Lyocell纤维在NaOH溶液中膨胀规律的研究

研究了 Lyocell纤维在 Na OH溶液中膨胀的规律 .发现在 1 1 %左右浓度的Na OH溶液中 ,Lyocell纤维的径向膨胀率最大 .揭示了 Lyocell纤维经 Na OH溶液反复膨胀处理后呈现的一些特点 ,并结合 Lyocell纤维的结构特点对这一现象给以初步的解释 .     

Lyocell纤维在NaOH溶液中膨胀规律的研究

研究了Lyocell纤维在NaOH溶液中膨胀的规律.发现在11%左右浓度的NaOH溶液中,Lyocell纤维的径向膨胀率最大.揭示了Lyocell纤维经NaOH溶液反复膨胀处理后呈现的一些特点,并结合Lyocell纤维的结构特点对这一现象给以初步的解释.     

浆粕原料对轮胎帘子线用Lyocell纤维性能的影响

采用凝胶渗透色谱法(GPC)对几种不同的纤维素原料进行了表征,并对各种纤维素原料纺制的Lyocell纤维的性能进行了测试.结果表明,相对于α-纤维素质量分数而言,原料的相对分子质量对纤维力学性能的影响更大一些.当纤维素原料的聚合度接近时,纤维素原料中α-纤维素质量分数越高,Lyocell纤维的力学性能越高,且纤维耐热性及尺寸稳定性越好.同时探讨了高相对分子质量纤维素与中等相对分子质量纤维素的混合浆粕对Lyocell纤维性能的影响,证实了通过两种纤维素浆粕的混合可获得可纺性佳、力学性能好的Lyocell纤维,从而表明,采用这种混合体系为原料也是提高Lyocell纤维力学性能和制备轮胎帘子线用纤维素纤维的一种可行的途径.     

初生Lyocell纤维结晶结构的形成过程

利用广角X-衍射分析技术,对从未干燥过的初生Lyocell纤维结晶结构的形成过程进行了研究,并与已干燥过的重新湿润的Lyocell纤维的结晶结构进行了对比.实验结果表明,从未干燥过的初生Lyocell纤维中纤维素的超分子三维有序排列尚未完全形成,纤维结晶度较低,而准晶含量相对较大;随纤维中含水率的减少,纤维中部分准晶逐渐向纤维素Ⅱ的主要结晶结构转化,结晶度和各主要晶面晶粒尺寸均呈"S"形增加,当含水率小于35%后,已基本形成了较完善的结晶结构.若重新湿润后,水分子仅仅进入无定形区域,对Lyocell纤维的结晶结构影响不大.由此进一步表明,如要通过后处理方式改变Lyocell纤维的结构,必须在纤维从未干燥且含水率大于35%时实施后处理.     

纺丝速度对Lyocell纤维结构的影响

研究了以N 甲基吗啉 N 氧化物(NMMO)为溶剂的Lyocell纤维纺丝工艺中纺丝速度对Lyocell纤维结构的影响.实验结果表明:随着纺丝速度的提高,Lyocell纤维的结晶度、晶区取向、双折射及无定形取向增大,但当纺丝速度达到50m/min时,纤维的双折射和无定形取向都达到最大值,纺丝速度继续提高,纤维的双折射维持恒定不变,无定形取向反而下降.     

碳纳米管添加剂对Lyocell纺丝原液流变行为及其纤维结构与性能的影响

制备了添加不同质量分数多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)的Lyocell纺丝原液,对其流变性能进行了研究,并通过干湿法纺丝得到MWNTs填充的Loycell纤维,分别采用扫描电镜(SEM)和强度仪等对纤维的形态结构与力学性能进行了分析.研究结果表明,添加了MWNTs的纤维素/NMMO·H2O溶液属典型的切力变稀型流体.随着溶液中MWNTs添加量的增加,溶液粘度逐渐增大.在MNT质量分数达到1%时,体系粘度呈现出最大值,但随着MWNTs质量分数的进一步增加,体系的粘度又出现明显的下降趋势.对所制得的MWNTs/Lyocell复合纤维的SEM分析结果显示当MWNRs质量分数≤1%时,MWNTs在Lyocell基体中分布均匀;当MWNTs质量分数＞1%时,复合纤维中MWNTs开始发生团聚.对纤维的力学性能分析进一步表明添加适量的MWNTs可使Lyocell纤维的力学性能提高,其中,1% MWNTs质量分数的Lyocell纤维的初始模量和强度分别比未添加MWNTs的Lyocell增加32.9%和18.8%.     

Lyocell的原纤化及整理

原纤化现象是Lyocell纤维固有的属性,产生的原因是多方面的.采用生物、化学整理可有效地控制原纤化现象.有时还可利用Lyocell纤维原纤化的特性生产出多种不同风格和手感的织物.     

裂解气相色谱质谱法研究Lyocell纤维裂解作用

加热裂解Lyocell纤维,采用气相色谱质谱联用仪研究裂解过程.750℃时,鉴定了其中59种裂解产物,主要的裂解产物为二氧化碳、醛、酮、酸和酯类、呋喃类杂环化合物和糖类化合物等.1,6-脱水-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(左旋葡聚糖)是Lyocell纤维的重要裂解产物.Lyocell纤维裂解过程中,发生侧基消去水反应,转糖苷作用引起链剪切作用,逆醛醇缩合反应的链剪切作用.经过分子重排,次级反应等形成了各种裂解产物.     

热处理对Lyocell纤维结构和性能的影响

研究了热处理时不同的温度、时间及张力对Lyocell纤维结构和性能的影响。结果表明热处理能提高Lyocell纤维的强度和模量，但是断裂伸长率有所下降。热处理温度为160℃，时间为12～25s时效果较好。热处理中施加张力可以进一步提高Lyocell纤维的强度和模量，但纤维的断裂伸长率迅速下降。热处理后的Lyocell纤维结晶度略有提高，但随着张力的增加，结晶度基本不变。热处理后纤维的总取向增大，而晶区取向基本不变，故无定形区取向大幅度提高。研究结果还表明Lyocell纤维通过热处理而提高的力学性能并不能长久地维持，随着放置时间的延长，其力学性能会逐渐下降并回复到热处理以前的状态。     

Softwarm发热纤维针织面料的漂白工艺

为了提高Softwarm发热纤维针织面料的白度和鲜艳度,以Softwarm发热纤维针织面料罗纹半空气层组织为研究对象,探讨其漂白工艺.对影响Softwarm发热纤维针织面料漂白工艺的4个主要因素进行单因素分析,并采用正交试验的方法对Softwarm发热纤维针织面料的漂白工艺进行优化,最后对面料的漂白效果进行评定,得出最佳漂白工艺.结果表明,Softwarm发热纤维针织面料经最优工艺处理可以得到良好的漂白效果,且织物的损伤程度不大,手感柔软.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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