退耕还林生态补偿制度的经济分析

生态补偿制度是生态退耕计划顺利实施的重要保障,本文运用外部性原理和供求关系图对退耕还林中进行生态补偿的必要性和意义进行了论证,对我国现有的生态补偿制度进行了剖析,指出现有规定存在可操作性差、补偿主体单一、补偿标准不科学性等问题,在此基础上,本文提出了相关的完善对策,并通过建立模型设计了制定科学补偿标准的测算方式。     

武汉城市圈生态环境保护一体化机制创新研究

从武汉城市圈的地域特点出发,分析武汉城市圈生态环境一体化的必要性,并对当前存在的主要生态环境问题进行研究,解析导致武汉城市圈生态环境问题的深层制度原因,进而致力于武汉城市圈生态环境保护一体化机制创新的研究,以推进武汉城市圈生态环境保护一体化.提出了从环保联席会议制度、环境监测协调机制及环保联合执法3个方面建立环境合作协...     

跨省流域生态补偿法律制度的困境及对策分析

我国当前流域生态补偿制度建设正处于起步阶段,流域生态补偿过程中存在的补偿主体缺失、补偿客体不明确以及补偿方式单一等问题.而建立跨省流域生态补偿制度面临流域整体性与管辖区域性间的矛盾、立法分散化及碎片化、政府间协商机制尚未建立以及多元参与机制的缺失等困境.为解决流域生态补偿问题,打破跨省流域生态补偿制度构建的困境,文章通...     

浅析平潭及闽江口水资源配置工程中的生态补偿

生态补偿是以保护和可持续利用生态系统服务为目的,以经济手段为调节相关利益者关系的制度性安排.当前我国生态补偿的制度还欠完善,该文以平潭及闽江口水资源配置工程为例,从经济、行政、法律、科技以及文化等方面对生态补偿进行制度优化,供国内供水及其它类似工程参考.     

洞庭湖区蓄洪垸生态补偿机制研究——以澧南垸为例

以澧南垸为例探讨的洞庭湖区蓄洪垸生态补偿机制,包括补偿主体、补偿标准、补偿方式及补偿运行机制等。补偿主体是中央和地方政府,并由政府补偿逐步过渡到市场补偿。澧南垸生态补偿标准约为6 000元/hm.2a。补偿方式有政策补偿、资金补偿、智力补偿等。政府部门要通过承担责任、制定规章、加强宣传等办法促使湿地生态补偿机制的有效运行,并制定一系列的生态补偿措施。     

基于生态足迹的雷公山自然保护区生态补偿标准研究

搬迁移民或当地居民是否得到合理的生态补偿是自然保护区顺利建设和实现保护目标的关键环节,尤其是生态补偿标准的确定.本文以贵州省雷公山国家级自然保护区为案例,提出了一套基于生态足迹理论的生态补偿标准确定方法.该方法不仅考虑保护区居民生产用地的损失补偿,还以生态足迹为基础,计算了林产品、水产品、薪柴、牧草等生态系统为保护区居民社会经济活动提供的服务价值.结果表明,基于该方法得到的生态补偿标准,与保护区居民问卷调查结果差距较小,客观反映了居民的生态补偿意愿.该方法解决了以生态系统服务价值作为补偿标准过高,而仅以生产用地损失作为补偿标准过低的矛盾,可为其他保护区生态补偿标准的制定提供参考.     

征地补偿标准研究 --以重庆市沙坪坝区为例

近年来,征地问题受到前所未有的关注,征地补偿偏低是被征地农民反应最强烈的一个问题,引发这一问题的征地制度更成了关注的焦点.从经济学、社会学的角度,阐明了我国征地补偿制度的基本特征,探讨了目前征收土地补偿标准与社会经济可持续发展之间存在的诸多冲突,并结合当前实际情况,对制定新的征地政策提出了对策和建议.     

论我国森林生态效益补偿制度

鉴于我国生态效益补偿法律制度的相关规定不足的立法现状，应从立法层面构建综合的森林生态效益补偿法律体系，从制度层面建立森林现地区划制度、多元化的补偿基金筹集制度和区际生态补偿制度，同时要完善现有的补偿标准、补偿资金管理和监督制度。     

南水北调中线水源区生态补偿模式研究——基于市场化视角

通过对目前南水北调中线水源区生态补偿模式中出现的种种弊端分析后认为,应引入市场化的生态补偿模式:水权购买模式、水源区发展机会流转模式、公共产品市场交易模式.鉴于我国市场化生态补偿模式运作环境尚不成熟等原因,当前水源区的生态补偿模式仍以政府补偿模式为主,政府保障和公众参与两种辅助机制下的市场化生态补偿模式为辅.     

独立学院国际贸易专业"课证融合"式教学计划的思考

从国际环境和国内环境看,构建国际贸易专业学历证书与职业资格证书并存具有重要意义.在就业导向课程观指导下,积极发挥职业标准的就业导向机制,并通过双证课程的改革推动人才培养模式创新."课证融合"式教学计划是推行"双证制度"的关键,它的原则是融"证"入"课",以"课"为主,其制定过程包括社会调查、专业研讨、制定教学计划等三个主要阶段.本文着重分析了制定"课证融合"式教学计划的意义及思路.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that