报章与启蒙：中国近代报刊“论说”的文体选择

作为一种古已有之的文体，“论说”在报刊时代有了新的境遇。在传统“论说”文体的基础上，报刊知识分子在清末民初创造了种种新的话语体式，诸如“策论体”“新民体”“演说体”“逻辑体”“新青年体”等。本文将文体形式与启蒙路径结合起来，着重分析中国近代知识分子如何通过选择报刊“论说”的文体形式来达到向导国民、启蒙社会的目的，进而探讨各种论说文体与不同启蒙路径之间的复杂联系。     

文体改革与人生态度：林语堂文论集序

林语堂提倡幽默，有着双重的意义：一是文体改革的继续；二是人生态度的表明。在20世纪和30年代，所起的作用并不一样。林语堂在1924年开始担倡幽默，意在对五四文学革命的文体改革作进一步推动，积极意义较多；而30年代再度鼓吹幽默，仍是提倡一种冷静，超远、旁观的人生态度，在当时民族斗争和阶级斗争尖锐的时刻，有较大的消极作用。     

林语堂代人受过──从鲁迅《论“费厄泼赖”应该缓行》的一条注释谈起

鲁迅《论“费厄泼赖”应该缓行》一文后的第二条注释给读者三点印象：一、林语堂是“费厄泼赖”的倡导者；二、鲁迅写作此文是专门批判林语堂的；三、二三十年代林语堂始终站在进步文学的对立面。事实并非如此。“费厄泼赖”的始作俑者是周作人，而不是林语堂。鲁迅对“费厄泼赖”的批评，表面上对着林语堂．其实瞄准的是周作人。准确地讲，是针对当时一些善良人们姑息养奸的错误倾向而言的。二十年代的林语堂作为语丝派叱咤风云的一员战将，伴随着鲁迅的步伐，在反抗封建势力和现代评论派的攻城劫寨中立下了汗马功劳。林语堂是代人受过的。这场围绕“费厄泼赖”问题的讨论，是语丝派内部人之间不同意见的磋商，长期以来人们把它定格在“两个阶级”、“两条路线”斗争的档次上是不科学的。     

林语堂教育理想的审美倾向

林语堂教育理想具有明显的审美倾向,集中体现在其对“空气教育法”、“自为读书法”、“文化的享受”的倡导。这对当今教育界存在的弊端无疑是一种有益的反拨。     

论王阳明的良知之学与散文创作——兼论对晚明小品之影响

王阳明的良知之学是强调主体心灵精神和道德良知之主导作用的主观唯心主义学说,在适应其宣扬良知之学需要的同时,阳明的散文创作,已经在文体功能、体制特征等方面,突破传统文体之既有规范,展现出一种新的散文艺术风貌。这对以文体解散形式突破传统古文之压制和束缚的晚明小品,起了导向和示范的作用,在某种意义上,可视之为晚明小品之滥觞。     

论《京华烟云》之姚木兰

林语堂的小说以“向外国人讲中国文化”为主旨。在浓重的文化氛围中塑造他心目中的理想人格。由于林语堂“一捆矛盾”的博杂思想表现为动态的忽东忽西、时道时儒或亦道亦佛，因而他对理想人格的塑造也表现了人物性格的“互补”性、“和谐”性。     

试论当代喜剧小品的固本与创新

戏剧性、电视性、喜剧性、本土性、经济性、平民性是喜剧小品的固有属性。随着电视喜剧真人秀走红，当下的喜剧小品正在本体论的层面改变存在方式和体验方式。喜剧小品的“变脸”引发了其艺术身份的不确定性和所涉边界的不稳定性的诘问。面对全球化语境下的技术革命与媒介创新，喜剧小品要走进“轮廓重绘”的新时代，首先，必须固守戏剧性，从戏剧舞台表演艺术的发展中谋求传承与创新；坚守本土性，从中华民族的喜剧宝库中汲取精华营养；其次，应当坚持“经济性”与“平民性”,从“小而耐品”的本质属性上探索永葆青春的生命秘诀；再次，努力超越电视性，从传播媒介上开拓“剧场+电视+网络”的全新立体传播模式。     

周作人小品散文中的“情趣”和“随手征引”

周作人在现代散文史上的地位是因小品散文的成就而确立的。他的小品散文的最大特点是“情趣”和“随手征引”。“情趣”使得他的文章有一种引人入胜的神韵，可以陶冶人的性情；“随手征引”源于周作人的博学，它不分雅俗，左右逢源，使文章极富知识性。     

“批评文体研究”笔谈——古代文论批评文体的文学性生成

按照西方近现代学术“分科治学”的规则，文学是文学，批评是批评，文学有文学的文体（抒情体或叙事体），批评有批评的文体（大抵是论说体）。但是，中国传统文论的批评文体常常不去论说而去叙事（如汉代的史传体批评）或抒情（如六朝的骈体批评和唐代的诗体批评）。中国传统文论的经典性文本如《文心雕龙》、《二十四诗品》、《沧浪诗话》、《人间词话》等等，从文体分类上考察都不属于论说体而是文学文体。如何看待中国文论批评文体的这种“破体”现象？或者说，如何评价中国文论批评文体的这种文学性或诗性特征？我认为：对这一问题的探讨，其意义不限于“批评文体”本身，而是可以为全球化时代中国传统文论的现代转换找到一种新的入思方式或新的理论突破口。     

周作人小品散文中的“情趣”和“随手征引”

周作人在现代散文史上的地位是因小品散文的成就而确立的。他的小品散文的最大特点是“情趣”和“随手征引”。“情趣”使得他的文章有一种引人入胜的神韵，可以陶冶人的性情；“随手征引”源于周作人的博学，它不分雅俗，左右逢源，使文章极富知识性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with