NdB2Cu3O7-x/YBa2Cu3O7-y高温超导薄膜的稳定性研究

采用脉冲激光沉积方法 ,在钇稳定氧化锆 (YSZ)衬底上制备了YBa2 Cu3 O7-y高温超导薄膜和NdB2 Cu3 O7-x/YBa2 Cu3 O7-y双层高温超导薄膜。X射线衍射分析结果表明 ,NdB2 Cu3 O7-x/YBa2 Cu3 O7-y双层膜在结晶度、表面光滑平整度和稳定性方面优于YBa2 Cu3 O7-y薄膜 ;电阻温度曲线测量结果表明 ,NdB2 Cu3 O7-x/YBa2 Cu3 O7-y双层膜的转变温度为 87.6 6K ,转变宽度为 0 .34K ;YBa2 Cu3 O7-y薄膜的则分别为 86 .6 4K和 0 .95K。与YBa2 Cu3 O7-y薄膜相比 ,NdB2 Cu3 O7-x/YBa2 Cu3 O7-y双层膜稳定性更高 ,在超导电子器件领域更具有应用潜力。     

高温超导陶瓷材料的实验研究

讨论了高温超导陶瓷YBa2Cu3O9-x体系的研制方法，研究了各种因素对YBa2Cu3O9-x体系电特性的影响，通过X射线衍射分析及扫描电镜观测，确定了该样品为钙钛矿结构，并获得了零电阻为98K的高温超导陶瓷材料，它具有良好的抗磁性，同时，还探讨了烧制TlBaCaCu2Oy新体系的工艺条件，获得了零电阻为116．5K的Tl系超导陶瓷材料，该材料具有良好的抗磁性。     

添加剂对电泳法制备YBa2Cu3O7-δ超导涂层的影响

第二代高温超导带材YBa2Cu3O7-δ(YBCO)具有高载流能力、高不可逆场、低交流损耗和高转变温度,成为当前的热点研究对象.采用低成本的电泳沉积技术在Hastelloy合金上成功制备了YBCO超导层.添加剂对电泳液的稳定性及涂层性能有着重要影响.实验研究了添加剂(种类选择及添加量)与YBCO超导层的关系.结果表明,添加005gPVB时所制备的样品具有较好的超导电性,其临界电流密度可达100A/cm2(0T,77K).     

脉冲激光沉积YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ)薄膜表面形态研究

用脉冲激光沉积法,在SrTiO3基板上获得YBa2Cu3O7-δ超导薄膜．对其超导性能、晶体结构、原子尺度的平面形态和均匀性等进行研究．观察到YBa2Cu3O7-δ超导薄膜的原子图像．     

La部分替代Y对YBa2Cu3O7-δ氧传感器性能的影响

在Al2O3衬底上制备了Y1-xLaxBa2Cu3O7-δ(0≤x≤0.15)厚膜,研究了La部分替代Y对YBa2Cu3O7-δ氧传感器性能的影响和x=0.05样品的电阻与温度和氧分压的关系.与未掺杂膜相比较可看出,各组样品仍然表现出YBCO的基本性质,其中Y0.95La0.05 Ba2Cu3O7-δ样品表现出较高的灵敏度和较短的恢复时间,是替代 YBa2Cu3O7-δ作为氧传感器的良好的材料.     

La0．67Ca0．33MnO3／YBa2Cu4O8／La0．67Ca0．33MnO3三效应研究层膜的时间

报导了La0．67Ca0．33MnO3／YBa2Cu4O8／La0．67Ca0．33MnO3薄膜中超导特性的时间效应。样品在空气中存放11个月后，超导转变温度都降低，而且每个系列样品的临界厚度增加。对用La0．67Ca0．33MnO3作保护层的YBa2Cu4O8薄膜进行时间效应测量，结果表明当La0．67Ca0．33MnO3层的厚度大于40nm时可以防止水对YBa2Cu4O8薄膜的影响。     

高温超导薄膜的微波表面阻抗测量

本文介绍了用高温超导薄膜YBa2Cu3O7(YBCO)/LaAlO3(LAO)和Tl2Ba2CaCu2O10(TBCCO)/LAO制作共面微带谐振器的方法及进行微波表面阻抗测量的原理和相关技术.实验结果表明:温度较低时(对YBCO/LAO,T<70K;对TBCCO/LAO,T<80K),薄膜表面电阻随温度没有显著的变化.7GHz频率下TBCCO/LAO薄膜在77K和94K时的微波表面电阻值分别为120μΩ和250μΩ;同频率下YBCO/LAO薄膜在49K和77K时的微波表面电阻值分别为309μΩ和520μΩ.     

钙钛矿La2/3Ca1/3MnO3/YBa2Cu4O8/La2/3Ca1/3MnO3三层薄膜的磁输运性能

高温超导材料YBa2Cu4O8(YBCO)和铁磁材料La2／3Ca1／3MnO3(LCMO)形成的三层薄膜LCMO／YBCO／LCMO由对靶溅射技术制得．与YBCO单层薄膜相比，由于超导／铁磁系统中的磁性邻近效应，三层薄膜表现出较低的超导转变温度(Tc,ON)．与LCMO单层膜相比，三层薄膜的金属半导体转变温度(TMS)被提高并且强烈依赖于YBCO层的厚度．随中间层厚度的变化，磁电阻显示出非单调行为，长振荡周期被发现．结果表明，当YBCO处于正常态时两层LCMO膜之间存左着磁性自旋相互作用．     

Ca掺杂的Y1-xCaxBa2Cu3O7-δ超导体实验

应用固态反应法,制备了Ca掺杂的Y1-xCaxBa2Cu3O7-δ(x=0、0.1、0.2、0.3)超导粉体及超导块体。主要研究了Ca掺杂对Y1-xCaxBa2Cu3O7-δ超导体显微结构及捕获磁通能力的影响。结果表明,掺Ca量为x=0.2的Y1-xCaxBa2Cu3O7-δ超导体,晶粒进一步长大呈棒状,晶粒尺寸在15 um左右,各晶粒间紧密结合,晶界尤为明显;其捕获磁场的峰值随外加磁场的增大而变化的幅度最小,这表明合适的摻Ca量为x=0.2。本实验对制备高临界电流密度Jc的YBa2Cu3O7-δ超导体具有重要意义。     

BaTi0.99Fe0.01O3-Tb1-xDyxFe2-y复合双层结构中的磁电效应

用溶胶-凝胶法制备了BaTi0.99Fe0.01O3粉体,在1 350℃烧结成圆片状多晶样品.结构分析表明BaTi0.990.99Fe0.01O3依然是四方相钙钛矿结构,但是居里温度及相变潜热比纯净BaTiO3均略低.将BaTin0.99Fe0.01O3与Tb1-xDyx Fe2-y复合构成双层膜.研究了该层状结构的磁电(ME)效应.在2.8 kA/m的低磁场下,得到该双层膜最大横向磁电系数.并且BaTi0.99Fe0.01O3-Tb1-xDyx Fe2-y双层膜的横向磁电系数比BaTiO3-Tb1-xDyx Fe2-y双层膜的横向磁电系数大50%.因此掺杂BaTiO3可望成为ME复合结构中压电相的一个理想选择.另外由于不含铅、锆等有害物质,符合环保要求;改性的BaTiO3具有深入研究和应用价值.     

YBa_2Cu_3O_7中Cu的NQR自旋晶格弛豫研究

在室温至77K范围内,测量了YBa_2Cu_3O_7高T_c超导体中Cu的核四极共振的自旋晶格弛豫时间.磁化矢量的增长服从单指数规律,自旋晶格弛豫主要由于磁偶极相互作用.弛豫时间与温度的关系,在T.以上可近似用T_1T~(0.5)=常数拟合,在T.以下,未观察到经典BCS超导体的弛豫行为.     

Ca、Zn掺杂对高温超导体YBa2Cu3O7-δ晶体结构的影响

采用固相反应法成功的制备出了Y1-yCayBa2Cu3-xZnxO7-δ(y=0,x=0;y=0.1,x=0,0.05,0.1,0.2)的系列样品.利用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)对所制备系列样品结构进行了研究.结果表明,在整个掺杂范围内样品的单相性很好.随着锌离子掺杂量的增加,样品的晶格常数和表面形貌都发生了较大的变化,这是因为掺杂使样品的电子局域化增加,从而使样品的结构发生变化.     

Phase transitions in the incoherent lattice fluctuations in YBa2Cu3O(7-delta)

The growing body of experimental evidence for the existence of complex textures of charges and spins in the high-temperature superconductors has drawn attention to the so-called 'stripe-phase' models as a possible basis for the mechanism of superconductivity in these materials. Such observations have until now been restricted to systems where the texture dynamics are slow or suppressed altogether, and do not include the important case of YBa2Cu3O(7-delta). It seems likely that the dynamic behaviour of stripes, which has been suggested to undergo several phase transitions as a function of temperature, should also be reflected in the lattice properties of the host materials, and this forms the motivation for our present experiments. Specifically, we use MeV helium ion channelling, an ultrafast real-space probe of atomic displacements (with sub-picometre resolution), to probe incoherent lattice fluctuations in YBa2Cu3O(7-delta) as a function of temperature and oxygen doping. We detect lattice fluctuations that are larger than the expected thermal vibration component, and which show anomalies characteristic of the phase transitions anticipated for a dynamic stripe phase. Comparison of our lattice results with single-particle-tunnelling and photoemission data highlights the importance of spin-charge separation phenomena in the copper oxide superconductors.     

Spontaneous macroscopic magnetization at the superconducting transition temperature of YBa2Cu3O(7-delta)

A noteworthy feature of the high-temperature superconductors is the unconventional symmetry of the superconducting order parameter. Several experiments have established that the order parameter has a four-fold d(x2 - y2) symmetry under rotation of the lattice (the order parameter of conventional superconductors is, in contrast, isotropic). An intriguing and much debated possibility is that, in certain cases, an additional imaginary component might be present, having an isotropic s-wave or d(xy) symmetry. A consequence of a complex order parameter of the form d(x2 - y2) + id(xy) is that it would break both reflection (parity, P) symmetry and time-reversal (T) symmetry, a clear signature of which would be the spontaneous appearance of a macroscopic magnetization at the superconducting transition temperature. Broken T symmetry has been reported, but searches for the effects of combined P and T symmetry breaking have so far yielded null results. Here we report the observation of a weak (approximately 10(-5) gauss) magnetic field that appears spontaneously at the superconducting transition temperature of epitaxial thin films of YBa2Cu3O(7-delta). The magnetic signal originates near the edges of the samples. One interpretation for this observation is that the order parameter carries an intrinsic angular momentum, related to the breaking of P and T symmetries, but other possibilities cannot yet be excluded.     

Addition of nanoparticle dispersions to enhance flux pinning of the YBa2Cu3O7-x superconductor

Following the discovery of type-II high-temperature superconductors in 1986 (refs 1, 2), work has proceeded to develop these materials for power applications. One of the problems, however, has been that magnetic flux is not completely expelled, but rather is contained within magnetic fluxons, whose motion prevents larger supercurrents. It is known that the critical current of these materials can be enhanced by incorporating a high density of extended defects to act as pinning centres for the fluxons. YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO or 123) is the most promising material for such applications at higher temperatures (liquid nitrogen). Pinning is optimized when the size of the defects approaches the superconducting coherence length ( approximately 2-4 nm for YBCO at temperatures < or =77 K) and when the areal number density of defects is of the order of (H/2) x 10(11) cm(-2), where H is the applied magnetic field in tesla. Such a high density has been difficult to achieve by material-processing methods that maintain a nanosize defect, except through irradiation. Here we report a method for achieving a dispersion of approximately 8-nm-sized nanoparticles in YBCO with a high number density, which increases the critical current (at 77 K) by a factor of two to three for high magnetic fields.     

An unusual phase transition to a second liquid vortex phase in the superconductor YBa2Cu3O7

A magnetic field penetrates a superconductor through an array of 'vortices', each of which carries one quantum of flux that is surrounded by a circulating supercurrent. In this vortex state, the resistivity is determined by the dynamical properties of the vortex 'matter'. For the high-temperature copper oxide superconductors (see ref.1 for a theoretical review), the vortex phase can be a 'solid', in which the vortices are pinned, but the solid can 'melt' into a 'liquid' phase, in which their mobility gives rise to a finite resistance. (This melting phenomenon is also believed to occur in conventional superconductors, but in an experimentally inaccessible part of the phase diagram.) For the case of YBa2Cu3O7, there are indications of the existence of a critical point, at which the character of the melting changes. But neither the thermodynamic nature of the melting, nor the phase diagram in the vicinity of the critical point, has been well established. Here we report measurements of specific heat and magnetization that determine the phase diagram in this material to 26 T, well above the critical point. Our results reveal the presence of a reversible second-order transition above the critical point. An unusual feature of this transition-namely, that the high-temperature phase is the less symmetric in the sense of the Landau theory-is in accord with theoretical predictions of a transition to a second vortex-liquid phase.     

双核Cu聚合物[Cu2(C7H7O2N)2(C12H8N2)2·2H2O]·Cl2·(C7H7O2N)2·4H2O的合成、结构及性能解析

本论文以对氨基苯甲酸、邻菲罗啉与Cu(II)制备了深墨绿色的双核配位聚合物[Cu_2(C_7H_7O_2N)_2(C_(12)H_8N_2)_2·2H_2O]·Cl_2·(C_7H_7O_2N)_2·4H_2O颗粒状晶体,用元素分析、IR等方法对其进行了表征,并通过TG分析推断了该配位聚合物可能的热分解机理.X-射线衍射分析表明,该配合物晶体属于单斜晶系,空间群为C2/c,晶体结构中丰富的氢键将分子连接成三维无限网络结构.     

氧离子束辅助激光制备平面织构的YBCO膜

应用氧离子束辅助准分子脉冲激光沉积薄膜技术 ,先在不锈钢基底上室温下淀积出平面织构的钇稳锆(YSZ)缓冲层薄膜 ,再在YSZ/不锈钢上 750℃下制备出了平面织构和高临界电流密度YBa2 Cu3 O7-x(YBCO)薄膜 .YSZ和YBCO薄膜都为C 轴取向和平面织构的 ,YSZ( 2 0 2 )和YBCO( 1 0 3 )的X射线 (扫描衍射峰的全宽半峰值分别为 2 0°和 1 2°.YBCO薄膜的临界温度和临界电流密度分别为 91K(R =0 )和 7.2× 1 0 5A/cm2 ( 77K ,无外磁场 ) .