有限超可解群的一些充要条件I

主要证明了如下命题等价:(1) G是超可解群;(2) 对G的任一极大子群M,G有正规子群K使|K:MG|为素数;(3)对G的任一极大子群M,G有正规子群K使K/MG为非平凡的循环群;(4) G的每个极大子群M补于G的循环主因子;(5)G有正规子群H使1=H0＜H1＜…＜Hn=H为G的主列片段,其中G/CG(Hi+1/Hi)为幂指数整除pi-1的Abel群,pi∈π(Hi+1/Hi),1≤i≤n,且∩n-1i=0CG(Hi+1/Hi)≤H;(6)对G/Φ(G)的每个极小正规子群N/Φ(G).G/CG(N/Φ(G))为幂指数整除p的Abel群,p∈π(N/Φ(G)).     

有限超可解群的一些充要条件Ⅱ

主要证明了如下的结果假设M是有限群G的任意极大子群,则下列命题是等价的(1)G是超可解群;(2)M补于G的某个素数阶主因子;(3)有H(△)G使M∩H为H的正规的极大子群;(4)M/MG为幂指数整除p-1的Abel群且|G∶M|为素数p的幂;(在下面的(5)～(8)中假设G之所有含于F(G)和Φ(G)之间的主因子在G中的中心化子之交是可解群.)(5)Φ(G)=H0＜H1＜…＜Hr=F(G)为G的一个主列片段,其中每个主因子Hi+1/Hi是素数阶的;(6)若F(G)≤(△＼)M,则M补于G的素数阶主因子;(7)若F(G)≤(△＼)M,则M/MG是幂指数整除p-1的Abel群且|G∶M|为素数p的幂;(8)若F(G)≤(△＼)M,则M∩F(G)为F(G)的极大子群.     

有限群的弱c-正规

群G的一个子群H称为在G中弱c-正规，如果存在G的一个次正规子群K，使得G＝HK且H∩K≤HG，其中HG＝∩↑x∈GH^x是包含在H中的G的最大正规子群。该文利用子群弱c-正规性给出一个群为可解群、p－幂零群的一些条件，主要定理有：1）设G是一个有限群，则G可解当且仅当G的每个在Fc中的极大子群M在G中弱c-正规。2）设G是有限群，P是G的Sylow p-子群，这里p为素数，p||G|且（|G|,p-1)=1。假设存在P的一个极大子群P1使得P1在G中弱c-正规且Op(G)≤P1，则G／Op（G）是p-幂零的。     

子群c-正规性对群结构的影响

群G的一个子群H称为在G中c-正规，如果存在一个正规子群K，使得G＝HK且H∩G≤HG，其中HG＝CoreG(H)=∩x∈GH^x是包含在H中的G的最大正规子群。该文利用子群c－正规性给出一个群为可群解的一些条件，主要定理有：1）设G为群， 若存在P∈Syl2（G），P为c－正规于G，则G可解；2）设N为群G的非单位正规子群，则N可解当且仅当G的任意不包含N物极大子群M为c－正规于G。     

s-正规群及其性质

群G的一个子群H称为在G中s-正规，如果存在G的一个次正规子群K，使得G＝HK且H∩K≤HSG，其中HSG＝＜Hi|Hi在G中次正规且Hi包含于H＞．利用素数幂阶子群的s-正规性给出一些群的结构．     

有限超可解群的一些充要条件II

主要证明了如下的结果:假设M是有限群G的任意极大子群,则下列命题是等价的:(1)G是超可解群;(2)M补于G的某个素数阶主因子;(3)有H G使M∩H为H的正规的极大子群;(4)M/MG为幂指数整除p-1的Abel群且｜G∶M｜为素数p的幂;(在下面的(5)～(8)中假设G之所有含于F(G)和Φ(G)之间的主因子在G中的中心化子之交是可解群.)(5)Φ(G)=H0相似文献   

有限幂零群的若干刻划

从极大子群、中心主因子和正规子群的G 主列的角度来讨论有限幂零群,获得了有限幂零群的若干新刻划.设M是有限群G的任一极大子群,H G.令 G=G/Φ(G),则G是幂零群当且仅当下列条件之一成立:(1)如H≤\M,则H∩M G且H/H∩M≤Z(G/H∩M);(2)如H≤\M,则M≤CG(H/H∩M);(3)如H≤\M,则H≤CG(M/H∩M);(4)如H≤\M,则M补于G的一个中心主因子;(5)F( G)有一个 G 主列,其中每个主因子都是 G中心的且CG(F( G))可解;(6)Soc( G)有一个 G 主列,其中每个主因子都是 G 中心的;(7)K∞(G)≤H,H/Φ(H)有一个 G 主列其中每个主因子都是 G 中心的;(8)HCG(H)≤Z∞(G).     

可解群的一些充分条件

群G的一个子群H称为在G中弱c正规的，如果存在G的一个次正规子群K，使得G=HK且H∩K≤HG，其中HG=∩↑x∈0H^x是包含在H中的G的最大正规子群,利用π-Hall子群、奇阶Sylow子群和二极大子群的弱c正规性，给出了一个群为可解群的若干充分条件。     

关于有限群的正规子群的补子群Ⅱ

研讨了关于有限群G的一个正规子群K的补子群之存在性与共轭性的更多一些的结果。主要结果如下：(1)假设K是Abel群并且K的每个Sylow子群S在G之含S的Sylow子群中有补子群，则有：(i)K在G中有补子群；(ii)若G有Hall π—子群H，其中π=π(K)，并且K在H中的所有补子群在H中是共轭的，则K在G中的所有补子群在G中是共轭的，(2)假设K是可解的并且对所有的S／K∈Syl(G／K)，K是S的一个直因子，则有：(i)K在G中有补子群；(ii)若G有Hall π—子群H，其中π=π(K)，则K在G中的所有补子群在G中共轭的充要条件是K在H中的所有补子群在H中共轭。     

子群的π-可补性对群结构的影响

如果存在G的一个子群K,使得G=HK且|H∩K|π=1,则群G的一个子群H称为在G中π-可补,此时K称为H在G中的π-补.研究了π-可补子群的一些性质,并利用群G的Sylowp-子群的极大和极小子群的π-可补性,给出了群G为p-幂零群的一些条件.特别地证明了如下结果:设G是一个群,P是G的一个Sylowp-子群,p∈π且p是|G|的一个素因子,如果(|G|,p-1)=1且P的每个极大子群在G中π-可补,则G是p-幂零群.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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