淀山湖地区晚第四纪孢粉及古环境研究

通过对淀山湖地区赵巷4井、淀峰1井等晚第四纪地层孢粉研究，划分出6个孢粉组合带，反映本地区植被演替与气候波动的6个阶段．自古至今依次是：第一阶段常绿阔叶、落叶阔叶混交林，反映气候温暖湿润(Q3^3-2)；第二阶段稀疏的针叶、落叶阔叶混交林，反映气候冷而稍湿(Q3^3-3)；第三阶段针叶、落叶阔叶混交林一草原，反映气候温和略湿(Q4^1)；第四阶段以常绿栎类为主的常绿阔叶林，反映气候热暖潮湿(相当于大西洋期，Q4^2)；第五阶段以栎、松、禾本科、水龙骨科为主的针叶、阔叶混交林，反映气候温暖略干(相当于亚北方期，Q4^2后期)；第六阶段以常绿栎类、落叶栎类、松为主的针、阔叶混交林-草原，反映气候温暖湿润(相当于亚大西洋期，Q4^3)．这种气候波动与世界性的气候变化相一致．     

崇明岛地区6500年以来植被、气候演化

崇明岛地区以前孢粉研究资料较少 ,通过对崇明岛北侧的CY孔作了高分辨率的孢粉研究 ,详细地划出了大西洋期以来的 9个孢粉组合带 ,并结合邻区钻孔孢粉资料研究 ,恢复了该区植被、气候演化的 7个阶段 .从大西洋中期起植被依次为 :中亚热带含落叶树的常绿阔叶林—中亚热带北缘常绿阔叶、落叶阔叶混交林—北亚热带北缘以松、栎为主的落叶阔叶、针叶混交林—中亚热带北缘常绿阔叶、落叶阔叶混交林—北亚热带常绿阔叶、落叶阔叶、针叶混交林—北亚热带北缘含常绿阔叶树的落叶阔叶、针叶混交林—北亚热带常绿阔叶、落叶阔叶、针叶混交林 .气候经历如下的波动 :热暖潮湿—暖热湿润—温和略干—温暖湿润—温暖略湿—温而略干—温暖湿润 ,这种气候的波动与世界性的气候变化相一致 ,而且与海平面变化相吻合 ,从而为该地区古植被、古气候、古环境的重建提供了丰富的孢粉学资料     

浙江长河盆地早第三纪孢粉组合特征及其地质意义

长河盆地21个钻孔的孢粉研究表明,其孢粉化石丰富。长河盆地早第三纪孢粉组合自下而上可分为4个孢粉带,从而推断了其地质时代并讨论了古植被演替和古气候变化. 1.长河群二段下部:上古新统一下始新统,以榆科占优势的针、阔叶混交林,为炎热稍干的热带—亚热带气候。2.长河群二段上部:中、上始新统,常录阔叶和落叶阔叶混交林或以被子植物占优势的针、阔叶混交林.当时为暖热湿润的南亚热带气候. 3.长河群三段:下渐新统,以杉科和杉科占优势的针、阔叶混交林,为温暖湿润的中亚热带气候. 4.长河群四段:中、上渐新统,以落叶阔叶为主的针、阔叶混交林,为温和湿润的北亚热带气候.     

合肥地区第四纪孢粉组合及古植被、古气候研究

本文孢粉组合是从合肥地区城建施工单位工程钻孔中获得。根据,木本、草本、和蕨类植物在钻孔剖面中的变化规律,分两个孢粉组合带。 第一组合带,木本植物占17.62％,乔木层中的落叶阔叶层片以栎、榆、桦为主要树种,针叶层片中以松属,油杉属为优势树种,蕨类植物与草本植物计占15—70％,以蕨类中的卷柏,紫萁,水龙骨及草本类的禾本科,菊科,蒿属,十字花科为草木本层中的主要成分,低洼的地沼水域中繁殖大量环纹藻。 第二组合带的第一亚组合,木本植物的属种明显下降,其含量则上升为38—94％乔木层非常单调,松属几乎独占了贫脊的山岗坡地,蕨类植物踪迹稀少,禾本科、毛莨科、蒿属,豆科等草本层散生于河谷岸边及低矮的坡地。 第二亚组合,木本植物占27—56％,乔木层中:针叶层片内以松属,油杉属为建群主要树种,落叶阔叶层片只占3.3—9.0％,栎、柳、胡桃、枫杨、榆、漆树等均有一定含量。蕨类和草本植物占2.5—14 5％,蕨类植物类型较少,水龙骨为植被中的常见物种,草本类以禾本科,毛莨科,蒿属为主,其它属种出现不多,这个阶段草本层仍不大兴旺。 以上两个组合带中末发现冷杉,云杉的踪影,桦属含量极低,植被反映为温湿或温凉的气候,因此两个组合不可能为晚冰期,其地层时代应晚于晚更新世,这样可确认合肥地区为全新世晚期,     

河北阜城地区晚第四纪孢粉组合及其古植被和古气候演替

通过对阜城地区阜101孔孢粉研究,划分出三个孢粉组合带,从孢粉组合特征清楚地反映出阜城地区自晚第四纪以来古植被、古气候的三个演替阶段。自下而上依次是:1.晚更新世是以松、冷杉、云杉为建群种的针、阔叶混交林-草原,此时气候冷而稍干。2.全新世中期是以松、栎、榆、桦占优势的针、阔叶混交林,为温暖、湿润的气候。3.全新世晚期是以蒿、藜、松和桦为主的疏林-草原,此时气候温凉、略干与现代相近。     

宜昌大老岭表土孢粉组合与植被及环境因子的关系分析

通过对宜昌大老岭自然保护区不同海拔的16个表土样品孢粉分析,结合植被调查研究该地现代表土孢粉组合与植被的关系.结果表明,大老岭常绿与落叶阔叶混交林、针阔叶混交林孢粉组合中,针叶乔木的松属呈超代表性,铁杉呈适中的代表性;落叶阔叶乔木以栎属为优势成分,具高代表性,蔷薇科、桦木属、鹅耳枥属、胡桃属、水青冈属具有适中的代表性;青冈属代表性适中,杜鹃花科、忍冬科呈现低代表性,草本禾本科、菊科蒿属在山区的代表性差异明显;蕨类普遍具有超代表性,孢粉组合基本反映了现生亚热带北缘山区针阔叶混交林的主要植被特征.受花粉自身特点、小生境与人类活动的影响,花粉组合与植被类型存在一定的偏差.主成分分析(PCA)结果表明,影响大老岭孢粉科属变化的主要环境因子是温度.表土花粉E/D值(常绿阔叶乔木/落叶阔叶乔木)随着海拔的升高而降低,反映了山地植被中常绿阔叶乔木减少、落叶阔叶乔木增多的变化趋势.     

贵州安顺小黑土晚更新世古植被和古气候

小黑土剖面是黔中高原岩溶化盆地剖面,深390cm,未达基岩.采样71块,获孢粉17769粒,有71个科属,以本本花粉为主,其次为草本花粉,蕨类孢子较少.自下而上划分为二个孢粉组合带.反映出古植被变化为落叶阔叶树为主的常绿、落叶针阔叶混交林,附近山地有松林及云杉林一常绿、落叶针阔叶混交林及喜冷湿的莎草较多.古气候变化由温凉一温暧偏凉湿.其地质时代,经~(14)C测定,孔深390cm处为24500±1800a.B.P.;深310cm处为21260a.B.P.,属晚更新世.     

陕北黄土高原晚更新世以来环境变迁的初步探讨(续)

二、全新世以来的环境变迁陕北高原全新世的环境仍在继续发展变化。根据对相邻的陇西、陇中全新世黄土孢粉组合的分析〔11〕,下黑垆土(C~(14)年龄8550±300)孢粉以草原植被为主,属于冷气候;上黑垆土(C~(14)年龄7360±250)以桦属、鹅耳桦、松属为主,反映气候温暖湿润,     

上海马桥遗址先人生活的古地理环境

上海马桥遗址经多次发掘，取得了很多成果．本次采集了2005年发掘的05MMT4探方样品，进行孢粉、藻类研究．根据孢粉、藻类成分特征，划分出了3个孢粉组合带．它们分别是：1带是以常绿栎-禾本科-香蒲属-松属-水龙骨科-环纹藻为主孢粉带；2带是以环纹藻-常绿栎-槐叶萍-水龙骨科-香蒲属-禾本科为主孢粉带；3带是以松属-柳属-常绿栎-藜科-蕨属-水龙骨科-环纹藻为主孢粉带．恢复了当时古植被和古地理环境．并对马桥先人的生活环境、农耕发展作了探讨，为上海地区文化发展及文明化进程提供了十分宝贵的新资料．     

杭嘉湖平原全新世沉积的孢粉组合及其意义

本文通过对杭嘉湖平原六个钻孔的全新世沉积的孢粉分析,揭示了本区全新世沉积的六个孢粉组合,它们自下而上分别为:(1)松属、栎属、禾本科孢粉组合;(2)栎属、松属、禾本科孢粉组合;(3)青刚栎属、栲属、栎属、藜科孢粉组合;(4)松属、栎属、禾本科、藜科孢粉组合;(5)栎属、青刚栎属、栲属,禾本科孢粉组合(6)栎属、禾本科、水龙骨科孢粉组合。这六个孢粉组合反映了本地区全新世时期存在着六个古植被演变阶段和相应的六次气候波动,为本地区全新世地层划分提供了重要依据。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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