5-(2-甲氧基羰基-E-乙烯基)-7-甲氧基-2-(4-苄氧基苯基)苯并〔b〕呋喃的合成

目的:以对-羟基苯乙酮为原料,经烷基化、Vislsmeier反应等,合成5-(2-甲氧基羰基-E-乙烯基)-7-甲氧基-2-(4-苄氧基苯基)苯并〔b〕呋喃。方法:查阅、分析、归纳相关文献设计出5-(2-甲氧基羰基-E-乙烯基)-7-甲氧基-2-(4-苄氧基苯基)苯并〔b〕呋喃的合成路线,运用化学合成法合成该目标产物,并检测其纯度。结果:通过实验研究,合成了5-(2-甲氧基羰基-E-乙烯基)-7-甲氧基-2-(4-苄氧基苯基)苯并〔b〕呋喃。结论:5-(2-甲氧基羰基-E-乙烯基)-7-甲氧基-2-(4-苄氧基苯基)苯并〔b〕呋喃的熔点170~171℃,收率25.2%,纯度99.08%。     

有机电发光二聚体的合成研究

以1，4-二己氧基苯或1．4-二(2-乙基己氧基)苯和甲氧基取代的苯甲醛为原料，经三步反应合成了共轭二聚体2，5-二[1(Z）-1-氰基2-(邻或间-甲氧基苯基)乙烯基]1．4-二己氧基苯及2，5-二[1(Z)-1-氰基2-(邻或间-甲氧基苯基)乙烯基]-1，4-二(2-乙基己氧基)苯．经IR，^1HNMR，^13CNMR，MS和HRMS确定了这些化合物的结构．并通过荧光光谱测定了其发光效率。     

分子内酰基化反应合成新型六环稠杂环化合物

以2-氯甲基-3-苯并喹啉甲酸乙酯（1）为底物与α-萘酚、β-萘酚反应经“一锅法”合成了中间体2-（α-萘氧甲基）苯并[ h]喹啉-3-羧酸（2a）、2-（β-萘氧甲基）苯并[ H]喹啉-3-羧酸（2b）。化合物2a,2b在Eaton′s试剂作用下合成两种新型六环稠杂环化合物萘并[2′,1′,6,7]氧杂卓并[3,4-b]苯并喹啉-7（14H）-酮（3a）和萘并[1′,2′,6,7]氧杂卓并[3,4-b]苯并喹啉-15（8H）-酮（3b）。化合物2a,2b发生分子内傅一克酰基化闭环反应,所合成的新化合物2a、2b、3a、3b的结构经红外光谱、核磁共振谱、质谱及元素分析等得以确认。     

合成恩替卡韦重要中间体工艺的优化

以(1S, 2R)-2-［(苄氧基)甲基］-3-环戊烯-1-醇为起始原料,经环氧化、上苄基保护基、环氧开环、上4-对甲氧基苯基二苯基（MMT）保护、Dess Martin氧化反应得到中间体(2R, 3S, 5S)-5-［2-［［(4-甲氧基苯基)二苯甲基］氨基］-6-苄氧基-9H-嘌呤-9-基］-3-苄氧基-2-［(苄氧基)甲基］环戊酮。产物结构经氢谱测试确证。与文献报导相比,该工艺操作简便,适宜放大生产。     

盐酸2-芳基-4-羟乙基-2-吗啉醇的合成及表征

6-甲氧基-2-(2-溴丙酰基)萘、a-溴-3-氯苯丙酮、a-溴-4-苄氧基苯丙酮和a-溴-4-苄氧基苯戊酮分别与二乙醇胺于50℃搅拌反应1h,合成相应的2-(6-甲氧基-2-萘基)-3-甲基-4-羟乙基-2-吗啉醇、2-(3-氯苯基)-3-甲基-4-羟乙基-2-吗啉醇、2-(4-苄氧基苯基)-3-甲基-4-羟乙基-2-吗啉醇、2-(4-苄氧基苯基)-3-丙基-4-羟乙基-2-吗啉醇,2-芳基-4-羟乙基-2-吗啉醇经氯化氢酸化得其盐酸盐,收率58．3％～89．8％．其结构经^1HNMR,^1H-^1H COSY,IR,MS确证．     

利巴韦林衍生物的合成研究

以2’,3’-异丙叉利巴韦林(Ⅰ)为原料,通过碱催化与3个不同的酰氯缩合酯化和酸催化水解脱除异丙叉保护基两步反应合成了3个化合物,即1-(5-对硝基苯甲酰基-β-D-呋喃核糖基)-1,2,4-三氮唑-3-甲酰胺(Ⅲa),1-[5-(3,4,5-三苄氧基苯甲酰基)-β-D-呋喃核糖基]-1,2,4-三氮唑-3-甲酰胺(Ⅲb)和1-(5-苯甲酰基-β-D-呋喃核糖基)-1,2,4-三氮唑-3-甲酰胺(Ⅲc),Ⅲa和Ⅲb通过催化氢化得到1-(5-对氨基苯甲酰基-β-D-呋喃核糖基)-1,2,4-三氮唑-3-甲酰胺(Ⅳa)和1-[5-(3,4,5-三羟基苯甲酰基)-β-D-呋喃核糖基]-1,2,4-三氮唑-3-甲酰胺(Ⅳb),考察了不同碱和不同溶剂对酯化反应的影响,不同酸对脱除异丙叉保护基的影响以及催化剂Pd/C的用量对催化氢化的影响.中间体及目标产物均通过IR,1HNMR进行了结构表征.     

2-氨基-4-苄氧基-5-甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯的合成工艺

2-氨基-4-苄氧基-5-甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯是重要的有机合成中间体,在医药方面具有重要的应用价值.对其合成路线进行了优化:以香草酸甲酯为原料,经过羟基苄基化、硝化反应和选择性硝基还原合成2-氨基-4-苄氧基-5-甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯.各步反应的最佳条件(反应试剂、反应温度、反应时间、摩尔收率)分别为:羟基苄基化:丙酮,回流,3 h,93.77%;硝化:乙酸酐,0～5℃,2 h,94.40%;硝基还原:甲苯,回流,4 h,93.12%.优化后各步反应副反应少,产品纯度高,收率高,总收率达82.42%;工艺简洁,适合工业化生产.     

拉帕替尼中间体4-[3-氯-4-(3-氟苄氧基)苯氨基]-6-碘喹唑啉的合成新方法

以廉价易得的邻硝基苯甲醛为原料,通过氰基化、还原、碘代、甲脒生成和Dimroth重排五步反应得到抗肿瘤药物拉帕替尼合成中所需要的中间体化合物4-[3-氯-4-(3-氟苄氧基)苯氨基]-6-碘喹唑啉,总收率为52.2%.实验主要在两方面进行了改进,一是采用NH4I-H2O2体系进行碘代;二是利用硫酸二甲酯与N,N-二甲基甲酰胺生成的亚胺盐直接制备N′-(2-氰基-4-碘苯基)-N,N-二甲基甲脒.与其他的合成路线相比,此路线更为廉价和绿色,每步的产率均较高.     

甲基苯磺酰胺类CCR5生物拮抗剂的合成及表征

以1-苯甲基-4-哌啶酮合成了4-甲基-N-乙基-N-(4-哌啶基)苯磺酰胺(中间体7),以4-氯苯甲氯为原料,通过溴化及还原合成了5-溴-2-(4-氯苯甲氧基)溴甲基苯(中间体3),通过中间体7和中间体3合成了一种新的小分子化合物4-甲基-N-乙基-N-(N-(5-溴-2-(4-氯苯甲基氧基)苯甲基)-4-哌啶基)苯磺酰胺,对该产物进行了1 H NMR、MS、IR表征及生物活性检测,结果表明该化合物可以作为药物开发的候选化合物.     

新型有机光致变色材料螺噁嗪的合成

文中以1,3,3-三甲基-2-甲叉吲哚啉和亚硝基酚为原料合成了四种螺噁嗪光致变色化合物,分别是:(1)化合物A:1,3,3-三甲基螺吲哚啉-2,3′-[3H]萘并[2,12b][1,4]嗪;(2)化合物B:1,3,3-三甲基-6′-哌啶-螺吲哚啉-2,3′-[3H]萘并[2,12b][1,4]嗪;(3)化合物C:1,3,3-三甲基-6′-二甲胺基-螺吲哚啉-2,3′-[3H]苯并[2,12b][1,4]嗪;(4)化合物D:1,3,3-三甲基-6′-二乙胺基-螺吲哚啉-2,3′-[3H]苯并[2,12b][1,4]嗪。对各化合物进行了一些光致变色试验,并对所产生的现象进行了简要的讨论。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that