用刚体弹簧元法研究全级配混凝土力学性能

提出了采用刚体弹簧元法在细观层次上对全级配混凝土的力学特性及破坏机理进行数值研究的方法.该方法首先根据全级配混凝土骨料级配曲线和Walraven函数,使用蒙特卡罗随机理论建立起考虑细观各相力学特性分布不均匀性的随机骨料结构,并对其进行三角形或任意多边形的网格剖分;然后应用刚体弹簧元模型,对全级配混凝土在单轴及双轴荷载下的变形和力学性能进行了系统性的数值试验,并探讨了不同骨料级配及试件尺寸对混凝土力学性能的影响.与实际试验结果的比较表明运用该方法数值模拟全级配混凝土的力学性能是可行的.     

蒙特卡罗法生成混凝土随机骨料模型的ANSYS实现

利用ANSYS的APDL参数化设计语言,结合蒙特卡罗方法生成了细观层次上三级配的二维和三维随机混凝土骨料模型,从而能在ANSYS中进行赋予材料属性、定义单元类型、划分有限单元网格、选择各种损伤模型,直至加载求解,避免了其他程序语言生成骨料模型之后,还必须编写接口程序的不足;从给出的模拟卵石、砾石的三级配二维圆形和三级配三维球形的算例及生成的混凝土随机骨料模型来看,该法能够充分体现混凝土骨料随机分布的特征。     

混凝土细观骨料模型随机性的分形验证

为了验证数值试验方法生成混凝土随机骨料模型的合理性,首先采用效率较高的伪随机函数蒙特卡罗方法模拟多级配混凝土随机分布并生成随机骨料空间分布几何模型,然后根据骨料平面分布图中像素的差异以及分形几何学中的盒维数采用数字图像算法对其随机性的合理性进行研究.结果表明,采用蒙特卡罗方法投放的混凝土骨料的随机分布具有分形特征,且随...     

混凝土细观力学预处理方法

构建了一套混凝土细观数值模拟的前处理方法,该方法采用圆度指标来修正骨料的等效直径,同时采用该指标定义多边形骨料的粒形特征并以骨料圆度值正态分布概率密度函数来描述骨料集合的形状分布规律,基于提出的质点域方法实现骨料的投放、材料分区及网格剖分的一体化.基于该理论方法开发了混凝土二维细观模拟前处理程序,将程序生成模型与实际混...     

模型尺寸和骨料级配对混凝土细观非均质影响

针对现有细观力学模型无法反映模型尺寸和骨料级配对混凝土材料细观非均质影响的局限性,假定混凝土由骨料颗粒、砂浆基质及界面过渡区组成,基于Voigt并联模型对细观单元材料力学性能进行等效,建立反映混凝土细观非均质的等效模型.以Weibull分布为假设分布,探讨四种骨料级配边长150-750mm细观等效模型的网格单元尺寸,以单元弹性模量的非均质分布表征材料的细观非均质性,探讨混凝土材料细观非均质性与模型尺寸和骨料级配的相关关系,研究材料细观非均质对混凝土强度及破坏模式的影响机理.研究结果表明:相同骨料级配下,随着模型尺寸的增加,网格单元尺寸增大,混凝土材料非均质性减弱;相同模型尺寸下,随着骨料级配的增大,网格单元尺寸略有增加,混凝土材料的细观非均质性增强;材料细观非均质性增强时,混凝土强度略有降低,损伤破坏区域分布广泛.     

混凝土骨料有限元模型自动生成方法

针对圆形、椭圆形、多边形三种剖面形状的骨料夹杂分别给出了混凝土的二维有限元建模方法,为细观结构研究提供了全自动的建模工具．提出了一种新的以面积为标度的任意两椭圆骨料侵入的判别准则,有效地克服了椭圆形骨料几何模型生成中的效率瓶颈问题;提出了综合考虑边数、形状、尺寸等随机特性的多边形骨料生成方法,并简单有效地保证了多边形骨料为凸的性质,使所建的随机几何模型能够更好地模拟人工骨料和再生骨料;对生成的几何模型,运用改进的推进波前法一次性生成所有骨料的有限元网格,为进一步的复合材料细观结构和宏观力学性能的多尺度计算打下了基础．最后用几个算例验证了算法的有效性。     

骨料形状对混凝土拉伸强度的影响

运用Monte-Carlo方法模拟产生了由骨料、水泥砂浆基体和两者之间的胶结带组成的三相复合材料混凝土试件,采用各向同性的Mazars损伤演化模型描述混凝土细观各相弹性损伤退化过程,利用有限元方法分别进行了混凝土二、三、四级配圆形、多边形骨料试件的单轴拉伸数值模拟.试验结果表明:同一级配任意多边形骨料试件的极限承载力总体上要大于圆形骨料试件的承载能力;二、三、四级配混凝土试件强度依次递减;在应力-应变曲线的软化阶段,圆形骨料较多边形骨料试件软化曲线平缓;多边形骨料混凝土试件的脆性指数较圆形骨料混凝土试件的脆性指数高.     

简化的二维混凝土骨料随机生成法

混凝土的细观力学分析中,将混凝土考虑为由粗骨料、水泥砂浆以及界面三相所组成的复合材料。细观分析时粗骨料模型的建立是一个主要而且关键的步骤。在二维分析中,圆形骨料是应用最为广泛的简化模拟方法;而椭圆形骨料以及多边形骨料也分别被用来模拟卵石骨料以及碎石骨料。针对圆形、椭圆形以及多边形这三种剖面形状的骨料,确定了简化的骨料随机生成方法,生成了相应的几何模型,并得出了数值模拟结果。     

细观层面的混凝土碳化过程数值模拟

为在细观层面上研究混凝土碳化问题,首先建立了基于积累分布函数的三维球形骨料生成方法,分析了随机性对模拟结果的影响,对骨料最大粒径、最小粒径和体积分数的选取原则进行了讨论.建立了简化的混凝土碳化数值模型,分析了骨料对宏观层面混凝土碳化行为的影响.结果表明,骨料的稀释效应和扭曲效应将降低混凝土的碳化深度;骨料在水泥浆中的非均匀分布将导致宏观上混凝土碳化深度的非均匀性.     

基于试验二维随机骨料再生混凝土抗压强度研究

制作42个再生混凝土立方体试块并测试其立方体抗压强度,基于二维随机骨料理论推导符合试验用粗骨料级配的二维骨料分布曲线,生成二维随机骨料混凝土有限元模型模拟其抗压强度并与试验结果进行对比.结果表明:再生混凝土抗压强度总体上随再生粗骨料取代率的上升而降低,但再生粗骨料取代率为50%时,试验与有限元模拟结果均存在强度升高的变异现象.随着再生粗骨料取代率的上升,再生混凝土抗压强度峰值应力对应的平均应变有所延后.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with