板翅式换热器封头内部流场的测量与改进研究

利用粒子图像测速仪（PIV），对板翅式换热器封头结构改进前、后的流场进行了可视化研究分析．实验结果表明，原始封头内部的物流分配存在严重的不均匀性，采用添加打孔挡板之后的改进型封头，流场的不均匀性有了很大的改善．从实验对比分析中得出，当挡板小孔呈错排分布、开孔率沿挡板的中轴线向两侧逐渐增加、且总开孔率达到509／6左右的时候，在相同的入口条件下，不均匀系数由原始封头的1．210降至0．209，最大流速与最小流速之比由23．163降至1．756．此研究结果对于板翅式换热器的优化设计具有重要意义．     

高效过滤器送风口扩散孔板的数值模拟与实验

高效过滤器送风口扩散孔板的开孔情况影响着室内流场、室内空气洁净度、洁净室自净时间和扩散板阻力．对GF01-1．0型高效过滤器送风口扩散孔板的开孔情况时室内流场的影响进行了数值模拟，并采用风速仪、激光粒子计数器和微压计分别测量了扩散板开孔变化时室内气流分布、洁净室自净时间和扩散板内静压的影响．结果表明随着开孔率的降低，扩散板的阻力增大．在扩散板扩散越均匀、涡流区和回流区越小的情况下，洁净室自净时间越短．并且在不同的送风量下，形成室内均匀流场的扩散板开孔情况不同，所以高效过滤器送风口扩散孔板宜在额定风量下运行．     

带支柱与凸缘开孔球罐最大应力

针对工程中球罐的实际结构与载荷形式，研究带支柱与凸缘开孔的球罐结构的最大应力问题．采用有限元软件ANSYS，分别对两种不同材料的带10个支柱和上、下两个凸缘开孔的球罐在内压、自重和内部液压共同作用下的应力进行了数值计算．计算结果表明，整个球罐的最大应力发生于球罐底部的凸缘开孔的周边，为说明上述问题的力学建模效果，还对承受内压载荷作用的不带支柱与凸缘的开圆孔球壳的应力进行了数值计算，结果表明其数值解与相应的理论解十分接近．     

台阶开孔式缓冲结构对隧道气动效应分析

随着列车速度的不断提升,列车由明线驶入隧道所引发的微气压波问题变得日益突出,有关研究表明：组合型式缓冲结构较单一型式缓冲结构能更好的缓解微气压波的影响,为了进一步减缓微气压波对隧道周边环境的影响,本文提出了台阶开孔式组合型缓冲结构。基于 两方程紊流模型,运用数值模拟的方法,从开孔距离、开孔率、开孔数量、开孔位置四个方面进行研究,对列车驶入隧道所引起的初始压缩波压力和压力梯度值进行具体分析,得出优化设计参数。台阶开孔式缓冲结构对初始压缩波压力最大值的影响较小,最大压力值差值保持在10Pa内,但对初始压缩波压力梯度值影响较大。当开孔距离为4m、开孔率α为36％、开孔数量为2孔、开孔位置为顶部开孔时,为最优工况,对压力梯度的减缓效果达到了60.14％。     

压力容器开孔补强的探讨

在压力容器封头上开孔,将会使压力容器封头的承压能力降低,在其设计工艺条件下会产生危险,因此压力容器开孔后需进行补强,开孔补强的方法有很多种,本文对几种开孔补强的方法进行了阐述和比较,若可根据具体情况选用。     

分析复合载荷下边界缺口群相互干涉效应的有效方法

边界缺口群是工程失效分析时经常遇到的问题。本文通过修改体积力密度的定义、引入建立在各缺口单元中心处的局部坐标并分解Melan基本解,获得了影响缺口群相互干涉效应的主项封闭解,从而建立了能有效地分析复合载荷作用下任意边界缺口群相互干涉效应的改进型体积力法。作为改进法的工程应用,本文给出了对工程失效分析有实用价值的相对尺寸比、形状比均不同的边界缺口群相互干涉效应的计算结果。此外,文中列出的算例也表明了改进型体积力法在分析任意边界缺口群相互干涉效应时,具有精度高、收敛快的优点。     

压力容器开孔结构分析的快速多极边界元研究

压力容器开孔结构的应力高度集中。为精确模拟该结构的应力状况,该文提出一种三维高阶快速多极边界元法。在三维弹性力学边界元法的基础上,推导出二阶单元的基本解快速多极展开格式。该算法通过多极展开概念,大大降低了对存储量的要求,并且不损失精度。使用高阶快速多极边界元法分析含多个开孔的压力容器整体结构,所得应力结果与大规模高阶有限元法的结果吻合得很好。研究结果表明,高阶快速多极边界元法易于分析此类大规模问题,并具有很高的数值计算精度,满足工程设计的要求。     

开孔有限板的孔边应力场分析

研究了开椭圆孔有限板的应力集中问题，应用弹性力学的复变函数理论，在各内边界上引入保角变换，在外边界上采用分段函数，通过傅立叶级数展开，计算整个弹性板的应力场，给出了开椭圆孔有限板的计算实例。     

微穿孔板消声器结构参数优化研究

为研究消声结构参数对消声性能的影响,建立了消声器声场有限元模型,并在模型边界上施加相应的边界条件,通过计算求得不同结构参数下消声器的传递损失,以分析不同的结构参数对消声器的消声性能的影响。计算发现采用内径20 mm的微穿孔管可有效降低3~6 kHz频段内的噪声,微穿孔管的单节管长应为1/4波长的9倍,管上孔洞按正方形分布,开孔直径0.4 mm,开孔率4.8%。     

离心压缩机中带密封功能的电磁作动器性能仿真研究

主动控制是旋转机械振动控制的有效手段之一,然而如何在旋转机械上安装作动器则在实际中存在困难。本文结合离心压缩机平衡盘结构的特点、孔型阻尼密封的加工方式以及电磁轴承的结构,设计了一种带密封功能的电磁作动器。运用Ansys对该作动器进行电磁场分析,比较磁极上开密封孔和不开密封孔两种情况下电磁力的区别,分析开孔率、孔深度对电磁力的影响,并模拟了密封体中的损耗。研究结果表明,开孔后作动器中的电磁力小于不开孔情况下的电磁力;电磁力随开孔率的增大、孔深的加深而减小;密封体中的损耗对作动器总体损耗影响很小,且开孔后密封体中的损耗降低。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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