大蒜种质资源遗传多样性的分子标记研究

本研究利用RAPD和ISSR两种分子标记技术,对中国10个不同地区的大蒜品种进行了种质资源遗传多样性研究.从30个RAPD引物当中,筛选出11个具有多态性的引物,共扩增出多态性带224条,多态性条带比率为41.18%,从12个ISSR引物中筛选出5个具多态性的ISSR引物,共扩增出多态性带121条,多态性条带比率为50.21%.对RAPD和ISSR两种标记分别运用Nei指数法,计算出10个大蒜品种的平均遗传距离为0.28和0.32.根据这两种标记的结果,采用UPGMA进行聚类分析,得到与生物学分类地位基本一致的结果.结果表明,在实验稳定性上,ISSR优于RAPD,且ISSR比RAPD能检测到更多的遗传变异,RAPD和ISSR两种标记可用于大蒜种质遗传多样性的研究.     

大蒜种质资源遗传多样性的分子标记研究

本研究利用RAPD和ISSR两种分子标记技术．对中国10个不同地区的大蒜品种进行了种质资源遗传多样性研究．从30个RAPD引物当中．筛选出11个具有多态性的引物．共扩增出多态性带224条．多态性条带比率为41．18％．从12个ISSR引物中筛选出5个具多态性的ISSR引物．共扩增出多态性带121条．多态性条带比率为50．21％．对RAPD和ISSR两种标记分别运用Nei指数法．计算出10个大蒜品种的平均遗传距离为0．28和0．32．根据这两种标记的结果．采用UPGMA进行聚类分析，得到与生物学分类地位基本一致的结果．结果表明，在实验稳定性上．ISSR优于RAPD．且ISSR比RAPD能检测到更多的遗传变异．RAPD和ISSR两种标记可用于大蒜种质遗传多样性的研究．     

厦门近海横带髭鲷野生群体遗传结构分析

采用RAPD和ISSR分子标记技术对厦门近海横带髭鲷野生群体46个个体进行遗传多样性分析.在RAPD分析中筛选出31个随机引物,共扩增产生235个可统计的条带,其中多态性条带106个,多态位点百分率为45.11%,Shannon's遗传多样性指数为0.243 0;在ISSR分析中筛选出16个ISSR引物,共扩增产生119个可统计的条带,其中多态性条带76个,多态位点百分率为63.78%,Shannon's遗传多样性指数为0.348 9.与其它鱼类横向对比显示,厦门近海横带髭鲷野生群体的遗传变异处于中上水平,具有较高的遗传多样性.     

不同地区桐花树种群的分子遗传变异分析

利用RAPD和ISSR两种分子标记,对4个不同纬度桐花树种群的遗传多样性和遗传分化进行探讨,根据RAPD和ISSR数据计算遗传距离并进行聚类分析.结果表明,4个种群桐花树遗传变异性低,4个纬度桐花树种群分为南北两个类群,海南和广西为1个类群,广东和福建为1个类群.利用Shannon's指数计算4个种群的遗传多样性,广西种群多样性指数最高,福建种群最低.大部分的遗传变异存在于种群内(64%),小部分的遗传变异存在种群间(36%).本文同时探讨了种群遗传保护和引种策略.     

山东三个野大豆居群的遗传多样性研究

本实验运用RAPD,ISSR及SSR三种分子标记方法,对山东东营、济南和青岛三个地区野大豆的自然居群进行遗传多样性研究.结果表明:这三个地区的野大豆具有遗传多样性,其中济南和东营的野大豆居群亲缘关系较近,与青岛的亲缘关系较远,为野大豆的进一步开发利用提供了一定的遗传多样性基础.     

利用ISSR和SRAP标记分析油茶遗传多样性

利用ISSR和SRAP分子标记对192份油茶种质材料的遗传多样性进行了分析。其中,以ISSR标记筛选出10条引物,共扩增出118个位点,多态性位点104个,多态性百分率88.14%,相似系数为0.52～1.00;以SRAP标记挑选了12对引物,共扩增出284个位点,多态性位点244个,多态性百分率85.37%,相似系数为0.65～0.95。对ISSR、SRAP以及二者的混合数据形成的3个遗传相似矩阵进行相关性研究,得到ISSR和SRAP、ISSR和综合数据以及SRAP和综合数据之间均呈极显著相关,说明这两种分子标记对油茶种质材料的遗传多样性分析具有较高的一致性,且SRAP标记具有更高的可信度。聚类分析发现,以ISSR标记在相似系数为0.68时可划分为6个类群,以SRAP标记在相似系数为0.70时也划分为6个类群,且这些油茶种质材料间的亲缘关系较近。但由聚类分析划分的油茶类群来看,这些油茶种质材料遗传背景又比较复杂,具有丰富的遗传多样性。     

条斑紫菜不同栽培品系的遗传多样性分析

【目的】确定通过杂交和突变选育出的条斑紫菜(Pyropia yezoensis)栽培品系的遗传多样性。【方法】采用简单重复序列区间(Inter simple sequence repeat,ISSR)、扩增片段长度多态性(Amplified fragment length polymorphism,AFLP)和随机扩增多态性DNA(Random amplified polymorphism DNA,RAPD)等3种分子标记对条斑紫菜不同栽培品系进行遗传多样性分析。【结果】3种分子标记的多态性比率分别为38.10%、38.95%和61.75%;所表现出来的不同栽培品系间遗传距离分别为0.1785,0.1029和0.2845;3种分子标记聚类结果并不完全一致,但可以看出Y-0602、Y-HA01和Y-H001总是聚类在一起,而Y-DL02倾向于单独聚为一支。【结论】通过诱变和杂交所选育的品系,在遗传角度上仍然属于条斑紫菜,但已形成不同栽培品系,具有一定的遗传多样性。     

棉花种质资源多样性的ISSR聚类分析及主成分分析

利用ISSR分子标记对48份棉花种质资源的亲缘关系及遗传多样性进行分析,结果显示,筛选出的10个ISSR引物扩增出的112条带中,多态性条带占101条,为总条带的90.18%.每个引物均可扩增4～21个多态性位点,平均10.10个,引物平均多样性信息指数(PIC)和多态性谱带百分率(PPB)分别为0.76和87.88%.利用NT-SYSpc 2.1统计分析软件中的UPMGA法对48份棉花种质资源构建亲缘关系树状图,在遗传相似性系数(GS)为0.66水平上可将所有参试材料聚成两大类,且与主成分分析(PCA)结果基本吻合.ISSR标记揭示出这48份棉花种质资源遗传多样性较小,遗传基础比较狭窄.     

油松遗传多样性研究的ISSR—PCR体系优化与初步应用

以油松基因组DNA为模板,对影响ISSR-PCR的主要因素进行研究,建立了适宜于油松的ISSR-PCR优化体系及扩增程序;并采用lSSR标记对山西灵空山和陕西洛南2个油松种群的遗传多样性进行了分析,同时将此结果与使用RAPD标记的研究结果进行了对比.结果表明,在20μL反应体系中,模板DNA、Mg2+、dNTPs、Taq DNA聚合酶和引物5种主要成分的最适浓度分别为40 ng、2.5 mmol·L-1、0.20 mmol·L-1、1 U和0.5 μmol·L-1.扩增程序为:94℃预变性5 min;94℃变性30s,最适温度(54～56℃)退火45s,72℃延伸2min.共计35个循环;循环结束后72℃延伸7min,4℃保存.山西灵空山和陕西洛南2个油松种群的Nei's遗传多样性分别为0.3520和0.3514,前者的遗传多样性显著高于后者(P<0.001).使用ISSR标记与RAPD标记所获结果基本一致,但是lSSR标记优于RAPD标记.     

我国东部六个鸭儿芹群体遗传多样性的ISSR分析*

基于ISSR分子标记,对采自浙江磐安大盘山、临安清凉峰、临安昌化、金华北山双龙洞附近、金华北山朝真洞附近和上海奉贤(栽培)的六个鸭儿芹(Cryptotaenia japonica)群体的 70个个本进行了遗传多样性分析。从9条筛选出的ISSR引物共扩增出149条带,其中136 条具有多态性,多态性条带百分率为91.28%。基于ISSR标记计算了六个鸭儿芹群体的遗传多样性指数,发现它们的Nei 的基因多样性指数(H)为 0.1971,Shannon信息多态性指数(I)为0.3086,Nm指数为0.3343。六个群体遗传分化系数Nm为0.5993,表明59.93%的遗传分化存在于群体间,40.07%的遗传分化存在于群体内,群体群体间的基因流为0.3237,表明供鸭儿芹群体之间基因流较小,遗传漂变已造成鸭儿芹群体之间较强的遗传分化。基于136个位点,构建了反映各样本间遗传亲缘关系的系统聚类图,结果表明,从70个样本中可以区分出5个类群,其中金华北山采的两个群体为一个灰群,与地理位置有很强的对应性。因此,在今后的鸭儿芹引种栽培时,注意从不产地的鸭儿芹种源中进行引种,以丰富栽培种的遗传多样性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with