致羔羊脑炎粪肠球菌EF3183基因的克隆与生物信息学分析

为研究致羔羊脑炎粪肠球菌分离株表面蛋白EF3183基因的结构及功能,采用PCR方法扩增EF3183基因,将阳性克隆进行测序,用生物信息学软件预测其分子结构,推测其生物学功能,并构建系统进化树。结果显示:成功获得了长1060 bp的表面蛋白EF3183基因;经生物信息学分析,此序列包含有1个1056 bp的完整开放阅读框,编码351个氨基酸;无信号肽;有2个跨膜区;抗原表位预测显示表面蛋白EF3183有15个抗原表位;系统进化树分析显示致羔羊脑炎粪肠球菌XJ11株表面蛋白EF3183基因与粪肠球菌v583的EF3183基因的进化距离最近。本研究成功获得了致羔羊脑炎粪肠球菌EF3183基因,为今后研究此基因的生物学功能奠定了基础。     

黄土高原地区中小流域日降雨空间分布特征

选择黄土高原具有代表性、雨量站网较密的岔巴沟流域日雨量资料,分析日降雨的空间分布特征.在相关域的基础上,进一步借用正六边形空间结构估算单站所代表的面积.结果表明,在0.8和0.7的相关水平上,黄土高原日降雨的相关域分别为9和19 km;按照正六边形空间结构估算,在0.8和0.7的相关水平上,单站所代表的面积分别为70和310 km2.为准确预报土壤流失量提供了依据.     

PRRSV福建流行毒株结构蛋白基因之克隆分析

对福建省流行的PRRS病毒FJ-1的结构蛋白基因进行了克隆、测序.FJ-1结构蛋白基因序列长3 188个核苷酸,包含7个开放阅读框(ORF).将FJ-1结构蛋白基因与国内外已发表的18个报道全长结构蛋白基因的PRRSV毒株进行核苷酸序列和推定的氨基酸序列比较,发现:其与17个美洲型毒株核苷酸同源性达到89.7%～92.4%,推定各个ORF编码氨基酸的同源性在85.6%～98.6%之间;而与欧洲型毒株Lelystad核苷酸同源性为54.9%,推定各个ORF编码氨基酸同源性为53.2%～78.2%.遗传进化树分析表明FJ-1与美洲型毒株进化距离近,而与欧洲型毒株进化距离远.从分子水平上证明了福建省流行的PRRS病毒属于美洲型毒株.     

拟松材线虫两个HSP基因的克隆与分析

采用RACE(快速扩增cDNA末端)技术从拟松材线虫中克隆了HSP70蛋白编码基因mc2和HSP90蛋白编码基因mc19,两个基因的全长cDNA分别为2 067和1 222 bp。生物信息学分析结果表明：mc2基因的ORF为1 926 bp,推测的编码蛋白包含642个氨基酸,分子质量为170.85 ku,等电点为4.69。mc19基因的ORF为1 083 bp,推测的编码蛋白包含361个氨基酸,分子质量为97.70 ku,等电点为4.83。多序列比对和系统进化树结果分析都表明,拟松材线虫的mc2、mc19基因的编码蛋白与植物寄生线虫HSP70和HSP90蛋白具有较高的同源性,拟松材线虫和松材线虫之间的亲缘关系尤其密切。     

菊芋抗逆性评估及HtCPI基因的克隆与表达分析

在逆境胁迫测试的基础上,利用RT-PCR技术从菊芋叶片中克隆了半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂基因的完全开放阅读框序列,并进行了生物信息学和胁迫表达分析.结果表明:获得的基因序列具有半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂特征性的结构域,HtCPI由333 bp的核苷酸组成;蛋白质结构预测,HtCPI推定的HtCY蛋白具有跨膜结构和信号肽;系统进化树分析,HtCY与山杨的CY蛋白相似性为96%,与姜黄的CY相似性为94%;经氨基酸序列比对,推断该蛋白有一个高度保守的QKVKQ结构域和一个保守的LAKFAVDHHN结构域;蛋白质亚细胞定位结果表明,HtCY可能位于内质网上.组织特异性检测表明,HtCPI在菊芋根、茎、叶中均有表达,在茎中的表达量最高.实时定量荧光PCR分析表明,水杨酸、氯化钠、氯化铝和聚乙二醇等处理均能诱导菊芋根和叶中HtCPI基因表达上调;荧光定量分析显示,虽然在不同的胁迫因子条件下其上调的程度有一定的差异,但均在4 h后表达量发生明显的上升,即对水杨酸、氯化钠、氯化铝和聚乙二醇等处理均存在转录响应.推测该基因参与了菊芋对生物或非生物胁迫的防御机制.     

黑龙江省苔藓土壤微生境中动物物种多样性分析

 为了详细了解黑龙江省苔藓土壤中的动物种类和数量,分别于2009年6月、8月和2010年7月,通过简单培养从黑龙江省的帽儿山、威虎山、七星河国家级自然保护区以及大兴安岭地区的塔河等地采集的苔藓材料400份,共收集苔藓土壤动物2932只,隶属于17类物种。结果表明,中、小型的螨类和弹尾类构成了苔藓土壤动物群落的主体。其中,螨类占总捕量的56.17%,弹尾类占总捕量的28.39%。物种多样性分析结果表明,塔河和帽儿山地区的苔藓土壤动物物种比较丰富,相似度较高;而威虎山和七星河地区物种丰富度较差,相似度较高。由此可知,生态系统的复杂程度与苔藓中物种的多样性呈显著正相关,苔藓动物可以作为环境监测和环境修复的指示物种。     

分流叶片位置对平面叶栅流动分离的影响

为更好地控制叶栅流动分离,提出一种在叶栅内部设置分流叶片的流动控制方法.采用数值模拟方法对比在不同攻角下有无分流叶片对叶栅性能及流动损失的影响,结果表明:分流叶片在大攻角条件下,更能提高叶栅的气动性能;选取攻角为11.7°,设计具有不同位置分流叶片的平面叶栅,对比分析发现分流叶片能够提高叶栅的做功能力.分流叶片轴向位置与周向位置存在最优组合,当分流叶片在周向与大叶片吸力面距离为28％弦长时,叶栅气动性能最佳,距离增大或减小均会恶化叶栅性能;轴向位置上,当分流叶片位于大叶片前缘处时,能够抑制尾缘边界层分离,减少流动损失.     

江汉平原不同土壤类型下土地利用空间结构及变化特征分析

以江汉平原为研究区,计算平均斑块面积、形状指数、分离度指数等表征斑块形态特征的指标,定量分析土壤类型空间分布及其与土地利用空间结构的关系和变化特征.结论如下:1)江汉平原主要土壤类型为水稻土和潮土两种耕作性土壤,二者连片性最好,聚集程度最高,斑块空间结构差异较小;地带性土壤红壤的连片性和聚集程度优于黄棕壤,其斑块形状和斑块镶嵌结构的复杂程度也较黄棕壤高.2)不同地类对土壤类型表现出不同程度的选择性,林地、草地主要分布土壤类型分别为黄棕壤和草甸土,其余各地类景观主要分布土壤类型均为水稻土和潮土;1990—2010年各地类在不同土壤类型上所占比重发生变化,变化程度差异明显,但整体分异规律不变.3)各土壤类型区地类空间结构特征相异,分离度指数变化较大,其整体分布及变化趋势与平均斑块面积一致;1990—2010年各地类斑块形态和斑块空间镶嵌结构复杂程度均不同程度增加,表明其受人类活动影响加剧,但影响程度存在差异.研究有利于深入对各地类空间结构变化过程中受自然因素影响程度差异的认识,以期为土地开发利用提供参考.     

芜菁花叶病毒四川分离物外壳蛋白基因的克隆及序列分析

从四川省3个蔬菜基地感病的甘蓝、花菜、萝卜、叶芥菜分离到芜菁花叶病毒6个分离物.利用 RT-PCR克隆了这6个分离物的外壳蛋白基因(CP), 测定了它们的核苷酸序列并进行了序列分析. 结果表明,6个分离物的 CP基因均为864个碱基,核苷酸序列同源性较高, 达 97.0%～100%;它们与 world-B组分离物的同源性最高,达 92.1%～100%;与 basal-B组分离物的同源性最低,仅 87.6%～90.2%. 基于 TuMV的 CP基因核苷酸序列的分子进化树显示,TuMV分离物可分为4组,本研究所分离到的6个 TuMV四川分离物属于第四组,即 world-B组.     

番茄灰霉菌拮抗细菌的筛选鉴定及评价

为分离鉴定一些对番茄灰霉菌具有拮抗作用且适合当地生境的生防细菌,以金华连续10年的番茄种植保护地土壤为材料,分离细菌,并以灰霉菌为靶标菌对其拮抗效果进行检验,对候选菌株进行格兰氏染色,将其16S rDNA序列与GenBank中已知标准菌株的16S rDNA序列比对,利用Neighbor-joining方法构建进化树,通过菌株发酵液灌根番茄后48 h,离体叶片挑战接种番茄灰霉菌,以及温室盆栽接种实验明确其防治效果.结果显示:分离获得5株疑似芽孢杆菌,其中1株(JH-2)对番茄灰霉病菌具有较高抗性,鉴定为芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus sp.),与标准菌株AB735995.1解淀粉酶芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)聚于同一分支,同源性高达99%;菌株JH-2发酵液处理的番茄叶片病斑面积为对照处理的77%,防治效果为22.3%;菌株JH-2处理后对番茄灰霉的防治效果为38.9%.以上结果表明,解淀粉酶芽孢杆菌JH-2灌根后,可以触发番茄植株系统抗病性,增强植株免疫能力.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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