离子注入钯玻碳电极上硝基苯在非水介质中的电化学行为

用循环伏安法在离子注入钯的玻碳电极上,研究了硝基苯(NB)在非水介质0.1mol/LKClO4+DMF溶液中的电化学行为,通过AES测量了离子注入电极的表面组成和各元素的浓度-深度分布,在40keV下,剂量为1×1017离子/cm2的钯注入到玻璃碳(GC)中可产生钯原子最高百分含量为20%的近表面区,GC注入钯后NB的电化学还原会产生中毒现象,用现场ESR与电化学方法联用检测到NB的单电子还原产物硝基苯阴离子自由基,根据实验结果讨论了NB电化学还原的机理.     

基于空壳钯和纳米金修饰的过氧化氢无酶传感器的研究

制备并表征了空壳钯纳米粒子,将空壳钯纳米粒子和金纳米粒子修饰在玻碳电极(GC)表面,构建了新型的过氧化氢无酶传感器.通过循环伏安等电化学方法研究了修饰电极的电化学特性,结果表明:Pd/AuNPs/GC对过氧化氢(H2O2)的电极反应具有催化作用,空壳钯和纳米金在催化过氧化氢还原过程中表现出了良好的协同作用.过氧化氢的浓度在2216μmol/L(R=0.9993)范围内,与修饰电极的电流之间呈现出良好的线性关系,检测限为0.2μmol/L(S/N=3).该传感器具有较好的稳定性、重现性、抗干扰性.     

Co/GC离子注入修饰电极的制备及表征

用离子注入法在玻碳表面注入钴制备了钴离子注入修饰电极 (Co/GC) ,用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和俄歇电子能谱 (AES)等表面分析手段对Co/GC电极表面的元素组成和元素深度分布进行了表征 .在环丙氟哌酸 (CIF)溶液中 ,用线性扫描伏安法 (LSV)对Co/GC电极的催化活性进行了初步研究 .     

在Co2+注入修饰电极上米托蒽醌的电化学行为及其应用

米托蒽醌(MX)在0.005mol*L-1 Tris-0.05mol*L-1 NaCl (pH7.1)缓冲溶液中, 在Co离子注入玻碳修饰电极(Co/GCE)上,有一灵敏的伏安还原峰,峰电位为-0.68V,峰电流与MX的浓度在1.8×10-7～9.0×10-6 mol*L-1 间呈线性关系,检出限为9.0×10-8 mol*L-1.将该法用于病人尿样的测定,回收率为94.6%～105.7%. 用线性扫描和循环伏安法研究该体系的电化学行为和电催化.实验表明,体系为不可逆过程.Co/GCE上的电流比GC电极的大,扫速对催化效率的影响实验证明,存在着催化作用.X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和俄歇电子能谱(AES)实验表明,Co确实被注入在GC表面,注入的Co催化了MX的还原.     

Co／GC离子注入修饰电极的制备及表征

用离子注入法在玻碳表面注入钴制备了钴离子注入修饰电极（Co/GC），用X射线光电子能谱（XPS）和俄歇电子能谱（AES）等表面分析手段对Co/GC电极表面的元素组成和元素深度分布进行了表征。在环丙氟哌 酸（CIF）溶液中，用线性扫描伏安法（LSV）对Co/GC电极的催化活性进行了初步研究。     

钯取代Dawson型钨磷杂多酸聚吡咯薄膜修饰电极的制备及其电化学性能

通过缺位填充法合成了分子式为α2-K8[P2W17PdⅡOH2]O61的钯(Ⅱ)取代Dawson型十八钨磷酸盐.在玻碳电极(GC)上,用电化学方法将单取代Dawson型杂多酸盐α2-K8[P2W17PdⅡOH2]O61的阴离子(P2W17Pd)掺杂到聚吡咯(PPy)薄膜中制成P2W17Pd/PPy/GC化学修饰电极,实验观察到一对氧化还原峰,归属于P2W17Pd中的钯原子.P2W17Pd/PPy/GC既保持该杂多酸的电化学活性和电催化性能,又具有良好的稳定性和灵敏度.研究表明,0.10mol·L-1H     

三价铬还原电沉积机理

采用循环伏安法、极化曲线、恒电流阶跃、交流阻抗等电化学方法研究了Cr3 在氯化物/N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)体系中的阴极还原机理.研究结果表明:Cr3 阴极还原分两步进行,其中第1步为不可逆过程,第2步为准可逆过程;反应无前置转化过程;Cr3 还原的极化曲线符合Tafel方程;Cr3 还原受电化学控制;Cr3 在还原过程中,电活性中间产物在电极表面吸附,随溶液浓度增大,Cr3 的扩散系数减小,但电活性中间产物在电极表面的饱和吸附量却随之增大.     

甲氨蝶呤在Co/GC离子注入修饰超微电极上的电化学行为

甲氨蝶呤 (MTX)在 0 0 0 5mol·L-1 Tris 0 0 5mol·L-1 NaCl(pH7 12 )缓冲溶液中 ,用Co/GC离子注入修饰超微电极进行伏安测定 ,得到一良好的还原峰 ,峰电位Ep=- 0 978V(vs.SCE) .峰电流ip 与MTX的浓度在 8 0× 10 -8～ 9 6× 10 -6mol·L-1 范围内成线性关系 ,检出限为1 0× 10 -8mol·L-1 .基于此建立了测定MTX的新方法 .用于市售药片测定 ,回收率在 98 9%～10 6 2 %之间 .用线性扫描和循环伏安法研究了体系的电化学行为及电极反应机理 .实验表明 ,MTX的还原为不可逆吸附过程 ,并伴随 2个电子参与电极反应 .经扫速对催化效率的影响实验证明体系存在催化作用     

Staphylococcus saprophyticus JJ-1协同所合成的钯纳米颗粒还原邻氯硝基苯

研究细菌合成纳米颗粒原位还原硝基苯类污染物,为废水中有机物的去除提供参考和思路.首先利用Staphylococcu. saprophyticus JJ-1还原氯钯酸钠合成生物钯纳米颗粒(Bio-Pd NPs),采用一系列表征技术对所合成的Bio-Pd纳米颗粒的形貌、尺寸、晶型进行分析.进一步,利用"S. saprophyticus JJ-1/Bio-Pd"复合体系,还原转化邻氯硝基苯(O-Chloronitrobenzene,2-CNB),利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)和高效液相色谱仪(HPLC)对2-CNB的还原途径和还原产物进行分析.结果表明,S. saprophyticus JJ-1能够合成Bio-Pd NPs,并于所合成的Bio-Pd NPs协同作用催化邻氯硝基苯的还原. GC-MS分析显示,邻氯硝基苯的还原产物为邻氯苯胺、硝基苯以及苯胺,说明在此体系下既可以实现硝基还原又可以进行脱氯反应. HPLC对邻氯硝基苯及其还原产物的定量分析显示,邻氯苯胺、硝基苯为中间产物,苯胺为最终产物.此外,研究结果表明,为建立还原2-CNB的"S. saprophyticus JJ-1/Bio-Pd"复合体系,最适的氯钯酸钠浓度为0.2 mmol/L,邻氯硝基苯的浓度上限不应超过0.6 mmol/L. S. saprophyticus JJ-1能够快速的合成Bio-Pd NPs,并于所合成的Bio-Pd NPs构成协同体系,很好地催化邻氯硝基苯(2-CNB)的还原转化.     

硝基苯在纳米-γ-氧化铝修饰电极上的电还原特性

研究了硝基苯在纳米-γ-氧化铝修饰电极上的电化学行为,讨论了修饰剂用量、支持电解质溶液及其酸度、扫描速率、静置时间等因素对硝基苯电还原特性的影响,探讨了硝基苯在中性电解质溶液中的电还原机理.实验结果表明:纳米-γ-氧化铝修饰电极能显著提高硝基苯的还原峰电流,在-0.6～0 V电位范围内,硝基苯在该修饰电极上有一对准可逆氧化还原峰,随着pH增加,硝基苯的还原峰电位朝负电位方向移动.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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