La2/3Sr1/3MnO3/NiFe2O4复合多晶材料的磁电阻效应

用化学共沉淀法制备了NiFe2O4粉体样品,采用溶胶-凝胶(sol-gel)法制备了La2/3Sr1/3MnO3的多晶样品.用无压烧结制备了名义组分为(La2/3 Sr1/3MnO3)1-x(NiFe2O4)x(x=0,0.05,0.10,0.20)的多晶样品.在1.8×107A/m磁场作用下,当x=0时,样品的磁电阻随温度几乎成线性变化;当x=0.10时,样品在335 K时出现峰值,磁电阻值达35%.     

Cu低掺杂对La0.7Ca0.3MnO3电阻及磁电阻的影响

用溶胶凝胶法制备了Cu低掺杂的La0.7Ca0.3Mn1-xCuxO3(x=0%,1%,2%,3%,4%,5%)系列多晶材料.采用振动样品磁强计测量了系列样品的热磁曲线并获得了相应的居里温度,实验结果表明居里温度随着Cu掺杂量的增加而减少.在77~350 K温度范围内测量了样品的电阻和磁电阻,结果表明样品电阻率与温度的关系均具有明显的电阻峰结构.当x=5%时,开始出现双电阻峰结构;掺杂量x为1%,2%,3%,5%的样品在外场为0.4 T时存在较大的磁电阻极大值,分别为30.5%,25.4%,22.4%,18.8%,均大于未掺杂(x=0%)的13.5%.双交换(DE)模型简单地解释了Cu低掺杂对电阻及磁电阻行为的影响.     

类钙钛矿化合物Ca(Mn3-xCux)Mn4O12的磁电阻效应

在常压和较低温度(1073K)下利用溶胶-凝胶法制备了成分为Ca(Mn3-xCux)Mn4O12的化合物,X射线衍射图表明当x≤1.5时化合物呈单一钙钛矿相.所有样品均未观测到金属-绝缘体转变,但随成份的改变有反铁磁-铁磁转变发生.它们的磁电阻随温度呈线性变化系.对x＝1.5的样品,在77K和3T磁场下的磁电阻可达37%.     

Fe掺杂对La0.67Sr0.33CoO3磁电性质的影响

通过磁性、电子输运和磁电阻等性质的测量,我们研究了La0.67Sr0.33CoO3的Fe掺杂效应.发现当Fe掺杂直到x=0.3时,样品的结构没有明显变化,但掺杂将降低居里温度Te和磁化强度M.电阻率在低掺杂(x≤0.1)时显示金属性输运行为,而在高掺杂(x=0.2和0.3)时则显示半导体行为.而且,Fe掺杂削弱了居里温度Te处的MR峰值,但增加了低温下(T≤Te)的MR值.La0.67Sr0.33CoO3的Fe掺杂效应和磁电阻的起源可由外加磁场导致的自旋态转变来解释.     

温度及锌含量对钴锌铁氧体薄膜的影响

采用柠檬酸溶胶-凝胶法制备了锌含量x=0.1~0.4的钴锌铁氧体薄膜.X射线衍射结果表明,所有样品均为单一的尖晶石结构,样品的晶化温度较低,晶粒尺寸在12~36 nm之间.样品的晶格常数随锌含量的不同有少许变化.磁测量显示,样品的比饱和磁化强度随锌含量的不同变化显著,这是由Zn2+在尖晶石结构中的占位引起的.变温磁测量显示,样品的居里温度随锌含量的增加而降低.     

非晶态Fe91-xLaxZr9合金的制备与磁热效应

采用电弧熔炼和真空电磁感应甩带方法制备了Fe91-xLaxZr9(x=1,3,5,10)系列非晶合金,研究了该非晶合金的磁性和磁热效应.X-射线衍射结果显示,样品的形成主要为非晶态合金.非晶态Fe81La10Zr9合金的磁熵变随温度变化的曲线表明,外场为1.5T时样品最大等温磁熵变为0.8J/(kg.K),半峰宽对应的温度变化范围为245～285K.     

复合体系AgδLa0.60Sr0.40-xAgx-δMnO3的磁电阻效应

采用溶胶-凝胶法(sol-gel)制备了名义组分为AgδLa0.60Sr0.40-xAgx-δMnO3的多晶样品.研究发现,用Ag+替代Sr2+后,样品的居里温度降至室温附近,并且室温磁电阻比替代前明显增大.在1.8T的磁场下,x=0.30的样品在289K时,Rm=17.0%,因此提高了室温时样品的磁电阻.     

Sm替代对DyMn6Ge6化合物磁性和磁电阻效应的影响

利用X射线衍射和磁化强度测量,研究了Dy1-xSMxMn6Ge6(x=0.2～1.0)化合物的磁性和输运性质.结果表明x≤0.4的样品主要由HfFe6Ge6型相构成;0.6≤x≤1.0的样品主要由YCo6Ge6型相构成.样品的点阵常数和单胞体积随着Sm含量的增加而增大,随着Sm含量的增加,样品发生反铁磁-亚铁磁-铁磁性转变.x=0.2,0.4的样品为反铁磁性,其奈尔温度分别为425,430K,并在50K下发生二次磁相转变.x=0.6,0.8,1.0的样品在磁场高达5T下的磁电阻曲线上的拐点可能是由于磁场对费米面的影响,也可能是由于磁矩和洛仑兹力对传导电子散射作用之间竞争的结果.     

La0．7Ca0．3Mn1-xCuxO3的电输运特性

通过固相反应法制备不同掺杂浓度的La0.7Ca0.3Mn1-xCuxO3(x=0～0.15)样品, 在77～300 K温度范围内测量了铜掺杂后样品电阻随温度的变化关系.结果表明, 在未引入铜杂质时, 低温铁磁相的电阻率满足T 2.5关系, 顺磁相符合小极化子近邻跳跃模型;在低掺杂下, 铁磁区可用T 4.5关系解释;随着掺杂浓度的增加, 在铁磁区和顺磁区, 任何单一模型均与实验不相符, 表明高掺杂样品的电输运性质存在未知模型.     

高掺杂La0.7-xDyxSr0.3MnO3体系特殊的磁现象

研究了Dy的高掺杂La_0.7-xDy_xSr_0.3MnO₃(0.40≤x≤0.70)体系的磁性, 随x 增加体系表现出复杂的磁化强度-温度(M-T )关系: 对x = 0.40的样品, 低于TN时存在AFM相变, 高于T_N时ZFC和FC的M-T曲线表现出典型的自旋团簇玻璃态行为; 对x = 0.50的样品, 低于T_N时FC的M-T曲线出现负的磁化率, 而ZFC的M-T曲线出现一个谷, 且谷值为正; 对x = 0.60和0.70样品, 两者ZFC的M-T曲线类似于x = 0.50样品, 但FC的M-T曲线没有出现负值. 这些奇特现象被Néel的双格子模型结合典型温度下的磁化强度-温度关系很好的解释, 分子场理论对x= 0.50样品负的磁化率给予很好的拟合.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-