极化中束缚电荷成因的微观机制

本文通过对两侧电介质极化现象的讨论，从实验和极化理论上解释了介质表面出现电荷分布的原因     

一维分子晶体的极化子-孤立子运动

本文考虑极化子与晶格振动的非线性耦合,研究了一维分子晶体中的极化子—孤立子运动,通过能量极小原理求得振动组态,导出了极化子几率幅的非线性薛定格方程,获得了带有孤立波形式的两类新的极化子—孤立子解,以及给出了相关的孤立子能量,有效质量及孤立子局域结果,其中钟型孤立子出现在极化子能带底部,而扭结型激发出现在极化子能带顶部.     

一维分子晶体的极化子-孤立子运动

考虑极化子与晶格振动的非线性耦合，研究了一维分子晶体中的极化子-孤立子运动。通过能量极小原理求得振动组态导出了极化子几率幅的非线性薛定谔方程，获得了带有孤立波形式的两类新的极化子-孤立子解，给出了相关的孤立于能量、有效质量及孤立子局域结果，其中钟型孤立子出现在极化子能带底部，而扭结型激发出现在极化子能带顶部。     

关于电介质内部的极化电荷

本文人电磁场理论出发，导出各赂同性线性电介质内、极化电荷与极化率、极化率梯度、自由电荷、以及电场强度之间的普遍关系式，进而总结出不出现极化电荷的三种情况和出现极化电的四种情况，这是文献「１」，「２」，「３」涉及到而未统一解决的问题。     

介质存在时静电场分布的几个问题

在电场中放入电介质时,介质将在电场作用下被极化,因而在介质内部及表面便出现宏观电荷分布,称为极化电荷。电介质存在三种不同的极化机制,即电子极化、离子极化和取向极化。电子极化是组成介质中原子的电子云在电场作用下相对于原子核发生位移。而离子极化是组成介质分子的正负离子在电场作用下从其平衡位置发生相对位移。这种情况均在电介质中出现分子电矩,并且在介质内分子电矩的矢量和不为零。取向极化是具有固定的分子电偶极矩的一些电介质,在没有外电场作用时,因分子的热运动,介质内任一物理无限小体积内分子电偶极矩的矢量和仍为零,但在电场作用下分子电矩向电场方向转动,而在介质内分子电偶极矩的矢量和不为零。单原子的电介质只有电子极化,所有的化合物都存在离子极化和电子极化;某些化合物同时存在三种极化现象。     

锂离子电池极化电压特性分析

以优化动力电池充放电控制策略为目标,主要采用实验方法开展了动力电池极化电压特性研究,分析了SOC、充放电倍率、充放电方式和环境温度等因素影响下极化电压的变化规律. 结果表明当10%<B_SOC<80%时,极化电压变化比较平缓,可接受高倍率充放电电流;充电倍率越高,极化电压稳定区域越小,在容量两端的极化现象越明显;不同温度下,极化电压对电池可用容量的影响也不一致,温度越低,极化电压对可充入电量影响越明显;在低温条件下,极化电压出现明显的累积现象,其中锰酸锂电池尤为严重.      

外磁场和电流共同驱动的磁纳米柱中磁矩动力学

针对自由层与自旋极化层均为垂直磁各向异性材料的磁纳米柱结构,基于Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert-Slonczewski(LLGS)方程,利用微磁学模拟方法,研究了外磁场和电流导致的自旋转矩效应所驱动的自由层磁矩翻转特性.模拟结果显示磁矩翻转曲线中出现了多个"凸起"的非正常翻转状态;且凸起区域出现的位置与外加磁场大小、纳米柱尺寸和垂直磁各向异性相关,而与极化层磁矩的倾角大小无关.在自旋极化层的磁矩倾角给定时,凸起区域出现的磁矩状态有亚稳态、振荡态、稳定态3种.给出建立了它们随磁场和极化层倾角变化的参数相图.     

聚噻吩(PT)的基态及极化子和双极化子激发态

通过对 C—S—C 重整化,提出了聚噻吩的一维紧束缚模型,并对其基态,极化子和双极化子激发态进行了数值计算,得到了一个双极化子比两个单极化子更容易激发的结论,在能带中除发现带隙内的两个极化子定域能级外,还发现导带和价带都要发生二劈裂,且极化子的存在使得带边上出现浅能级,它们对应的电子态均是定域的。计算还发现,S 原子的存在使得电子—空穴对称性遭到了破坏。     

齐分子吡咯中极化子和双极化子及其稳定性

采用半经验Austin Model 1(AM1)方法，计算了齐分子吡咯聚合物(PPy)的中性态和带电态的几何结构性质．与中性态相比，带电态下其分子结构表现在C-C键长发生显著改变，单电荷掺杂导致极化子元激发；当掺杂的双电荷随机放置时，出现了两种情况：一种情况下产生双极化子，另一种情况下会产生两个分立的极化子．通过控制链的长度．可实现极化子与双极化子之间的相变，从而揭示出在有机半导体材料中实现自旋极化输运的可能性．     

表面激子极化激元的定域化

在存在着随机粗糙和空间色散时，利用了一个数字模型研究表面激子极化激元的定域化．发现定域化出现在表面激子极化激元的最大频率附近，在广延态上的衰减长度大于定域态上的衰减长度，表面激子极化激元的定域化是受到粗糙表面散射波的毁灭性干涉所引起的．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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