Synthesis and characterization of Au@Pt nanoparticles

Aucore-Ptshell （Au@Pt） nanoparticles were synthesized at room temperature by reducing K2PtCl6 with hydrogen in the solution containing Au colloids and polyvinylpyrrolidone （PVP）. The particles obtained were characterized with UV-Vis, TEM and XPS techniques. UV-Vis spectra show that the surface plasmon absorption feature of Au colloids is significantly reduced with increasing the amount of reduced Pt. TEM images that the metals are found always appear as spherical nanoparticles and their sizes grow apparently due to the reduction of PtCl6^2- ions, indicating that Pt is deposited from solution onto Au particle surface and forms a Pt-layer with uniform thickness. In the XPS spectra, the signals of Au metal decrease due to the reductive deposition of Pt on the surface of the Au colloids. UV-Vis and XPS data are consistent in showing that when the amount of Pt in the AuPt colloids is increased to reach an overall atomic ratio of Pt/Au=2, the Pt deposits form a shell covering completely the surface of Au particles, demonstrating the core-shell structure of the synthesized AuPt particles.     

氨基硅烷化磁性纳米粒子的制备与表征

采用化学共沉淀法,以FeCl3.6H2O和FeSO4.7H2O为原料制备磁性Fe3O4纳米颗粒,采用3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(APTES)偶联剂对其进行修饰,获得表面氨基化的磁性Fe3O4纳米复合颗粒。通过FTIR、TEM、TGA、VSM和氨基测定等分析手段对其结构和性能进行了表征,分析了硅烷试剂使用量对磁性纳米复合微球磁性能和包覆率的影响。结果表明:APTES成功包覆到磁性纳米粒子表面,包覆层随着硅烷用量增加逐渐趋于完整并增厚;当硅烷用量较少时,随着用量的增加,磁性能略有提高,而当硅烷用量达到一定值之后,继续增加用量,磁性能降低。     

Synthesis,characterization and magnetic properties of KFeO2 nanoparticles prepared by a simple egg white solution route

Nanoparticles of potassium ferrite(KFeO₂)in this work were synthesized by a simple egg white solution method upon calcination in air at 773,873,and 973 K for 2 h.The effects of calcination temperature on the structural and magnetic properties of the synthesized KFeO₂ nanoparticles were investigated.By varying the calcination temperature,X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy results indicated the changes in crystallinity and morphology including particle size,respectively.Notably,the reduction in particle size of the synthesized KFeO₂ was found to have a remarkable influence on the magnetic properties.At room temperature,the synthesized KFeO₂ nanoparticles prepared at 873 K exhibited the highest saturation magnetization(M_S)of 2.07×10⁴ A·m^?1.In addition,the coercivity(H_C)increased from 3.51 to 16.89 kA·m^?1 as the calcination temperature increased to 973 K.The zero-field cooled(ZFC)results showed that the blocking temperatures(T_B)of about 125 and 85 K were observed in the samples calcined at 773 and 873 K,respectively.Therefore,this work showed that the egg white solution method is simple,cost effective,and environmentally friendly for the preparation of KFeO₂ nanoparticles.     

一种新型基于分子印迹原理的纳米荧光粒子的制备与表征

采用沉淀聚合法,以甲基丙烯酸为功能单体,三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂,偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂,乙腈为溶剂,成功制备了一种基于分子印迹原理的包裹荧光素和罗丹明类染料的新型荧光纳米颗粒(粒径为100 nm).结果表明,该荧光纳米粒子其他核壳型荧光纳米颗粒相比,具有泄漏率低,光稳定性优异的特点.荧光免疫分析表明该纳米粒子可以应用于生物分析中.     

铜纳米颗粒的制备与表征

 在乙醇-水体系中,碱性条件和CTAB的存在下,以硼氢化钠为还原剂,硝酸铜为铜源,制备了铜纳米颗粒的水溶胶;然后以S-十二烷-N-二硫代氨基甲酸酯-聚丙烯酰胺(PAMDTCD)为修饰剂和相转移剂,将铜纳米颗粒从水相转移到油相中.利用FTIR,TEM,XPS和XRD对所得的铜纳米颗粒进行了表征.结果表明,PAMDTCD能在铜纳米颗粒表面形成紧密的吸附层,有助于提高铜纳米颗粒的稳定性和分散性.     

淀粉保护的银纳米粒子的合成及表征

用液相过程制备纳米银粒子.制备过程中淀粉作保护剂、柠檬酸钠作还原剂,得到了Ag纳米粒子.利用透射电子显微镜（TEM）和紫外-可见吸收（UV-Vis）光谱,对Ag纳米粒子的形貌、粒度及其分布进行了性能表征,结果表明：在所选择的实验条件下制备了形貌呈球形,颗粒分散较为均匀,粒度分布集中,且粒径大约在20 nm左右的银纳米粒子;并讨论了淀粉在一定的浓度范围内能有效地防止纳米银颗粒的团聚,其保护作用显著.     

表面活性剂辅助铈掺杂纳米氧化锆的合成与表征

利用阳离子表面活性剂(CTAB)的辅助途径,通过前期的制备工艺实现了金属铈对纳米氧化锆的掺杂改性.借助XRD、TEM、UV-Vis以及N2吸附-脱附等方法对样品进行了表征分析.研究表明,金属铈离子进入氧化锆当中,掺杂改性后的氧化锆热稳定性显著提高,并且具有一定的介孔结构.     

Synthesis and characterization of carbon-coated cobalt ferrite nanoparticles

Cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CFNPs) were prepared via a reverse micelle method. The CFNPs were subsequently coated with carbon shells by means of thermal chemical vapor deposition (TCVD). In this process, acetylene gas (C₂H₂) was used as a carbon source and the coating was carried out for 1, 2, or 3 h at 750°C. The Ar/C₂H₂ ratio was 10:1. Heating during the TCVD process resulted in a NP core size that approached 30 nm; the thickness of the shell was less than 10 nm. The composition, structure, and morphology of the fabricated composites were characterized using X-ray diffraction, simultaneous thermal analysis, transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and selected-area diffraction. A vibrating sample magnetometer was used to survey the samples’ magnetic properties. The deposited carbon shell substantially affected the growth and magnetic properties of the CFNPs. Micro-Raman spectroscopy was used to study the carbon coating and revealed that the deposited carbon comprised graphite, multiwalled carbon nanotubes, and diamond- like carbon. With an increase in coating time, the intensity ratio between the amorphous and ordered peaks in the Raman spectra decreased, which indicated an increase in crystallite size.     

Synthesis and characterization of bifunctional terbium complex-based nanoparticles

Novel bifunctional terbium complex-based nanoparticles were developed using a modified Stber method and a layer-by-layer assembly process. A magnetic core of Fe3O4 nanoparticles was coated with a silica shell to form the first layer. Then a ternary Tb3+ complex (TESPPA-Tb), which acted as a luminescent marker, was covalently bound to the silica surface by stable Si-O-Si bonds. The TESPPA monomer was synthesized by binding pyridine 2,6-dicarboxylic acid to 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, which was used as a ligand for coordination with the Tb3+ ions. An outer shell of silica was applied to the nanoparticles to allow for versatility with surface functionalization. The nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultravioletvisible spectroscopy, vibration sample magnetometer, and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The bifunctional nanoparticles exhibited favorable superparamagnetic behavior and photoluminescence properties of Tb3+. These nanoparticles have potential applications in biolabeling, bioseparation, immunoassays, and pathogenic diagnosis.     

掺铝氧化锌纳米粉体的制备及性能研究

采用溶胶凝胶法制备掺铝氧化锌(AZO)纳米粉体,将其用硅烷偶联剂表面改性,采用溶液共混法制备出聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)/掺铝氧化锌(AZO)复合膜片.用热重差示扫描量热分析、X线衍射分析、透射电镜、激光粒度分析仪、紫外-可见分光光度仪、紫外-可见-近红外分光光度仪对AZO粉体及其改性后的无水乙醇分散液和PVB/AZO)...     

可单波长激发的荧光纳米粒子的合成与表征

根据荧光共振能量转移(FRET)原理,先选定了能级匹配的给体(4-乙氧基-9-(2-羟乙基)-1,8-萘二甲酰亚胺(EHNI))和受体(硝基苯并二恶唑基染料(NBD)),采用一步细乳液聚合方法将这2种生色团引入单个的聚合物纳米粒子.制得的荧光纳米粒子兼有EHNI和NBD 2种染料的光谱特性,证明了2种生色团已经结合进入纳米粒子中.并且通过改变这2种染料的掺杂比例,在单一波长激发下,通过发生荧光共振能量转移,聚合物纳米粒子表现出多色,及可调控、可区分的荧光发射信号.     

适于标记核酸适配子胶体金的制备及性能

为了获得适于标记寡核苷酸适配子的胶体金,对制备工艺条件进行了优化:20 mL 0.1 g/L氯金酸溶液中添加10 g/L柠檬酸三钠500 μL,pH=3.0,初始沸腾时间小于4 min,加入还原剂后反应时间为6 min.通过紫外可见光谱扫描和透射电镜对其性能进行鉴定,获得了分散均匀、直径15～20 nm的胶体金颗粒,可准确标记核酸适配子,且将胶体金标记的链霉素适配子与半抗原小分子链霉素进行反应,可对链霉素进行定性和半定量检测,满足利用胶体金标记适配子检测靶物质的需要.     

核壳结构纳米二氧化硅/聚丙烯酸酯复合乳液粒子的制备及性能

采用种子乳液聚合法制备了低乳化剂含量的核壳结构纳米二氧化硅/聚丙烯酸酯复合乳液粒子,通过红外光谱仪（FT-IR）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜 （TEM）、热重分析仪（TG）和水接触角仪对样品进行了表征。结果表明,核壳结构复合乳液粒子以纳米二氧化硅为核,聚丙烯酸酯为壳;复合乳液中乳化剂含量为丙烯酸酯质量的0.9%,随着纳米二氧化硅含量的增加,凝胶率增大,反应转化率降低,纳米二氧化硅大量存在于凝胶物中;核壳结构的纳米二氧化硅/聚丙烯酸酯复合乳液与水的接触角变小,复合乳液胶膜热稳性优于纯丙胶膜。     

SiO_2-含氟丙烯酸酯核壳纳米复合乳胶粒子的制备和表征

以纳米SiO2水溶胶为种子,通过种子乳液聚合法合成了壳中含氟的SiO2-含氟丙烯酸酯核壳纳米复合乳胶粒子.通过透射电镜及动态光散射法证实了该乳胶粒子的微观核壳结构,并且该乳液的粒径分布窄,乳胶粒子大小均匀.另外,利用红外光谱及表面光电子能谱分析了乳胶粒子的化学结构,结果证明含氟丙烯酸酯单体能够通过种子乳液聚合方法引入到核壳结构乳胶粒子中.     

Cr3+掺杂的TiO2纳米复合微粒的合成及表征

利用酸催化的溶胶-凝胶法合成了一系列不同Cr3 掺杂量的TiO2纳米复合微粒.用XRD,TEM,UV-Vis等技术进行了结构表征.结果表明利用该法所合成的Cr3 /TiO2纳米复合微粒尺寸小(约10 nm),粒度分布范围窄;在所研究的掺杂量范围内(x:0～0.1000),该纳米复合粒子的粒径随Cr3 掺杂量的增加呈减小的趋势,但幅度不大.从XRD中,没有发现Cr2O3相的偏析和TiO2由锐钛矿向金红石的相转变;TiO2的衍射峰随Cr3 掺杂量的增加有宽化和强度减弱的现象.UV-Vis光谱结果显示:由于Cr3 的加入,该纳米复合微粒对光的吸收拓展到了可见区,同时随着Cr3 掺杂量的增加,对可见光的吸收强度显著增强.     

银纳米/氨基硫脲复合物的合成 、表征及光学性质研究

采用微波加热反应,以AgNO_3、氨基硫脲(TSC)为原料,在PVP保护下采用一步合成法制备银纳米/氨基硫脲复合物(AgNPs-TSC),并通过紫外可见光谱(UV-Vis)、X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、透射电镜(TEM)、拉曼光谱和热失重(TGA)等分析方法对其进行分析和表征.结果表明:微波反应时间不影响银纳米颗粒的形态;纳米复合物颗粒平均粒径在30nm左右,形状为球形或类球形;TSC分子是通过配位键覆在银纳米颗粒表面上.同时通过荧光光谱研究复合前后的荧光变化,并通过Z-扫描研究了复合后非线性光学性质的变化,表明复合后双光子吸收系数吸收截面以及三阶非线性光极化率均有明显增强,是一种较好的非线性光学材料.     

金/二氧化硅中空核壳纳米球的制备与表征

采用水热反应法和正硅酸乙酯水解法制备出核壳结构的Au/C纳米球颗粒以及夹层结构的Au/C/SiO<,2>纳米球颗粒,在空气中锻烧将Au/C/SiO<,2>夹层结构中的碳层除去,得到内部带有可移动纳米金核、壳层厚度约为20 nM的中空Au/SiO<,2>纳米球颗粒.用透射电子显微镜对所制得的纳米微球的形貌进行表征,并用红...     

Synthesis, characterization and size control of zerovalent iron nanoparticles anchored on montmorillonite

Zerovalent iron nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized using sodium borohydride solution reduction of ferric trichloride hexahydrate in the presence of montmorillonite as an effective protective reagent and support as well. A combination of characterizations reveals that with high monodispersity these obtained iron nanoparticles are well dispersed on clay surface, virginal from boron related impurity, and oxidation resistant well with iron core-iron oxide shell structure. The shell thickness of 3 ...     

Fe3O4纳米粒子的合成与表征

以P123胶束作为"纳米反应器",采用水溶液法合成了Fe3O4纳米粒子.采用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和样品振动磁强计等现代化分析测试手段对产物的形貌、结构和磁性进行了测试表征.结果表明,合成的Fe3O4纳米粒子粒径大小在30～120 nm可控,它们在常...     

室温合成硒化银纳米粒子及其X射线光电子能谱表征

在室温下制备了硒化银纳米粒子,本过程选用了新型的还原剂多聚甲醛。所得产物用X射线光电子能谱、X射线粉末衍射和透射电镜进行了表征。