制图课教学与制图能力培养

在现代化生产中,各种机器、设备和工程设施都需要通过图样来表达设计意图,并根据图样来组织生产、施工,进行技术交流。凡从事工程技术工作的人员都必须很好地掌握这方面的基本理论、基本方法和技能。制图课是工科院校设计制造、管理等专业一门重要的技木基础课,它为从事工程技术工作的学生培养初步的制图能力。笔者根据教学实践谈谈在制图课教学中如何培养学生制图能力。     

抗震设计中地震响应设计方法的探讨和研究

本文通过印度某工程V区（相当于国内8度强）燃煤火力发电厂工程主厂房钢结构的设计实例,从设计基本假定、设计原则和计算结果等方面,简要介绍了地震响应中的线弹性时程分析法在抗震设计工程中的应用和计算方法,并对线弹性时程分析法和工程中常用的地震加速度反应谱法进行了分析和比较,结论意见可作为工程技术人员在高烈度区钢结构的设计参考。     

最优化方法在求解化工系统优化问题中的应用及局限性

本文通过实例探讨了某些最优化方法用于求解化工过程具体优化问题时的局限性。指出工程技术问题不能接受的某些假设和简化使最优化方法难于获得实际应用。只有加强从事化工生产实践的工程技术人员和从事化工系统工程、化工应用数学、计算机应用软件研究人员的密切协作才有可能将各种最优化方法真正用于求解化工过程各类具体优化问题。     

工程八面体图示方法的研究

针对美国《工程设计制图杂志》难题角中工程八面作的图示难题，利用工业设计美学原则中的黄金比例方法，准确地做出了它的基本视图，并作了几何证明。     

运用三维软件对《工程制图》教学方法改革浅析

总结了传统工程制图教学的不足,运用三维软件进行《工程制图》教学方法改革,详细阐述了SolidWorks软件在工程制图教学中的具体应用,根据作者在教学过程的反复实践证明,恰到好处的多媒体与三维软件会达到良好的教学效果。     

《工程制图》教学方法的探讨

在分析工程制图教学特点,学习难点的基础上,探讨了提高学生学习积极性,改善教学效果的方法.通过<工程制图>在相关课程中的应用,证明这种方法是有效的.     

碎片化工程制图课程资源的建设与研究

在分析现有工程制图课程教学模式与辅助教学资源的基础上,参考国家级精品资源共享课、慕课、微课的设计理念,提出了碎片化工程制图课程资源的建设与研究课题.对应工程制图的知识模块,将优选出的习题解题过程案例制作成视频,并上传至视频网站,供学习者通过手机扫码即可观看学习.碎片化工程制图视频资源,不仅有助于学生巩固知识,提高学习效果与兴趣,也可为社会人员随时随地充电学习提供方便,符合当今生活忙碌的特点.     

工程制图教学与现代形式构图原理的联系──兼论工程制图的创新

重点论述了现代形式构图原理与工程制图的联系，同时对造型形式美学在工程制图中的渗透进行了探讨。     

《工程制图》教学改革探讨

工程图样是工程技术人员表达和交流技术思想的重要技术“语言”。工程制图课主要学习如何绘制和阅读工程图样，对于初学者来说，会感到学习难度大、难以准确的变换思维。本文从几个方面探讨了制图教学改革的办法，并说明的改革的结果。     

压密注浆技术在地基基础处理中的应用

通过注浆原理分析并结合工程实际应用,介绍了压密注浆技术在深基础加固中的处理和检测方法,供有关工程技术人员在工程应用中参考。     

Research and design of the main equipments and structure of Xiangjiaba shiplift

The type of pinion and rack vertical shiplifts has been developed in recent a couple of years in the construction of dams. But the design methods and methodologies have rarely been discussed in literature. The Xiangjiaba shiplift is the second shiplift of this type following the Three Gorges shiplift. Being aimed at the technological rationality of the design in synthetically considering security, economy and applicability, this paper presents the research results of some vital issues relating the design of the Xiangjiaba shiplift, including the determination of design water depth of ship chamber based on fluid numeral computation and physical model test, the optimum design of general layout of main equipments and the civil structure of the Xiangjiaba shiplift, the finite element method （FEM） analysis of stress, vibration modes and the buckling of ship chamber, antiseismic research and the design of structures and mechanisms of the shiplift and the optimum design of driving mechanisms. This research provides the theoretical basis for the design of the Xiangjiaba shiplift. The design principles and research methods are valuable for the design of the same type of shiplifts.     

Feasibility study of the transient electromagnetic method for chamber blasting misfire detection and recognition

In this paper, transient electromagnetic method was used to carry out the feasibility study on the de- tection and recognition of chamber blasting misfire. Firstly, an electromagnetic background field was estab- lished in the test; secondly, a benign conductor was preset in the chamber, and then the background field was eliminated after the electromagnetic field was measured; thirdly, the transient electromagnetic field was mea- sured again after blasting; at last, the chamber blasting misfire was detected and recognized by comparing the change of eddy current field of the preset benign conductor before and after blasting. The test results showed that： When the buried depth of aluminum box target was no more than 30 m, transient electromagnetic method can clearly identify the position of the aluminum box; when the buried depth of aluminum box was more than 30 m, the buried depth and position of the aluminum box was not sure due to the unknown level of secondary eddy current field generated by aluminum box     

Zircon U-Pb dating and Lu-Hf isotope study of intermediate-mafic sub-volcanic and intrusive rocks in the Lishui Basin in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River

Eight Mesozoic sub-volcanic and intrusive rocks in the Lishui Basin have been selected for zircon U-Pb dating and Lu-Hf isotopic analysis. The Laohutou, Datongshan,Daweizhuang, Yeshanao, Yanwaqiao, Xibeishan, Changshantou and Jianshan porphyrites yield concordant early Cretaceous ages of 130.5 ± 1.6 Ma, 136.0 ± 3.4 Ma, 132.7 ±2.7 Ma, 127.0 ± 1.9 Ma, 129.4 ± 1.7 Ma, 133.2 ± 2.1 Ma,131.1 ± 2.3 Ma and 127.4 ± 1.8 Ma, respectively. Zircon eHf(t) values for these rocks range from-3.54 to-9.11, mostly between-3.54 and-5.93, suggesting sources similar to those for coeval igneous rocks in other volcanic basins along the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River. Considering the geochemical characteristics of coeval magmatic rocks in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River and its adjacent areas, this paper proposes a model of slab rollback to explain the Mesozoic magmatism in the east-central part of China continent. In the middle-late Jurassic to early Cretaceous(170–135 Ma), the Pacific plate started to subduct beneath the Eurasian continent, producing a compressive tectonic setting,and magmatism progressed from coast to the inland. The magmas of this period were derived mostly from partial melting of ancient crust. After *135 Ma, the subduction weakened, and the rollback of the subducted Pacific plate produced an extensional environment. This led to the formation of volcanic basins, the partial melting of enriched mantle sources and less ancient crust, and the intrusion of voluminous intermediate-mafic igneous rocks.     

Anomalous top-quark coupling effects in rare B and K decays

The Large Hadron Collider at CERN is performing direct searches for top-quark anomalous flavor-changing neutral current （FCNC） processes. However, these processes may be correlated closely with the low-energy rare B and K meson decays. In this paper, we review the anomalous top-quark coupling effects in these low-energy flavor transitions, summarize the flavor constraints and discuss their implications for direct detection of top-FCNC processes at the Large Hadron Collider.     

A novel method of systematic error compensation for a position and orientation system

A novel method is introduced for self-calibration and elimination of systematic errors for a position and orientation system （POS）. The method uses a combined bundle block adjustment with POS data （named the POS-supported bundle block adjustment） without a calibration field. On the basis of delivering strict observation equations for POS data, the specific scheme of compensating the translation and drift systematic errors in a POS is given, and a prototype system WuCAPS is developed. The effects of eliminating POS systematic errors using the POS-supported bundle block adjustment for different ground control conditions are tested using two sets of actual aerial photos. The first set was taken over a fiat region in the suburbs of the city of Yingkou in China and tested at a scale of 1：2500. The second set was taken over a high mountainous region in the desert region of Xinjiang in China and tested at a scale of 1：32,000. The empirical results verified that the POS systematic errors can be completely eliminated and the photo elements of exterior orientation obtained by the POS-supported bundle block adjustment can satisfy the requirements of aerial photogrammetric topographic mapping when four full ground control points （GCPs） are emplaced in the comers of the adjustment block for large-scale images of flat regions, but only one full GCP emplaced in the center of the adjustment block is needed for medium-small scale images of mountainous regions. This not only demonstrates the validity of the established mathematical model and the feasibility of the method proposed in this paper, but also avoids the use of a special calibration field. Therefore, it can simplify the existing POS operation rules and dramatically save on practical application costs, laying the theoretical foundation for widesoread use of POS.     

Observations of thermospheric vector wind over Yellow River Station during auroral substorm events

Strong disturbances associated with auroral substorms originate from the ionosphere-magnetosphere owing to the effects of the solar wind, and the wind field in the ionosphere is related to such substorm activity. Here, we describe the analysis of four auroral substorm events, for which we employed an all-sky Fabry-Perot interferometer to observe the two-dimensional horizontal wind field and combined the results with data from an all-sky charge-coupled device imager, a fluxgate magnetometer installed at Yellow River Station, and the Super Dual Auroral Radar Network. The results demonstrate that, during auroral substorms, the vector wind field is related closely to variations in the ion drift and geomagnetic field. Moreover, we observed a changing wind field of approximately 300 rn/s in response to variations in the electric and magnetic fields （likely caused by ion drag） and a disturbance of about 200 m/s that we attribute to the interaction of Joule heating and ion drag.     

4 K high frequency pulse tube cryocooler used for terahertz space application

Terahertz(THz) frequency region, defined from0.1 to 10 THz, is an important frequency band for radio astronomy and atmospheric science. As NbN Superconductor-Insulator-Superconductor(SIS) mixers used for terahertz detection, which are studied by the Purple Mountain Observatory(PMO), Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS), work at 8–10 K, and require condition of micro vibrations, its astronomical observation in aerospace is limited by suitable refrigeration method. 4 K high frequency pulse tube cryocooler developed by Key Laboratory of Space Energy Conversion Technologies(SECT), Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry(TIPC), CAS, offers an opportunity for the application of SIS mixers. This article introduces the progress of the two-stage high frequency pulse tube cryocooler researched by TIPC. The cryocooler has reached a no load temperature of 4.5 K which is the lowest temperature for this kind of cryocooler reported so far. The successful coupling between the THz component and the high frequency pulse tube cryocooler lays a solid foundation for space detection in the terahertz band.     

Current status and challenges of typhoon forecasting and warning systems in China

China is one of the countries most severely suffering from tropical cyclones. The exact and timely forecasting and warning is of significant importance in fighting against tropical cyclones and mitigating their impacts on China. The numerical weather prediction （NWP） system for tropical cyclone rainfall and strong wind is going to play a more and more important role. There is also a need for timely and user friendly modem warning services in order to provide the governments and relevant authorities at all levels and general public with typhoon forecasts and information about the associated disasters and response strategy services.     

Evaluation on Gambiered Guangdong Silk＇s Ecological Properties

To evaluate gambiered Guangdong silk＇s ecology properties, the raw materials ecology, production ecology and use ecology are analyzed; and the safety to human is tested according to GB/T18885 - 2002. Gambiered Guangdong silk is a kind of natural product. All its raw materials are reproducible and degradable natural resources, and it can decompose completely when being discarded. R is comfortable to wear, and easy to clean and dry. It is mainly manufactured by dip-dyeing in dye yam solution, and insolating under the burning sun. The production energy is solar, a kind of clean and reproducible energy. The production process is clean and environmental friendly. There is neither the utilization of synthetic dyestuff and chemical auxiliary, nor the discharge of environment pollutant, and even the dreg of dye yam is used as fuel. The safety test results show that pH value of water extract, heavy metal content （except for Pb content）, color fastness and odor meet the requirements of GB/T18885 - 2002 and Okeo-tex standard 100.     

Key technologies of precision demolition blasting of ultra-long urban viaduct in complicated surroundings

The key technologies of precision blasting were put forward based on the characteristics of urban via- duct blasting demolition in complicated surroundings. Initial bending instability mechanics model of reinforcing steel bar frame of blasting fragmented pier and sequenced collapsed dynamic model were established for quanti- tative blasting design. Technologies of water pressure blasting were applied in multi-cell box girder fragmenta- tion. The detonating network of non-electric duplication crossover was adopted for the safety and reliability of ultra-long delay. The rationality of blasting scheme and parameters were validated by physical model test. Harm- ful effects were forecasted and controlled by integrated protective technologies. Specialization, cooperation, pre- cision, execution （SCPE） project management method was put forward for precision management. The key tech- nologies of precision demolition blasting can provide reference for similar proiects.