野生暗紫贝母的生态环境与驯化栽培

目的研究野生暗紫贝母的生态环境,对其进行驯化栽培.方法通过建设种植基地,研究种植方法,找到暗紫贝母最佳的种植方法.结果研究出规模化种植暗紫贝母的最佳条件为:种植深度3~4cm,行距10~15cm,种植密度为30万株/亩,制订了暗紫贝母规范化种植的操作技术规程.结论探究出合理种植暗紫贝母的条件,为规模化种植暗紫贝母提供技术参考.     

超临界CO2萃取暗紫贝母挥发油及其化学成分分析

[目的]研究暗紫贝母超临界CO₂挥发油中的化学成分及其含量的测定.[方法]采用超临界CO₂萃取法提取暗紫贝母挥发油,通过气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)结合NIST谱库检索对其化学成分进行鉴定,同时采用峰面积归一法对各成分的相对百分含量进行测定.[结果]GC-MS分析显示,从暗紫贝母挥发油中共分离得到39个组分,并鉴定其中32种成分,包括酯类化合物(26%)、醇类化合物(21%)、烷烃类化合物(20%),相对百分含量较高的有1-二十三醇(3.61%),七氟丁酸三十四烷基酯(3..59%)和反式-(2,3-二苯基环丙基)甲基苯基亚砜(3.24%)等.[结论]本研究完善了暗紫贝母挥发油的成分及其相关含量,为暗紫贝母的开发利用提供依据.     

FAAS测定暗紫贝母中的9种元素含量

采用火焰原子吸收光谱法对产自青海果洛州的暗紫贝母中Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、Ca、K、Na、Mg、Cd共9种金属元素进行了分析测定.在选定的测定条件下,青海暗紫贝母中各元素间相互干扰小,对测定结果无明显影响.方法的校准曲线线性关系良好(r=0.9973~0.9999),方法回收率在97.00%~102.00%之间(n=7),RSD值(n=7)在0.17%~1.43%之间.青海暗紫贝母中Ca、K、Na、Mg含量较高,研究结果为合理开发暗紫贝母资源提供科学依据.     

甘肃贝母属植物分类学研究

根据作者在甘肃的野外调查,以及查阅各有关标本室的标本和文献资料,对甘肃贝母属植物进行了分类学研究,归并了６新种和４新变种１个新栽培变种,确认甘肃贝母属有６种１变种（伊贝母Ｆｒｉｔｉｌｌａｒｉａ ｐａｌｌｉｄｉｆｌｏｒａ;渐贝母Ｆ．ｔｈｕｎｂｅｒｇｉｉ;榆中贝母Ｆ．ｙｕｚｈｏｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ;甘肃贝母Ｆ．ｐｒｚｅｗａｌｓｋｉｉ;暗紫贝母Ｆ．ｕｎｉｂｒａｃｔｅａｔａ;太白贝母Ｆ．ｔａｉｐａｉｅｎｓｉｓ;     

暗紫贝母研究现状

为了保证贝母属植物的合理利用,现对川贝母植物的基源植物暗紫贝母的本草考证、植物来源、提取工艺、化学成分、以及药理研究进行综述.     

暗紫贝母甲羟戊酸途径关键酶HMGR的生物信息学分析

以暗紫贝母的3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A还原酶氨基酸序列为研究对象,利用CD search、Cell-PLoc和SWISS-MODEL等生物信息学在线预测软件对其保守区域、理化性质、亚细胞定位、结构和活性区域等性质进行分析.结果表明,该酶由559个氨基酸残基组成,是主体部分位于内质网膜外的二次跨膜疏水蛋白质.其二级结构主要由α-螺旋和无规则卷曲构成.三级结构为同源四聚体结构,活性区域由两条多肽链的66个氨基酸残基构成,活性区域的面积和体积分别为1 284.340?~2和2 152.618?~3.生物信息学手段分析预测结果揭示了暗紫贝母中3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A还原酶的性质、结构和功能,为进一步研究贝母活性生物碱的生物合成调控机制奠定理论基础.     

暗紫贝母中法呢基焦磷酸合酶的生物信息学分析

以暗紫贝母的法呢基焦磷酸合酶氨基酸序列为研究对象,利用CD search、ProtParam和SignalP等13种在线预测软件对其保守区域、理化性质、亚细胞定位、亲疏水性、二级结构、三级结构等性质进行分析.结果发现,该酶由352个氨基酸残基组成,是一种不含信号肽不跨膜、定位于线粒体基质的可溶性亲水蛋白,具有典型的类异戊二烯合成酶超家族结构域.其二级结构主要由α-螺旋和无规则卷曲组成.三级结构以PDB ID 4kk2.1为模板建模,包含两个聚异戊烯合酶位点,200 Lys为其结合配体Mg~(2+)的结合位点,活性区域由55个氨基酸残基构成,面积和体积分别为1 215.670?~2和1 496.051?~3.生物信息学手段分析预测结果揭示了暗紫贝母中法呢基焦磷酸合酶的性质、结构和功能,为进一步研究贝母活性生物碱的生物合成调控机制奠定理论基础.     

NaCl胁迫对紫球藻生长和多糖含量的影响

在此就NaCl胁迫对紫球藻生长和多糖含量的影响进行探讨．在盐胁迫条件下，紫球藻的生长受到抑制，叶绿素和藻红素的含量均下降；但结合多糖的浓度随着培养时间而显著增加．盐胁迫作用还迅速抑制紫球藻的光合作用效率并增加暗呼吸速率。     

东北林区落叶松工人林群落植物多样性研究

采用样带网格调查方法和α、β多样性指数分析方法,研究东北林区落叶松人工林群落的物种丰富度、多样性指教和群落多样性,以便定量评价其在堆持植物多样性方面的作用,探讨东北林区落叶松人工林自然化恢复模式．结果表明：东北林区落叶松人工林群落的物种丰富度为32～50,沿坡面环境梯度一般呈现单峰型分布规律性,沿纬度梯度呈现凹型分布规律性;群落物种多样性指教分布为1．358～2．519。沿坡面环境梯度呈现出单峰型分布,沿纬度梯度呈现递减型分布规律性;群落组成种沿坡面环境梯度的变动速率较高（10．5～20．0）。群落的相似性系数较低（0．455～0．682）,因此,其具有较高的群落多样性．     

北京白河沉水植物研究

通过野外调查研究了白河沉水植物种类、群落类型、生物量及覆盖度。探讨了白河流域沉水植被分布规律、特点。结果表明：沉水植物的分布受水深、水流速度、基质和pH值影响很大。白河主要沉水植物群落类型有9个：菹草群落(Foml．Potamogeton crispus)，马来眼子菜群落(Form．Potamogeton malaianus)，水毛茛群落(Form．Najas minor)，蓖齿眼子菜群落(Form．Potamogeton pectinatus)；狐尾藻群落(Form．Myriophyllum spicatum)；大茨藻群落(Form．Najas marina)，穿叶眼子菜群落(Form．Potamogeton perfoliatus)，眼子菜群落(Form．Potamogeton distinctus)，黑藻群落(Form．Hydrilla verticillata)。群落多样性指数较低，生物量和覆盖度亦较低，这与白河水体状况和所受干扰是密切相关的。本文最后对合理利用和保护白河湿地资源提出了建议。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.