四川省道孚地区第四纪湖积剖面孢粉组合特征及古植被、古气候重建

通过对道孚县第四纪湖积剖面孢粉样分析,根据样品中孢粉百分含量的变化和种类的不同将其划分出3个组合带,并依次论述了其组合特征;另外根据孢粉组合特征分析了该区49.2万a以来的古植被、古气候的变迁与演化。结果表明,该区古植被、古气候经历了3个阶段的演化。     

黄土高原全新世孢粉古植被地方性分异研究

在利用剖面孢粉数据准确恢复古植被类型时,存在较大的地方性差异,本文选取岐山、西峰、耀县、秦安、定西、宝鸡等不同位置、不同地貌类型的几个剖面全新世孢粉资料,利用孢粉百分含量与浓度数据,通过对比统计,得出剖面孢粉组合的地方分异性特征.建议为准确恢复古植被类型,应依据本剖面的孢粉资料分析结果,并考虑大的气候背景条件和具体地点的地理位置,地貌类型等小环境因素决定的地域性规律,来修正古植被类型.     

陕西关中黄土地层中第一层古土壤的孢粉组合及其意义

通过陕西省武功尚家坡和蓝田段家坡两个黄土剖面中的第一层古土壤不同发生层段的孢粉分析,发现古土壤粘化层为孢粉稀少带,淋溶层为孢粉相对丰富带。枫杨(Pterocarya)、山毛榉(Fagus)、石松(Lycopodium)以及大量环纹藻(Concentric-ystes)等孢子和花粉在淋溶层中的存在,证明关中地区第一层古土壤形成时期(距今约10～11万年)的气候温暖湿润,年平均温度14～16℃,年平均降水量在800mm以上。     

西安半坡遗址全新世古气候环境的探讨

目的 讨论最近10000年来的植被和环境，制定治理黄土高原及其水土流失的战略方针，预测未来黄土高原的气候变化。方法 通过对西安半坡遗址大围沟剖面的地质调查、密集采样和孢粉分析，讨论该区植被的演替。结果 论证了全新世古气候环境的特征，总结了早、中、晚全新世在该区发育的植被及其所代表的气候环境。从该剖面17个样品中分析出了大量孢粉，做出了黄土地层的孢粉图式。据该剖面上孢粉组合变化的分析，得出了全新世的植被与相应的气候在时间上的演变与空间上的分布范围。结论 中全新世气候温暖湿润；晚全新世温凉干旱。     

塬堡黄土剖面15万年以来磁化率气候记录及黄土磁化率…

将塬堡剖面１５万年以一的黄土磁化率率气候记录与其它气候记录信息如孢粉，有机质含量，粒度，ＣａＣＯ３含量进行了对比，其结果十分吻合。文章还运用吕厚远的黄土磁化率关于降水，温度的回归方程推算塬堡地区的古温度，古降水，其结果也为较理想。     

武汉地区网纹层的若干问题

根据大量钻孔和开挖剖面的资料,对武汉地区网纹层的剖面特征、物质组成、孢粉组合、成因以及其与新构造运动的关系,作了初步的论述。     

基于孢粉植物类群气候区间的全新世东北地区气候变化

通过数字化东北地区内七个样点剖面(包括赤池、同江、月亮湖、四海龙湾、柳河哈尼湖、麦里和霍拉剖面)的孢粉百分含量数据,截取东亚孢粉数据库资料中部分科属花粉的百分含量对应的年均温和年均降水量区间,利用气候区间法重建剖面多个数据点的年均温与年降水量.得出距今0～3 000 a,七个样点中以霍拉剖面为代表的大兴安岭北部年均温最低,温度范围为-5.3℃～-1.1℃,长白山区柳河哈尼湖年均温最高,温度范围为-4.1℃～13℃;降水量最低为辽西地区的麦里剖面,年均降水量为100 mm左右,柳河哈尼湖剖面降水量较其他样点较充沛,年均降水量在960～620 mm之间.偏东部的长白山地区对季风的响应相比季风/非季风过渡带早1 000 a左右.     

浙江天目山地区几个剖面孢粉分析及古气候意义

第四纪以来,天目山是否存在过冰川,笔者进行了实地考察,并进行了室内孢粉分析。门口剖面红色亚粘土砾石层以Quercus—Castanea—Rhus一legumino-sae为主的孢粉组合,为温暖的阔叶落叶林带。“之江层”的紫红色一黄灰色砂砾层岩则为Pinus—Quercus—Juglans—leguminofae为主的孢粉组合,反映温暖的针阔叶林。     

河南洛阳寺河南剖面中全新世以来的孢粉分析及环境变化

对河南洛阳寺河南剖面进行的高分辨率的孢粉分析表明,该地区中全新世以来的孢粉组合以草本植物占绝对优势。其中以蒿属（Artemisia）最为丰富,其次为禾本科（Gramineae）和藜科（Chinopodiaceae）。乔木花粉含量较少,以松属（Pinus）为主。根据孢粉组合的变化,将剖面划分为5个孢粉组合带。早期（7.235～7.380 aBP）气候较为寒冷干燥,缺少乔木花粉。随着全新世大暖期的到来,在Ⅱ孢粉带上乔木花粉大量出现,种类丰富。尤其5.625～6.120 aBP期间出现了很多喜暖树种,是中全新世以来气候最好的时期。在4.580～5.625 aBP期间,乔木花粉急剧减少,表明气候发生恶化。随着气候的逐渐好转,乔木花粉在Ⅳ孢粉带（3.090～4.580 aBP）上重新出现,但喜暖树种较少。3.090 aBP以后出现较多的禾本科花粉,可能和该地区人类活动的增强相关。     

近2000年来太白山高山带不同海拔植被对气候变化的响应

根据西佛爷池(海拔3410 m)剖面的有机地球化学指标, 重建太白山高山带过去2000年的气候变化。对采自该剖面的样品进行孢粉分析, 并结合太白山跑马梁(海拔3556 m)、三清池(海拔3080 m)和芳香寺(海拔3000 m)剖面的孢粉数据, 进行聚类分析, 探讨高山带不同海拔植被对气候变化响应规律。结果表明, 不同海拔植被对相对冷干气候的响应有更好的一致性, 且林线过渡带内这种一致性更明显。随着现代升温期的到来, 植被对气候的响应主要受高程影响。研究结果可为认识晚全新世以来高山环境系统的气候?植被耦合关系提供一定的参考。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that