外源基因1Dx5在转基因小麦后代中的表达

采用PCR和SDS-PAGE技术,分析研究了转基因小麦后代外源品质基因1Dx5的遗传分离及表达规律,结果显示:转基因小麦后代的遗传分离完全符合孟得尔遗传分离规律,转基因植株都达到了纯合状态,1Dx5基因在转基因植株中已经稳定整合并稳定遗传,并发现了超表达的差异表达现象,在转基因植株中没有发现基因沉默现象.     

表达雪花莲外源凝集素基因的油菜转基因植株的获得

利用农杆菌素LBA4404（pCAMBIA3300RG)转化优良甘蓝型油菜恢复系W723的下胚轴节段.pCAM-BIA3300RG含有Rssl启动子引导的雪花莲外源凝集素基因（gna）和CaMV-35S启动子引导的除草剂抗性基因（bar）。经过两轮除草剂（2.5mg/L bialaphos）筛选（两周/轮）,除草剂抗性再生芽被传入生根培养基中生根,对根系旺盛生长的植株中所含gna基因进行PCR分析,PCR分析证实了这些植株确为转基因植株,利用Western印迹法对随机选择的5株含gna基因的转基因植株的分析发现,其中4株表达了gna基因。目前正对这些表达gna基因的转基因植株进行后代遗传分离分析。     

外源基因在转基因马铃薯植株中的异常表达

根癌农杆菌感染马铃薯叶盘伤口细胞并进行共培养转化，感染叶盘筛选培养基上可获得卡那霉象抗性的转化愈伤组织，并在转化细胞中检测到ＮＰＴⅡ酶活性，在两种分化培养基上转化愈伤组织的分化率分别为１７％和２０％，ＤＮＡ分子杂交证实以双向载体质粒ＰＰＺＨ１上的ｎｐｔⅡ基因和ｚｅｉｎ－ＨＥＡＡＥ融俣基因均已导入并整合到马铃薯再生植株基因组中，导入的外源基因引起了转基因气生块茎中氨基酸组分的变化，大多数氨基酸含量有     

外源基因在转基因动物乳腺中的特异性表达研究

动物基因工程研究最大的突破就是转基因动物研究的进展,自八十年代初第一批转基因小鼠问世以来,转基因动物的研究已从方法学研究步入了应用性研究阶段,转基因动物除作为研究工具广泛应用于发育生物学、免疫学、遗传学以及医学等生命科学领域外,外源基因在转基因动物的特异性表达,尤其是在乳腺的表达,又可将转基因用作生物反应器进行了生物活性蛋白的生产而于商业生产,在转基因动物乳腺的特异性表达研究中,寻找乳蛋白基因调控     

外源基因（bar）在转基因燕麦（AvenasativaL.）后代中的遗传与表达

通过微弹轰击获得的含有ｂａｒ基因的转基因燕麦植株自交产生转基因后代。利用ＰＣＲ方法检测ｂａｒ基因在后代中的传递情况。     

外源基因在大肠杆菌中表达的优化

大肠杆菌已经被广泛地应用于表达各种外源基因,但基因的表达受多种因素的影响,现就各种影响因素综述了外源基因表达的优化策略,这将有助于采取有效方法提高外源基因在大肠杆菌中的表达效率.     

pGH基因在F_1代转基因金鱼中的整合及表达的分析

本实验对转基因金鱼进行分子生物学鉴定,所用实验材料转基因金鱼是采用显微注射的方法,将羊金属硫蛋白基因启动子与猪生长激素基因(pGH)重组而成的线形DNA片段导入金鱼的受精卵中,在合适的条件下培养获得的。为了鉴定外源基因在金鱼体内整合、表达和遗传的情况,我们选择了相同生长期的F_1代转基因金鱼6条和普通金鱼2条,进行总DNA的提取和纯化,用特异引物对pGH基因进行PCR扩增,结果表明:外源基因(pGH)在部分受体金鱼中得到了整合,并通过有性繁殖稳定地遗传给下一代。同时将阳性金鱼与阴性金鱼进行身长和体重等形态上的比较,初步断定:pGH基因在部分受体鱼中得到了表达,且有显著的促生长作用。     

外源基因导入部分脱壁的大麦细胞及其转基因植株的再生

采用ＰＥＧ法、电击法以及ＰＥＧ＋电击法将带有ｇｕｓ和ｎｐｔⅡ基因的ｐＢＩ１２１质粒导入部分脱壁的大麦细胞，通过Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交、ＧＵＳ和ＮＰＴⅡ蛋白活性检测，证实了外源报告基因已在大麦基因组中整合并在转化细胞中获得表达。     

Gene flow from transgenic oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) to cruciferous weeds under mentor pollen inducement

The alien gene flow between genetically modified glyphosate-resistant rapeseed variety Q3 (Brassica napus L.) and four cruciferous weeds was studied under mentor pollen inducement. The results showed that when Thlaspi arvense L., Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medic, Cardamine hirsute L. and Rorippa palustris (L.) Besser were pollinated with mentor pollen, the mixed Q3 and the weed, pollen grains aggregated largely and germinated quickly, and the numbers of pollen tubes penetrating into the style and the ovary were greatly increased as compared with corresponding self-pollination groups. Twenty four to forty eight hours after pollination, several pollen tubes were observed to penetrate into the ovule via micropyle in each mentor combination. However, when the mentor progenies were analyzed by PCR, all of them showed negative for the Q3 herbicide-resistant gene. Collectively, these results indicated that crossing between T. arvense, C. bursa-pastoris, C. hirsuta, R. palustris (as female) and Q3 (as male) was highly incompatible and the herbicide-resistant gene could not flow from Q3 to these four weeds.     

Gene flow from transgenic oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) to cruciferous weeds under mentor pollen inducement

The alien gene flow between genetically modified glyphosate-resistant rapeseed variety Q3 (Brassica napus L.) and four cruciferous weeds was studied under mentor pollen inducement. The results showed that when Thlaspi arvense L., Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medic, Cardamine hirsute L. and Rorippa palustris (L.) Besser were pollinated with mentor pollen, the mixed Q3 and the weed, pollen grains aggregated largely and germinated quickly, and the numbers of pollen tubes penetrating into the style and the ovary were greatly increased as compared with corresponding self-pollination groups. Twenty four to forty eight hours after pollination, several pollen tubes were observed to penetrate into the ovule via micropyle in each mentor combination. However, when the mentor progenies were analyzed by PCR, all of them showed negative for the Q3 herbicide-resistant gene. Collectively, these results indicated that crossing between T. arvense, C. bursa-pastoris, C. hirsuta, R. palustris (as female) and Q3 (as male) was highly incompatible and the herbicide-resistant gene could not flow from Q3 to these four weeds.     

Maize transformation via pollen tube pathway and the inheritance of transgene in progeny

The herbicide-resistant gene als was introduced into maize inbred line Qi319 through pollen-tube pathway. The inheritance of transgene was studied up to 33 generation. Transformation was performed by applying plasmid DNA carrying solution on the severed styles after self-pollination, or just prior to selfpoll/nation. After herbicide screening, PCR and Southern blot analysis, seventeen plants were confirmed positive in TO generation, and sixteen of them were self-bred to construct family to 33 progeny. Through PCR analysis and herbicide screening in offspring, four lines were confirmed following a 3 : 1 Mendelian segregation ratio. In other lines the numbers of positive plants were lower than expected. Therefore, it is necessary to select large population in progeny to produce stable inherited lines when transgene was delivered by pollen tube method.     

氮肥种类与旌量对油菜种子生育酚的影响

研究目的：创新要点：研究方法：重要结论：生育酚是菜籽重要的品质指标,氮肥是影响作物生物学与籽粒产量最常用的肥料。这项研究旨在搞清楚氮肥种类与施量对油菜种子生育酚含量与组分的确切影响,以及这种影响在基因型之间的差异。这篇论文研究了不同的氮肥种类（硝态氮与铵态氮）与低、中、高施用量对种子生育酚总量与组分的影响,并分析了其中的原因,为通过合理的氮肥施用方案配置,以达到最理想的菜籽生育酚含量或组分提供依据。采用盆钵实验控制氮肥施量与流失的精准方法,五种基因型、二种氮肥种类、三档施量水平,三重复控制误差;尝试用气相色谱法检测菜籽生育酚含量的新方法。尿素比硝酸氨更有利于菜籽总生育酚、阿尔法生育酚及伽马生育酚的有效形成;提高氮肥施量对于菜籽形成高含量的总生育酚与伽马生育酚非常有效,但对提高菜籽阿尔法生育酚含量的效果却不太明显。     

Expression of anti-DNA immunoglobulin transgenes in non-autoimmune mice

Self-reactive B cells can be regulated by either deletion or inactivation. These manifestations of self-tolerance have been dramatically shown in transgenic mice in which the number of self-reactive cells has been artificially expanded. We have now extended these models to ask if B-cell tolerance as described for non-disease-associated antigens also operates for the targets of autoimmunity. The target we have chosen is DNA. Anti-DNA antibodies are diagnostic of certain autoimmune syndromes in humans and are a characteristic of the murine model of systemic autoimmunity, the MRl/lpr mouse. Antibodies to both single-stranded and double-stranded DNA have been implicated in disease. By generating anti-DNA transgenic mice, we have addressed the question of whether DNA-specific B cells are regulated in normal (non-autoimmune) mice. We indeed found that most transgenic B cells bind DNA, yet we failed to detect secreted anti-DNA. We suggest that as a consequence of their self-reactivity these B cells are developmentally arrested.     

镉胁迫对转PprI基因油菜生理生化的影响

利用露天盆栽试验研究了不同浓度Cd胁迫下转PprI基因油菜和非转基因野生型油菜对Cd的吸收特性以及生理响应。结果表明：随着Cd胁迫浓度的升高,转基因和非转基因野生型油菜对Cd的吸收均显著增加,且二者地下部分的吸收都大于地上部分;在0.5 mg/kg Cd处理下,转基因和非转基因油菜对Cd的吸收差异不显著,但1和2 mg/kg处理下转基因油菜对Cd的吸收显著低于非转基因野生型油菜。两种油菜对Cd的富集系数和转运系数均随处理浓度的升高而降低;随着Cd浓度的增加,超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性呈现先上升后下降的趋势,且在相同处理浓度下,转基因油菜的SOD活性均高于非转基因野生型油菜;丙二醛（MDA）含量呈上升趋势,且其在转基因油菜中的含量均低于非转基因野生型油菜;叶绿素a和叶绿素b的含量随Cd浓度的升高而下降。因此PprI基因的导入,显著降低了油菜对Cd的吸收,提高了其可食部分安全性。     

Integration and inheritance stability of foreignBt toxin gene in the bivalent insect-resistant transgenic cotton plants

Genetic and expressional stability of Bt toxin gene is crucial for the breeding of insect-resistant transgenic cotton varieties and their commercialization. Genomic Southern blot analysis of R₃, R₄ and R₅ generations of bivalent transgenic insect-resistant cotton plants was done in order to determine the integration, the copy number and the inheritance stability of Bt toxin gene in the transgenic cotton plants. The results indicated that there was a 4.7 kb positive band in the Southern blot when the genomic DNA of the bivalent transgenic insect-resistant cotton plants and the positive control (the plasmid) were digested with HindⅢ respectively. This result proved that the Bt toxin gene had been integrated into the genome of the cotton in full length. There is only one XhoⅠ restriction site in the Bt toxin gene. Southern blot analysis indicated that many copies of Bt toxin gene had been integrated into the genome of the cotton when the genomic DNA of transgenic plants was digested with XhoⅠ. Among them, there were four copies (about 17.7, 8, 5.5 and 4.7 kb in size) existing in all the tested plants of ₃, R₄ and R₅ generations. The preliminary conclusion was that there were more than four copies of Bt toxin gene integrated into the genome of the cotton, among them, more than one copy can express and inherit steadily. This result provides a scientific basis for the breeding of the bivalent insect-resis- tant transgenic cotton plants and its commercialization.     

Expression of recombinant human lysozyme in the milk of transgenic mice

Human lysozyme is a 130-aa (amino acid) alkaline polypeptide, and has both anti-bacterial and anti-viral properties which make it an important component of human natural immunity system. As a first step toward the ultimate goal of improving the anti-bacterial properties of bovine and ovine milk, a transgenic mouse that contains the genomic DNA sequence of the human lysozme gene has been generated for the first time. From 83 mice generated by microinjection, a total of 6 positive transgenic mice were identified by PCR and Southern blot. F1 mice positive for transgene in lines were also detected by PCR. This shows that transgene could be transmitted from founder transgenic mice to their offspring. Recombinant human lysozyme (rHlys) was found in the whey of 3 female positive transgenic mice by Western blot. The highest concentration of rHlys for transgenic mice was 0.2mg/mL. The antibacterial activity of the whey for transgenic mice was highly enhanced up to 0.4 times as much as that of human, while that of non-transgenic mouse was very low. Although the lysozyme activity of transgenic mice is still lower than that of human, the rHlys exhibits the same specific activity as that of human lysozyme. It provides a strong basis for further studies into the possible application of rHlys express in mammary gland.     

Expression of a microinjected immunoglobulin gene in the spleen of transgenic mice

Transgenic mice were produced by microinjection of a rearranged, functional immunoglobulin kappa gene into fertilized mouse eggs and implantation of the microinjected embryos into foster mothers. Mice that integrated the injected gene were mated and the DNA, RNA and serum kappa chains of their offspring were analysed. The data from offspring of three different transgenic mice indicate that the microinjected gene is expressed in the spleen, but not the liver of mice which inherited the injected gene.