USING COLLOIDAL LAYERED DOUBLE HYDROXIDES AS CATIONIC MICROPARTICULATE COMPONENT

INTRODUCTIONMicroparticulate retention aid systems have been widely accepted in papermaking industry. The typical microparticulate components include inorganic col-loidal silica (or structured colloidal silica sol[1], mont-morillonite[2] and organic micropolymers[3]. They are all negatively charged and form synergic retention ef-fects with either cationic starch or polyaminoamide. Yet, it is interesting to note that cationic microparti-cles also have been found to be effective in floccula…     

Structure, flame retarding and smoke suppressing properties of Zn-Mg-Al-CO3 layered double hydroxides

Zn-Mg-Al-CO3 layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have been synthesized by a new method involving separate nucleation and aging steps. The Zn-Mg-Al-CO3 LDHs were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, ICP and TG-DTA. The limiting oxygen index and smoke density of composites of the LDHs with EVA-28 were determined. Incorporation of Zn^2 in the layers of the LDHs was found promoting material charring and smoke suppression. The mechanism of flame retardation and smoke suppression is discussed. The results show that Zn-Mg-Al-CO3 LDHs have better flam eretarding and smoke suppressing effects than Mg-Al-CO3 LDHs.     

哒螨灵-层状双金属氢氧化物杂化物的合成及表征

在乙醇-水混合溶剂中采用共沉淀法将非离子型疏水性农药哒螨灵插入镁铝层状双金属氢氧化物(layered double hydroxides,LDHs)层间,制备出哒螨灵-LDHs杂化物。依据哒螨灵分子大小和杂化物的层间通道高度推测,哒螨灵分子是沿长轴方向与层板成一定倾斜角度以单层方式排列于LDHs层间。释放动力学研究表明,释放过程符合准二级动力学方程,LDHs颗粒内扩散是释放控制步骤;哒螨灵-LDHs杂化物具有明显的农药缓释性能,有望成为一种新型农药缓释剂。     

替加氟-层状双金属氢氧化物纳米杂化物的制备及缓释性能研究

采用共沉淀法制备了非离子型抗癌药物替加氟-LDHs纳米杂化物,依据替加氟分子大小和替加氟-LDHs的通道高度推测出替加氟分子是沿长轴方向垂直于层板以重叠双层方式排列于LDHs层间。药物释放研究表明,替加氟-LDHs纳米杂化物具有明显的缓释效果,表明是有发展潜力的新型药物控释体系。在pH=7.2的缓冲溶液中的释放速率明显低于pH=4.8的缓冲溶液,而在纯水(pH=5.65)中的释放速率明显低于缓冲溶液;释放动力学过程符合准二级动力学方程。     

钛负载Mo_7O_(24)~(6-)插层Si-Mg/Al-LDO的制备及其催化性能

通过共沉淀、离子交换等过程制备含硅Mo_7O_(24)~(6-)Mg/Al型层状双金属氢氧化物(LDHs),将此前体在773 K焙烧4 h后,在钛酸四丁酯甲苯溶液中加热回流4～6 h,得到钛负载Mo_7O_(24)~(6-)插层Si-Mg/Al-LDO催化剂,并将此催化剂用于丙烯环氧化制备环氧丙烷反应中.通过X射线衍射、红外光谱和扫描电子显微镜等对水滑石焙烧前后样品及最终催化剂进行分析.结果表明:钼酸根插层水滑石前体,晶相单一,结晶度高;硅溶胶负载对水滑石晶体结构没有破坏;硅-钛原子合理匹配,分散在催化剂中,具有良好的环氧化催化性能,其中(3)Ti-Mo_7O_(24)~(6-)(2.68)Si-Mg/Al-LDO的催化活性最高,双氧水的转化率达到85.16%,环氧丙烷的选择性达到78.39%.     

水滑石类化合物重构性能的研究

阐述了类水滑石的结构特点和记忆效应,对类水滑石重构性能的影响条件进行了比较详细的分析,并对其重构性能的应用前景进行了展望。     

逐步法制备Mg-Al-LDHs与有机-LDHs的插层组装体

通过控制铝组分在溶液中的形态,采用逐步控制的方法制备了Mg-Al-LDHs,经过离子交换,制备了benzoic-LDHs、o-aminobenzoic-LDHs和o-hydroxybenzoic-LDHs。在控制过程中,铝的羟基配合物在室温下与Mg2 和OH-共沉淀生成LDHs,XRD图谱显示生成的LDHs晶相单一、结晶良好,有机-LDHs保持了层状结构。     

水滑石固定化木瓜蛋白酶制备的研究

文中研究了阴离子型层状材料—水滑石(LDHs)作为载体,经过戊二醛活化处理后采用共价结合的方法固定化木瓜蛋白酶。讨论了层板电荷密度对固定化酶活的影响,并优化固定化时间、温度、pH值、给酶量和戊二醛质量分数等固定化条件,实验结果显示：木瓜蛋白酶的最佳固定化条件是给酶量为每0.5 g载体固定16 mL 10 g/L的溶液酶,固定化温度15 ℃,pH7.0,固定化时间12～24 h,与2 mL质量分数为0.5%的戊二醛交联,所得固定化木瓜蛋白酶酶活回收率平均可达55%左右。     

十二烷基硫酸钠在水滑石层间的插层行为研究

采用¹³C和²⁷Al固体核磁共振表征方法结合XRD及热分析等表征技术,对十二烷基硫酸钠（NaDS）柱撑的水滑石（Mg₂Al-NO^-3）的分子结构进行了研究。结果表明,柱撑物中的有机相存在两种不同的构形,外表面吸附的DS^-主要是以活动性较好的无序构形状态存在,进入层间的DS^-主要是以活动性差的有序构形状态存在。NaDS柱撑LDHs中有序构形的量随DS^-溶液浓度的增加而增加,当溶液中DS^-的物质的量达到水滑石阴离子交换容量（AEC）的2倍或更大时,层间DS^-的量保持为57%左右。NaDS柱撑水滑石的铝核周围的配位为单一的六配位环境,此环境在柱撑前后没有发生明显变化。     

草酸根阴离子柱撑水滑石的合成及热稳定性研究

采用原位一步合成法和以硝酸根型水滑石为前驱体的水溶液中阴离子直接交换法合成了草酸根柱撑水滑石材料,用XRDI、R和DTA对合成的样品进行了组成和结构表征,在此基础上较为详细地研究了柱撑水滑石样品的热分解行为.研究表明:两种方法均能合成出柱撑水滑石材料,但相比之下,采用原位法合成制备的样品其结晶性和层有序性相对较好.DTA研究表明:Mg2Al系列样品具有比Zn2Al系列样品更高的对热稳定性,但有机阴离子引入水滑石层间,引起层柱材料的热稳定性略微降低,而不同方法合成的柱撑水滑石样品其热稳定性相差不大.图8,参14.     

Recent progress in polymer/layered double hydroxide nanocomposites

New developments in the studies of nanocomposites based on polymer matrixes and layered double hydroxides (LDHs) in recent years are reviewed combining our relative research work, among which the synthesis techniques, the physicochemical characterizations, and the improved material properties are especially discussed. The possible application of polymer/LDH nanocomposites is also proposed.     

Preparation of Rh-TPPTS complex intercalated layered double hydroxide and influences of host and guest compositions on its catalytic performances in hydroformylation reaction

Based on the concept of intercalation chemistry of layered double hydroxides （LDHs）, RhCI（CO）（TPPTS）2 （TPPTS： P（m-C6H4SO3Na）3） and TPPTS co-intercalated LDHs were successfully synthesized by in situ complexation method. Characterizations of structure and composition of composite materials by powder XRD, FT-IR, and ICP-AES techniques confirmed the supramolecular structures of the catalytic species intercalated LDHs. The correlation between catalytic performance of intercalated catalyst and the composition of both host layers and interlayer guest species was also investigated.     

海藻酸钠修饰LDH制备多孔炭及其电化学性质

研究分别以Mg-Al-LDH,Zn-Cr-LDH和Mg-Cr-LDH为模板,海藻酸钠为前驱体在600℃下炭化制备的多孔炭发现,多孔炭的BET比表面积从173m2/g增加到497m2/g,而海藻酸钠自身炭化所得多孔炭的比表面积仅为95m2/g。电化学研究表明,以Mg-Cr-LDH为模板制备的多孔炭(PC—4)电极的循环伏安曲线图形更接近矩形,阴极和阳极过程基本对称;在恒电流充放电实验中,50mA/g的电流密度下PC—4电极的电容为92F/g且电流密度为500mA/g时充放电循环1000次后电容损失小于1%。比表面积、孔结构和电化学研究表明,海藻酸钠修饰LDH制备的多孔炭具有作为超级电容器电极材料的潜在价值。     

Characteristics and mechanisms of sorption of organic contaminants onto sodium dodecyl sulfate modified Ca-Al layered double hydroxides

A series of calcium aluminum layered double hydroxides (LDHs) modified with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) (Ca/Al-SDS-LDHs) were synthesized by co-precipitation, and characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. The Ca/Al-SDS-LDHs enhanced sorption of nitrobenzene and naphthalene from water compared with inor- ganic LDH (Ca/Al-Cl-LDH). The sorption isotherms for sorption of organic contaminants onto the Ca/Al-SDS-LDHs were linear for the concentration range tested, which implies that the sorption mechanism is mainly by partition. The sorption of naphthalene onto Ca/Al-SDS-LDH was apparently stronger than that of nitrobenzene, but this order reversed after eliminating the hydrophobic effect of these two contaminants. Because naphthalene is non-polar and nitrobenzene is polar, the results indicate that the Ca/AlSDS-LDHs were selective for polar organic contaminants.     

L-(-)-酒石酸柱撑水滑石的插层组装及超分子结构

用返混沉淀方法实现了L-(-)-酒石酸柱撑水滑石(LDHs)超分子结构手性层柱材料的插层组装, 得到结晶度高、晶相单一,且L-(-)-酒石酸在层间有序排列的超分子结构手性层柱材料.用X射线衍射、红外光谱及差热分析表征了超分子结构手性层柱材料的结构.     

共沉淀法制备镁锰双金属氢氧化物及表征

以氯化镁、氯化锰、氢氧化钠及碳酸钠为原料,采用共沉淀法合成镁锰双金属氢氧化物(Mg-Mn-LDH).探讨镁锰摩尔比、反应温度、反应时间等条件对镁锰双金属氢氧化物(Mg-Mn-LDH)结晶性的影响.通过XRD和SEM对产物结晶性、组成结构等进行表征.实验结果表明,在镁锰摩尔比3∶1、反应温度40℃、反应3h、长陈化时间和反应体系pH 13下,制备出的产物的结晶性最好,层状结构也最清晰.     

焙烧态镁铝水滑石对茜素黄GG的吸附

用尿素水解均匀沉淀法制备一系列不同的Mg2+与Al3+摩尔比的镁铝水滑石(Mg/Al-LDHs),并研究了镁铝水滑石的焙烧产物(LDO)对阴离子染料茜素黄GG的吸附特征。分别考察了不同镁铝摩尔比的LDO、LDO投加量、反应温度、染料的初始浓度等因素对LDO吸附阴离子染料茜素黄GG的影响。结果表明,对于150mL 30mg/L的茜素黄GG模拟废水溶液,镁铝摩尔比为1:2的镁铝水滑石,投加量为30mg,在25℃下反应150min,去除率可达到100%。三次回收重复利用的LDO对茜素黄的去除率仍为76%以上,LDO是一种良好的环保吸附材料。     

Polymerization reaction in restricted space of layered double hydroxides （LDHs）

This paper reported the preparation of styrene sulfonate intercalated layered double hydroxides (LDHs)material, SS-LDHs by coprecipitation method, followed by in-situ polymerization of the monomers in the interlayer space of LDHs. The polymerization reaction was monitored by UV and NMR. It is confirmed that when the reaction occurred at 100℃ for 24 h, part of monomers did not react. When the reaction was carried out at 150~C, the polymerization of the intercalated monomers is complete to afford the polymer intercalated product PSS-LDHs. During the polymerization process, the layered structure remains well. At the same time the gallery height increases with the lengthening of reaction time. This is preliminarily because that the PSS becomes more swelling with the amount of water it absorbs due to its hygroscopicity property.     

水滑石对水溶液中牛血清白蛋白的吸附

采用水相沉淀热结晶法制备水滑石(LDHs),研究其对牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的吸附量及LDHs可能存在的结构变化,探讨pH值、初始质量浓度以及偶联剂质量分数对BSA吸附量的影响.结果表明,pH值对LDHs吸附BSA的影响最大,在pH值为6.2,BSA初始质量浓度为6.0 g/L时饱和吸附量可达到56.82 mg/g.偶联...     

层状双氢氧化物纳米材料的研究进展

层状双氢氧化物(LDHs)的成分可以在较大范围内调控、特殊的结构和性质以及有着广泛的应用前景,层状双氢氧化物纳米材料的研究吸引了国内外众多学者的关注。本文首先介绍了LDHs的化学组成和结构特点,然后综述了LDHs纳米材料的制备、结构表征及性能等方面的国内外最新研究进展,并阐述了纳米晶植入LDHs主体的复合材料的相关研究,最后对其应用前景进行了展望。