清肺消炎丸平喘作用机制研究

清肺消炎丸是治疗哮喘的中药复方制剂,临床应用疗效显著,但作用机理方面的研究尚不够深入.采用β2肾上腺素受体激动剂筛选及评价体系分别对清肺消炎丸及处方中的八味中药材进行了活性筛选,其中中药麻黄显示了较高的β2受体激动剂活性;进一步采用豚鼠离体气管收缩和组胺引喘的活体动物实验观察药麻黄、清肺消炎丸及麻黄阴性药物的平喘作用,发现清肺消炎丸的平喘作用均强于含有同浓度麻黄碱的麻黄药材.研究结果表明:清肺消炎丸发挥平喘药理活性的主要物质基础为中药麻黄中的麻黄碱.处方中的其它味药材能够增强麻黄激动β2受体的能力,药物之间具有良好的协同作用关系.     

不同激素配比培养基条件下麻黄愈伤组织鲜重增长量和相对生长速率的变化

在5种不同激素配比培养基条件下,测定了组织培养过程中诱导出的草麻黄和中麻黄愈伤组织的鲜重增长量,计算了相对生长速率。结果表明,在不同激素配比培养基条件下,麻黄愈伤组织的鲜重增长量和相对生长速率有所不同;麻黄愈伤组织的发生需要一定配比的生长素和激素共同协同作用。     

中药现代化研究与分析化学

1.中药现代化的难点问题对分析化学研究提出的挑战.中药现代化研究在中国又一次形成热潮.实际上,在我国采用现代化学和药理方法来研究中药始于20世纪20年代.1923年,我国学者陈克恢等对麻黄、当归进行了系统化学成分和药理研究,发现麻黄中提得的麻黄碱具有肾上腺素类似作用,其作用较温和持久.     

HPLC指纹图谱结合反向传播人工神经网络和判别分析鉴定不同的麻黄药材

采用HPLC-UV测定36个麻黄药材的指纹图谱,应用化学计量学进行图谱预处理和数据预处理,建立并验证不同种类、不同产地和不同采摘时间的麻黄药材的反向传播人工神经网络(back-propagation artificial neural network,BP-ANN)和判别分析(discriminant analysis,DA)判别模型.研究结果显示,所建BP-ANN模型的预测准确率为83.3％～94.4％、DA模型的性能指标为82.8％～88.5％,可见所建方法能有效判别不同种类、不同产地和不同采摘时间的麻黄药材.该方法基于麻黄药材物质基础的整体性质,判断客观,为其他药材的分析提供了参考.     

麻黄附子细辛汤刍议

麻黄附子细辛汤为《伤寒论》中治疗少阴病要方.方中麻黄发越阳气,附子温补通运阳气,细辛配合附子通达阳气,全方融温补阳气、通达阳气、发越阳气,包括阳气产生、运送、敷布全过程的"全阳之剂".主治证候为阴寒内盛、阳气虚衰,布达不畅.临床可根据具体情况调整用量和药物比例     

降低生产麻黄碱废水污染的工艺研究

为解决麻黄碱生产工艺的废水中色泽、COD值、pH值、悬浮物严重超标和提高中草药麻黄资源的利用率,降低原材料消耗,对单纯提取麻黄碱的生产工艺改造为同时提取麻黄多糖和麻黄卟啉,讨论了工艺生产的可行性及经济效益。     

采用气相色谱-质谱法分析药对麻黄-羌活的挥发油

采用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)法分离测定了药对麻黄-羌活、单味药麻黄和羌活的挥发油,并对其重叠色谱峰采用化学计量学解析法进行了分辨,得到药对和各单味药的纯色谱曲线和质谱。药对麻黄-羌活、单味药麻黄和羌活分辨出的色谱峰,通过质谱库对其进行定性,分别得到58,51和52个定性结果,占总含量的83.75%,88.70%和80.79%。实验结果表明:药对麻黄-羌活中挥发油化学成分有40种来自羌活,13种来自麻黄,新产生了10种化合物。     

麻黄苗期水分特性初探

用兰州大学生产的ZLZ-4型植物水势仪测定水势,利用美国拉哥公司(LI-COR)制造的LI-6400便携式光合作用系统测定了麻黄的蒸腾速率,分析结果表明:麻黄水势较低,平均为-4.5MP,与梭梭相近,低于所研究的其它15种植物.日变化在-4至-5MP之间,变化曲线比较平缓.麻黄蒸腾速率基本呈单峰型,上午7时最低,下午13时最高,14时有所下降,15时又达到一个高峰值,随即开始稳定下降.19时达到一个较低值.     

石羊河下游珍稀濒危植物资源现状与保护对策

通过开展实地调查,确定石羊河下游珍稀濒危植物主要有发菜、裸果木、绵刺、肉苁蓉、沙冬青、蒙古扁桃、沙拐枣、中麻黄、斑子麻黄、草麻黄、甘草、梭梭、胡杨、阿拉善单刺蓬等14种.综合分析了石羊河流域内由于工农业生产迅速发展,对水资源的需求大幅度增长,使流入下游的水量大幅度减少,导致下游极度缺水,植物死亡严重.该地区属贫困荒漠地区,受生态意识较低及经济利益的驱动,人类活动极其频繁,对自然生态环境的破坏和森林植被的破坏极为严重,一些经济价值和使用价值较高的植物极度退化,致使其成为稀有、濒危物种.本论述对石羊河下游珍稀濒危植物的保护对策作了初步探讨.     

麻黄属2种植物的核型研究

采用光学显微镜观察果麻横 （Ephedra przewalskii Stapf）、草麻黄（E.sinica Stapf）的染色体,按全国第一次植物染色体学术讨论会建议的标准进行核型分析,研究结果表明,膜果麻黄的体细胞染色体数目2n＝14,核型2n＝14＝6n 8sm,草麻黄的体染色体数目2n＝28,核型公式2n＝4x＝28＝26m＋2st。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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