鸟体羽毛对通风窗抗鸟撞试验的影响分析

运动机构支持的飞机通风窗在鸟撞时由于部件之间变形不协调会产生缝隙. 鸟体的羽毛在进入缝隙过程中会扩大缝隙. 对于该问题,首先基于PAM-CARSH软件,结合SPH方法,通过选择合适的梁元节点自由度模拟机构的运动副,计算分析不考虑羽毛情况下通风窗的强度和刚度,然后通过与真鸟撞击试验结果进行对比,分析鸟体羽毛对抗鸟撞安全的影响. 分析结果发现,羽毛对结构应力影响较小,但对缝隙影响较大,对于类似结构应重点考察.     

机翼前缘结构抗鸟撞分析研究

鸟撞是飞机在飞行中遇到的重要危害之一,同时也是一种突发性和多发性的飞行事故,造成了重大的经济损失和人员伤亡。因此,抗鸟撞设计成为飞机设计中必须考虑的要素之一。以机翼前缘缝翼结构为研究对象,通过大型非线性有限元分析软件PAM—CRASH,开展了飞机结构的抗鸟撞仿真设计研究。分析过程考虑了材料的非线性和结构的大变形特性;鸟体在高速撞击下采用SPH方法模拟。通过分析整个结构鸟撞的损伤失效过程,以及各部件能量耗散机理,明确机翼前缘缝翼结构各个部件在抗鸟撞设计中的作用,这些对于我国的大型飞机抗鸟撞设计将有参考价值。     

鸟撞飞机风挡数值模拟研究

目前,鸟撞是威胁航空安全的重要因素之一,飞机风挡抗鸟撞是飞机安全飞行的重要保证。首先介绍了鸟撞飞机风挡的研究现状,利用LS-DYNA3D对鸟撞飞机风挡进行数值模拟,通过建立飞机全尺寸圆弧风挡模型及鸟体简化模型,计算得到风挡结构的变形、位移、有效应力、可能发生破坏的位置、鸟体水平与垂直方向速度、加速度等数据结果。仿真结果表明,鸟撞飞机风挡是发生在毫秒量级的非线性冲击动力学行为,整个撞击过程约5.6 ms,在T=1.8 ms时刻,风挡承受的有效应力最大,为8.304×10~7Pa,鸟体垂直方向加速度达到1.5228×10~4m/s~2。同时,通过选取风挡三个网格单元,得到位移及有效应力变化历程,综合考虑位移和应变结果可知风挡正中心为受到鸟撞后最危险的部位,利用数值模拟方法进行鸟撞风挡分析,可减小时间成本,提高分析问题工作效率,为飞机风挡鸟撞适航验证提供更有效的方法。     

ANSYS/LS-DYNA模拟鸟撞飞机风挡的动态响应

利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA有限元软件建立鸟撞飞机前风挡的三维实体模型,模拟风挡结构抗鸟撞试验的动态响应。模拟结果表明后弧框是鸟撞风挡的最危险部位,并得到该结构风挡抗鸟撞的安全临界速度。模拟结果可为飞机设计提供一定的参考价值。     

采用流固耦合方法的直升机桨叶鸟撞数值模拟

在鸟撞直升机桨叶过程中,鸟体与桨叶撞击相对速度很大,呈现出流体特性,属于典型的流固耦合瞬态冲击动力学问题。首先针对文献中的鸟撞铝板试验采用ALE流固耦合方法进行了分析,对计算方法与鸟体模型进行了验证。然后进行了桨叶鸟撞数值模拟。数值模拟结果表明ALE 方法能够准确模拟鸟撞过程,适用于直升机桨叶鸟撞分析。通过应力、位移以及撞击压力等计算结果的详细分析,对直升机旋翼抗鸟撞设计具有一定的参考价值。     

基于SPH方法的鸟撞飞机风挡的数值模拟

风挡抗鸟撞是飞机安全飞行的重要保证.文中基于飞机圆弧风挡受鸟体撞击的实验观察,建立了国产某型军用飞机圆弧风挡及鸟体的有限元分析模型,利用光滑粒子流体动力学法(SPH)耦合有限元法对圆弧风挡受鸟撞击的过程进行了数值模拟,计算得到风挡结构的变形、位移、应变、撞击力、应力、临界撞速、发生破坏的可能位置及其破坏方式等几方面的数据,并考察了SPH粒子疏密对计算结果的影响.研究表明,数值模拟结果与实验结果基本吻合;鸟撞整个过程约4ms,撞击中点、前1/3处和后1/3处,风挡发生破坏(包括安全破坏)的临界撞速分别约为(540±5)、(600±5)和(470±5)km/h;鸟撞过程中,风挡的位移与其厚度是同一量级,风挡的最大应变已达到10~(-2)量级;风挡首先发生破坏的位置在后弧框附近,然后向与风挡中线成45°角的方向发展;SPH粒子数越多,鸟体变形模态越好.     

基于SPH法的飞机风挡鸟撞失效破坏研究

运用SPH方法模拟了鸟撞飞机风挡的过程,鸟体模型采用SPH法建立,风挡模型采用Lagrange法定义,鸟体以515km/h、562km/h和600km/h的速度分别撞击风挡对称线上前1/3点。通过仿真模拟,获取了鸟体撞击风挡的应变、位移、应力曲线,风挡失效损伤演化过程,并与试验结果对比,证明所建鸟撞风挡有限元模型可以准确预测风挡的鸟撞动态响应。研究表明：鸟体撞击风挡对称线前1/3点时,风挡最大变形发生在风挡中间部位;风挡在弯曲作用下首先会在内表面发生失效破坏;撞速为600km/h的风挡发生失效破坏后,在撞击区域形成多条与风挡对称线呈大约50°夹角的裂纹及少部分横向裂纹。     

基于SPH方法鸟撞飞机风挡问题的数值模拟

鸟与飞行中的飞机相撞是飞机结构损坏的重要因素,严重时会引发机毁人亡的灾难性事故。 对高速低空飞行的军用飞机而言,风挡部分抗鸟撞的研究对保证飞行安全尤其重要。本文基于飞 机圆弧风挡受鸟体撞击的实验观察,建立了国产某型军用飞机圆弧风挡及鸟体的有限元分析模型, 利用基于SPH的流固耦合方法分析了圆弧风挡受鸟撞击问题。计算结果得到了风挡结构的变形、 位移、应变等几方面的数据,与实验结果基本吻合,同时给出了500~650km/h速度范围内的撞击 力和应力时程曲线、风挡发生破坏的临界撞速、圆弧风挡在经受鸟体撞击时发生破坏的可能位置 及其破坏方式。研究结果验证了SPH方法在分析鸟撞问题中的优越性,也为风挡的安全设计和研 制新机型提供了有价值的数据。     

SPH和FEM耦合方法分析机翼前缘鸟撞的响应问题

鸟体的强度远比铝合金小,鸟体在撞击过程中表现强烈的流体流动性.介绍利用PAM-CRASH软件,采用SPH(Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics)和FEM耦合技术分析鸟撞机翼前缘问题.通过将鸟体离散成光滑粒子(SPH)单元,并且采用铆钉连接单元简化蒙皮和肋板的铆钉连接,准确分析了鸟撞动态特性.SPH方法在鸟撞仿真中,克服了网格稳定性问题,并能有效分析鸟体的飞散现象.     

碳纤维织物材料鸟撞动力学分析参数试样级试验与仿真研究

根据复合材料鸟撞适航取证要求,制定了积木式复合材料鸟撞符合性验证方法。完成了一种典型碳纤维织物复试样级试验,对试验数据研究发现碳纤维织物在45°方向吸能约是0°方向的2倍,可供复材结构抗冲击吸能铺层设计使用。以试样级试验数据为基础通过编程处理得到基于Pam-crash软件鸟撞动力学参数,随后完成了拉压剪三种受载方式的仿真计算,计算结果表明分析和试验结果基本一致。因此,基于试样级试验数据处理得到的参数可用于更高级别的鸟撞动力学仿真模拟,供飞机设计使用。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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