螺旋管束流体弹性不稳定的解析模型

本文根据螺旋管束流动诱发振动的实验研究结果，及冲刷螺旋管阵流场的观测结果，提出了一种螺旋管束流体弹性不稳定的解析模型，获得了螺旋管束流体弹性不稳定分析所需的流体力系数，给出了螺旋管束拽力方向静力不稳定分析的解析表达式。解析模型与实验结果符合良好。     

具有负载平衡动态路由选择的排队网络的稳定性研究

研究了具有负载平衡动态路由选择的排队网络的稳定性问题．首先在描述排队网络动态行为的关系式组的基础上，利用强大数定律得到了一个与流体模型关系式组和流体极限的定义相关的引理．其次对该关系式组进行流体极限处理后得到了流体模型关系式组，并给出了证明．在该网络稳定和不稳定分别与其对应的流体模型稳定和弱不稳定之间的关系的前提条件下，把排队网络的稳定性问题简化为与该网络对应的流体模型的稳定性问题．最后在一个齐次假设条件下得到了网络稳定的充要条件以及排队网络不稳定的充分条件．     

换热器内弹性管束流体组合诱导振动响应的数值分析

为了探讨换热器内弹性管束在流体诱导下的振动特性,采用流固耦合的弱耦合法,研究了弹性管束在不同流速的壳程和管程两场流体组合诱导下的振动响应,并对比分析了壳程流体和管程流体对弹性管束振动响应的影响。研究表明:当壳程和管程流速一定时,弹性管束两监测点各方向的振动主频、谐频大小一致,且振动主要体现为面内振动。壳程流速较低时,监测点沿壳程流速方向的位移曲线存在明显的二倍谐频。壳程流速变化对管束振动响应的影响较大,管程流速变化对管束振动响应的影响较小,说明弹性管束的振动主要由壳程流体引起。由于流体的冲击和管束重力的影响,当壳程流速较低时,管束沿壳程流速方向的振动平衡位置较低,随着流速的增加,管束沿壳程流速方向的振动平衡位置逐渐上移。     

采用不同管排组合的换热器弹性管束壳程流体诱导振动响应

为了研究换热器内弹性管束在壳程流体诱导下的振动特性,利用流固耦合的顺序求解法,对换热器内不同管排间距和不同管排数条件下多排弹性管束在壳程流体诱导下的振动响应进行了数值分析;提出了分割式网格划分策略,可大幅度提高网格划分的精度、效率和灵活性;提出了粗算加精算的分步计算策略,可大幅度减少计算时间,提高计算效率。研究表明:在壳程流体诱导下,换热器内各排弹性管束的振动主要表现为面外振动,且振动的均匀性较差;大不锈钢连接体上监测点的振幅受管排间距的影响较大,小不锈钢连接体上监测点的频率受管排间距的影响也较大;当管排间距较小时,各排弹性管束间的相互影响较强;当管排数增加时,各排管束的振动均匀性降低。     

流体诱导振动强化传热的试验研究

通过对一种新型传热元件——弹性管束的传热试验研究发现：诱导振动加强了传热管周围的流体的扰动而达到强化传热的目的．当来流Ｒｅ＜４００时,管外对流换热系数较固定单管提高３倍以上．在换热器的不同高度上的弹性管束,换热能力随诱振方式不同而存在差异．     

低密度流体冲刷下螺旋管束的振动行为

在西安交通大学风洞台架上，针对２００ＭＷ高温气冷堆蒸汽发生器设计参数所建立的实验模型，研究了蒸汽发生器中螺旋管管束在横向低密度流体冲刷下的振动行为。针对发生流体弹性不稳定现象时的临界流速；不同螺旋半径上相邻管的相互影响；同一螺旋半径上、下游管的相互影响等问题作了讨论。获得的结果对高温气冷堆氦气蒸汽发生器的设计提供了依据，同时亦为螺旋管束的诱发振动理论计算和理论模型的建立提供实验依据。     

换热器直管自振频率的研究

管壳式换热器会因流体流动引起管束的振动而导致严重的破坏。在设计换热器时,为了解决流体诱导的振动问题,必须预测管子的自振频率。本文提出一种计算换热器管子自振频率的新方法。把换热器管子当作连续梁,中间折流板视为简支,两端视为固定端由管板固定。计算结果与试验数据表明,本文所述方法可用于计算多跨不等跨长管子的自振频率,并且具有精度高、比现有公式应用范围广和便于手算电算等优点。     

弹性支承输流管流固耦联动力稳定性的研究

本文研究了输流管在弹性支承下,输送定常流体和脉动流体时的动力稳定性,建立了输送流体的弹性支承管和内流耦联振动的控制方程.用液流动压力取代内流对于管子的附加质量惯性力,使理论方程计算更加精确.本文采用级数形式解,寻求参数主共振区域和次共振区域,获得了较为满意的计算结果.计算值与实验值吻合较好.通过研究,得到如下结论:平均流速的增大使不稳定区域下移;脉动值增大使不稳定区域加宽;结构阻尼增大推迟不稳定区域的出现.这些结论在设计输流管、热交换器和生产应用中都有重要参考价值.     

壳程多通道管壳式换热器中并列分置管束长宽比与深度换热

为研究壳程多通道管壳式换热器中并列分置管束长宽比锐减对其内部速度场及深度换热性能的影响,抽取具有代表性的单元流路区域建立并列分置管束模型.对长宽比范围在1.85～9.23、传热管数目分别为10,20,30,40和50的5个并列分置管束模型应用FLUENT软件进行了数值模拟.研究结果表明:当管程与壳程轴流段平均速度均为10 m/s时,随长宽比锐减,并列分置管束换热性能下降且壳程阻力显著增加,壳程流体速度分布越来越不均匀.在典型工况下,长宽比大于4.62的并列分置管束中冷流体出口温度高于热流体出口温度,即可以实现深度换热,在长宽比小于3.08的并列分置管束模型中不能实现深度换热.这为壳程多通道管壳式换热器的结构设计提供参考依据.     

换热器管束流体激振的研究现状评估及新方法

换热器管束的流体激振问题是严重影响其运行安全性的一个关键问题。该文对近年来国内外对此问题的研究进行了综述与评估。根据以往在叶轮机械流体激振研究方面开创的理论系统和研究方法,作者提出了通过应用振荡流体力学原理和参数多项式方法去求解流体基本方程,从而确定流体激振力的方法,应用全功能分析方法来准确预估流体弹性振动的稳定性边界,应用振荡压力传播理论来分析包括声共振在内的流体激振现象。这些思想为换热器管束流体激振研究指引了一条新途径。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that