基于边缘拟合和数字孪生的机器人运动控制系统研究

提出一种基于边缘拟合和数字孪生的机器人运动控制系统.通过深度图像和RGB图像获取目标物体信息,并进行边缘提取,通过边缘拟合得到目标的边缘轮廓,根据其轮廓计算目标物体的中心点坐标,从而实现准确的目标识别与定位.采用数字孪生方法对机器人实时运行状态进行同步显示.试验表明该方法对圆形物体的识别与定位具有高准确性和鲁棒性,在数字孪生平台上运行具有可靠性与实时性,有一定的实用价值.     

一种基于轮廓特征的运动目标识别方法

针对视频图像中形状匹配的局限性,即当待检测物体出现平移、旋转变化时识别目标需要很长的计算时间,提出了一种基于轮廓特征的运动目标识别方法.首先获取能自动更新的背景图像,采用背景减法提取运动目标的轮廓,然后运用其轮廓的边界不变矩特征和形态学特征,构建一个轮廓特征向量的模型,再分析比较待测运动目标轮廓特征向量与每类标准样本之间的欧氏距离,实现对运动目标的识别分类. 试验结果表明,该方法具有识别精度高、计算量小、实时性好的特点.     

目标移动情况下SSPA输出信号的分析

自扫描光电二极管阵列图像传感器用于物体测量时，物体的外型尺寸反映在图像传感器的输出信号里，对物体的识别测量以及指标的提高很大程度上取决于对视频输出信号的特征的提取。基于对自扫描光电二极管阵列图像传感器输出信号的分析的要求，文中根据光电二极管光电转换原理，从理论上分析了自扫描光电二极管线阵列图像传感器拍摄运动目标识别视频输出信号的数学模型，分析了用比较法处理视频输出信号时可能出现的误差大小，理论分析结果与传感器输出的实际波形相吻合。     

结合光流法与最近邻算法的运动目标检测

运动目标检测具有广泛的理论和现实意义,光流法是检测运动目标的重要方法之一。但是用于运动目标检测的光流算法却有着计算量大、处理复杂的问题。一种聚类分析算法和改进的LK光流法相结合检测方案可以很好地解决此类问题。对基于改进的LK光流法的运动目标检测算法进行了分析和仿真,再加以聚类分析使得检测出的运动目标更加准确。首先对图像序列进行采样与预处理,并利用LK光流法计算得出相邻帧图像的光流场,然后再利用最近邻聚类算法对得到的光流场进行处理,进而检测出图像中的运动目标,最后使用Matlab软件进行算法程序验证。通过实验可知,基于金字塔LK光流法与最近邻算法的运动目标检测方案可以更加有效地检测出运动物体。     

汽车智能驾驶系统中运动图像的实时检测与跟踪

采用CCD摄像机获取运动目标图像序列,用基于背景重建的运动变化,对运动目标检测;通过运动分割并求运动梯度计算出物体运动方向;利用目标的短时相似性,完成对目标的跟踪与识别,并进而实现对目标长时间的稳定跟踪,确定目标的运动规律,实现运动图像实时检测与跟踪的目的.基于上述运动目标检测跟踪算法,利用C++编写了实时处理程序,实现了动态单目标、多目标及不同方向运动目标的检测与跟踪.实验证明,本算法可以实现对单运动目标和多运动目标的实时检测与跟踪,具有很高的鲁棒性,效果良好.     

嵌入式视觉实时跟踪系统

在差分得到的二值图像基础上，采用快速搜索算法确定运动物体，并用光流场方法跟踪运动目标。作者选择TMS320作为视觉跟踪系统的硬件平台，采用摄像机获取场景图像，通过软件捕捉场景图像中的运动物体，识别物体运动的方向和距离，实现了视觉实时跟踪功能。在此基础上，完成了分立器件构成的嵌入式视觉实时跟踪系统的设计，对于视觉技术的实际应用具有一定工程意义。     

运动目标识别中的噪声滤除技术

分析了图像法识别运动参数的基本原理及噪声对目标识别的影响；分析了几种低通滤波器和非线性滤波器去除噪声的原理，结合实际应用对同一图像应用不同滤波器进行了处理，并对实验结果进行了分析。     

基于Mask R-CNN的物体识别和定位

为了让机器人能识别物体类别、探测物体形状、判断物体距离,提出一种基于Mask R-CNN模型的双目视觉的物体识别和定位方法。该方法利用Mask R-CNN处理双目图像,对每张图像进行物体识别和形状分割,然后利用神经网络特征对双目图像中的相同目标进行匹配。以物体形状为依据,使用最近点搜索算法估计视差并计算距离。实验结果表明,该方法能够以准实时的速度进行物体的识别和定位,与传统的依赖计算全局视差图的方法相比,在速度和精度上都有提高。     

周界视频监控中抛物检测算法

抛物(如手雷与炸弹等)一般是快速运动的小目标,信噪比极低,通常的目标检测算法失效.针对周界视频监控的特殊应用需求,提出抛物检测与识别算法.首先使用相隔8帧做差法,检测每帧图像中的抛物目标;然后利用改进型Hough变换从运动能量图像中提取目标轨迹的形状特征,通过分析运动历史图像的时间标签,获取目标的运动特征;最后使用树形分类器识别抛物.该算法避免了先跟踪后识别算法中的目标匹配过程,极大减少了计算量,而且在噪声环境中,具有很强的鲁棒性.实验结果表明,对于CIF格式的视频,在60 m范围内对包括网球在内的抛物,该算法检测率超过92%.     

一种有效的运动人体目标检测算法

运动目标检测是智能监控系统的重要组成部分,检测效果的好坏直接关系到目标跟踪及后续行为识别的效果,是整个系统优劣和实用性的关键.提出一种人体运动目标检测算法,采用背景减除法提取运动目标,自适应阈值对差分图像进行二值化处理及形态学处理.并利用LOG边缘检测算子,进一步提取目标轮廓,减少冗余,简化后续处理中算法的复杂度、减少运算时间.实验结果充分证明了该算法的有效性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with