Automatic recognition of squirrel monkey vocalisations by means of a filterbank.

Up to now the problem of classifying squirrel monkey vocalizations has not been solved satisfactorily. The problems is now approached by a method, which consists of 2 phases. At first the monkey vocalizations are compared with the aid of physical criteria and classified by types. According to the classification of types, the membership of the individual vocalizations is tested.     

Wireless microphone for studies of animal vocalizations

Summary A microphone collar for obtaining good quality recordings of animal vocalizations is described. An inexpensive, commercially available wireless microphone was modified and mounted on a collar with a hearing-aidbattery pack. The complete assembly weighs, 25 g, and is readily accepted by domestic cats.     

Wireless microphone for studies of animal vocalizations.

A microphone collar for obtaining good quality recordings of animal vocalizations is described. An inexpensive, commercially available wireless microphone was modified and mounted on a collar with a hearing-aidbattery pack. The complete assembly weighs 25 g, and is readily accepted by domestic cats.     

Description of the folliculo-stellate cells in the anterior hypophysis of the monkey Macacus irus]

Folliculo-stellar cells are present in the anterior lobe of hypophysis of the monkey Macacus irus. These cells limit strait cavities in which one can observe microvillosites at the apical pole of the cells. The folliculo-stellar cells possess long and thin fibers which insert themselves between different types of granular cells and sometimes extend to the peri-capillar regions. Numerous organelles are present in these folliculo-stellar cells, especially microfilaments.     

Involvement of endorphins in the emotional behavior of pigs]

Social isolation and exposure to a new environment induce hyperactivity, vocalizations and ACTH release in weaned Piglets acutely submitted to this stress. These reactions are increased by pretreatment with morphine (0.5 and 1 mg/kg) and decreased by naloxone (1 mg/kg), suggesting that endogenous opiates modulate emotional behaviour in Pigs.     

Differences in cardiac myosin light chain LC1 among human,monkey and sheep

Summary The atrial and ventricular myosin light chains of human, monkey and sheep hearts were compared by dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The atrial light chain 2 and ventricular light chain 2 are similar among these mammals. However, the atrial light chain 1 of monkey has different electrophoretic mobility from those of human and sheep. The monkey ventricular light chain 1 has same mobility as that of sheep but different from that of human.Acknowledgments. This work was supported by MRC of Canada No. MA-8559. Dr G. Jackowski is a scholar of the Medical Research Council of Canada, and is the author to whom all correspondence should be addressed.     

Differences in cardiac myosin light chain LC1 among human, monkey and sheep

The atrial and ventricular myosin light chains of human, monkey and sheep hearts were compared by dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The atrial light chain 2 and ventricular light chain 2 are similar among these mammals. However, the atrial light chain 1 of monkey has different electrophoretic mobility from those of human and sheep. The monkey ventricular light chain 1 has same mobility as that of sheep but different from that of human.     

The role of transmembrane domains in membrane fusion

Biological membrane fusion is driven by different types of molecular fusion machines. Most of these proteins are membrane-anchored by single transmembrane domains. SNARE proteins are essential for intracellular membrane fusion along the secretory and endocytic pathway, while various viral fusogens mediate infection of eukaryotic cells by enveloped viruses. Although both types of fusion proteins are evolutionarily quite distant from each other, they do share a number of structural and functional features. Their transmembrane domains are now known to be critical for the fusion reaction. We discuss at which stages they might contribute to bilayer mixing. Received 5 October 2006; received after revision 14 November 2006; accepted 8 January 2007     

Ultrasonic vocalizations by adult prairie voles, Microtus ochrogaster

Male and female Microtus ochrogaster were presented with anesthetized and awake conspecifics while ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) were monitored. Males produced significantly more USVs than females during 5-min testing sessions. Males tended to produce more USVs to unfamiliar females than to familiar female siblings. Sexual experience led to increased USV scores by males. These results suggest that USVs by male prairie voles communicate to females the male's gender and his availability for reproductive behavior.     

Ultrasonic vocalizations by adult prairie voles,Microtus ochrogaster

Summary Male and femaleMicrotus ochrogaster were presented with anesthetized and awake conspecifics while ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) were monitored. Males produced significantly more USVs than females during 5-min testing sessions. Males tended to produce more USVs to unfamiliar females than to familiar female siblings. Sexual experience led to increased USV scores by males. These results suggest that USVs by male prairie voles communicate to females the male's gender and his availability for reproductive behavior.     

Responses of monkey, rabbit and dog internal carotid arteries to atrial natriuretic factor

Effects of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) on monkey, rabbit and dog internal carotid arteries were investigated. ANF caused a concentration-dependent relaxation in arterial strips submaximally precontracted with noradrenaline, 5-hydroxytryptamine, or high-potassium solution (10-30 mM). The response was greatest in the monkey arteries and least in the dog arteries. These results suggest that there is a marked species difference in the ANF-induced relaxation of the internal carotid arteries.     

The antimitotic drug 4,6-dimethyl-2-amino-3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl-pyrimidine inhibits the nucleoside transport system of cells from various animal species

4,6-dimethyl-2-amino-3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl-pyrimidine (B-31) is a pyrimidine derivative previously reported to arrest the mitotic cycle of mammalian cells in metaphase. In the present study it is shown that B-31 also acts as a specific inhibitor of the cellular uptake of nucleosides. The uptake of purinic and pyrimidinic nucleosides is inhibited by 80–90% at concentrations in the range 5–20 μg/ml, whereas those of nucleobases, leucine, choline and glucose are unaltered at the maximum nontoxic dose of B-31 (25 μg/ml). Various mammalian (human, monkey and murine) and avian cell are equally sensitive to the inhibition of nucleoside transport. The antimitotic effect of B-31, by contrast, is species-specific: human cells are the most sensitive whereas monkey and chicken fibroblasts appear resistant to this effect. Both effects can be reversed by removal of B-31 from the medium; inhibition of nucleoside transport can also be reversed by high doses of the nucleosides themselves.     

Responses of monkey,rabbit and dog internal carotid arteries to atrial natriuretic factor

Summary Effects of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) on monkey, rabbit and dog internal carotid arteries were investigated. ANF caused a concentration-dependent relaxation in arterial strips submaximally precontracted with noradrenaline, 5-hydroxytryptamine, or high-potassium solution (10–30 mM). The response was greatest in the monkey arteries and least in the dog arteries. These results suggest that there is a marked species difference in the ANF-induced relaxation of the internal carotid arteries.     

Ein (M,F)-Problem mit Nebenbedingungen

Summary In a former publication, the problem could only be solved under two restrictions. Proof is now given that the cones are extremal in the whole of class I.     

Localization of sound producing animals using the arrival time differences of their signals at an array of microphones

Summary This method provides a reliable means to determine distance between vocalizing individuals and their locations through a prolonged period of time without disturbance to the communication process by the presence of an observer. The accuracy of this method was tested by varying the arrival time differences on the microphone grid for known locations in a random fashion. This test shows that a vocalizing animal within an area of 4 ha surrounding the microphone array can be localized with an accuracy of ±1 m. The accuracy decreases with the distance from the central area and as a function of the geometry of the array. The location of an individual can be determined based on 5 vocalizations given in sequence.Acknowledgment. This research was supported by funds granted to Irene Magyar from the Chapman Fund, The American Museum of Natural History and Sigma Xi, Grants in Aid of Research.     

Inhibition of uridinediphosphate glucuronyltransferase caused by furosemide

Summary The diuretic agent, furosemide, inhibits liver microsomal uridinediphosphate glucuronyltransferase (EC. 2.4.1.17), in monkey and rat. Inhibition is of the non-competitive type.     

Inhibition of uridinediphosphate glucuronyltransferase caused by furosemide

The diuretic agent, furosemide, inhibits liver microsomal uridinediphosphate glucuronyltransferase (EC. 2.4.1.17), in monkey and rat. Inhibition is of the non-competitive type.     

Scanning electron microscopic observation of spermiophage cell within the lumen of the epididymal duct of the vasectomized Japanese monkey (Macacus fuscatus).

The spermiophagic process by intraluminal macrophages in the epididymal ducts of the vasectomized Japanese monkey was well visualized with scanning electron microscope. The fragments of disintegrated spermatozoa were seen in the phase enveloped in bulk by flap-like cytoplasmic extensions or in the phase ingested within the cytoplasm.     

Ein (M,F)-Problem

Summary The proof of the problem which was studied in a former work, was now brought to an end: that among all convex rotatory bodies of the constant lengthsl the cones possess the smallest surfaces ifM is given.