移动卫星通信低成本多传感器融合姿态估计方法

针对低成本移动卫星通信终端的天线姿态估计问题,提出了一种基于自适应滤波的低成本多传感器融合姿态估计方法.该方法通过融合微机械陀螺信息和加速度计重力场测量信息来得到精确的水平姿态角估计;通过融合单基线GPS高精度的航向角测量与陀螺信息保证航向角精度.在单基线GPS失锁的情况下,利用机动加速度观测对融合滤波器进行自适应控制,与标准平方根无迹卡尔曼滤波器相比,有效地克服了机动加速度影响.实验结果表明:所提出的低成本姿态估计方法在单基线GPS锁定或短时间失锁情况下,能够满足宽带移动卫星通信天线波束对准精度要求,三维姿态角误差均小于0.5°.     

目标机动性未知时的多平台交互式多模型融合算法

多平台的交互式多模型（IMM）Kalman滤波器是一种比较有效的机动目标跟踪估计方法．但当目标存在未知机动时,基于模型的估计器的精度就会下降．目标跟踪中的输入估计技术可对未知机动性进行估计．本文在给出过程噪声和量测噪声相关情况下最小方差无偏（MVU）输入、状态滤波估计的基础上,提出了基于上述滤波器的分布式IMM多传感器多平台融合算法．仿真表明了该算法的有效性．     

用于机动目标跟踪的多模型概率假设密度滤波器

针对概率假设密度(PHD)滤波器在多目标跟踪问题中无法解决目标发生较大机动时的目标丢失问题,提出了一种多模型概率假设密度(MM-PHD)滤波器.这种MM-PHD滤波器在粒子PHD滤波器的基础上,使用多模型方法对滤波器中每个描述目标状态的粒子的状态进行更新,再将更新后的粒子代入传统的PHD滤波器中用于估计目标的PHD的分布.该滤波器结合PHD滤波器和多模型方法的特点,可用于目标数未知的多机动目标跟踪,且对目标的数量和状态的估计更加准确.多机动目标跟踪的仿真实验表明,与已有方法相比,该滤波器对目标数的估计与真实情况基本一致,描述多目标状态估计误差的Wasserstein距离值降低了50%以上.     

宽带移动卫星通信低成本组合姿态确定算法

针对现有低成本微机械惯性器件无法满足宽带移动卫星通信系统在机动状态下天线指向精度的问题,提出了微机械惯性测量单元与闭环跟踪信息相结合的姿态确定算法.该算法在航向上引入闭环跟踪的指向偏差角,经PI控制器反向校正航向陀螺的漂移误差,并利用跟踪指向信息的低频分量和陀螺的高频分量估计航向角.在横滚和俯仰上,首先以改进欧拉角作为状态向量,根据陀螺角速率信息和加速度计的重力场信息分别建立状态方程和测量方程;然后依据航向角速率和俯仰角偏差对载体运动状态进行判别,并在载体机动下调整方差矩阵以依赖陀螺进行姿态估计,克服机动加速度的扰动.实验结果表明,该算法与自适应卡尔曼滤波器相比,在载体机动状态下精度更高,其航向估计精度在±0.8°,倾角在±0.5°内,满足动中通姿态稳定精度要求.     

混合坐标系singer模型跟踪突发机动目标改进算法研究

针对混合坐标系下singer模型对跟踪弱机动目标初期误差出现跳变现象,且对突发机动跟踪自适应能力较差的情形,本文提出一种改进算法,通过引入渐消因子,实时调节一步预测协方差,以此调节滤波器增益,增强了滤波器跟踪突发机动目标的适应能力,同时改进了混合坐系下singer模型跟踪算法的精度.仿真结果表明,本文算法对突发机动自适应跟踪能力和弱机动目标跟踪精度都有提高     

带常值偏差的机动目标跟踪数据处理方法

机动目标跟踪中的系统误差是影响跟踪精度的关键因素之一。为了抑制系统误差带来的影响,本文提出了基于UKF的常值偏差估计的机动目标跟踪处理方法,通过对状态变量的扩维处理,不仅能有效抑制动力学模型非线性和观测模型非线性带来的模型误差,还能对观测模型中产生的系统误差进行估计,从而提高机动目标跟踪精度。仿真实验表明,在测距和测速跟踪模式下,测距系统误差能有效估计出来,常值偏差不会对跟踪精度产生影响。     

机动输入子波估计的卡尔曼滤波器

提出一种新的机动输入估计的卡尔曼滤波器,该滤波器利用子波滤波从新息中估计机动造成的附加位移,由此修正卡尔曼滤波器的状态估计,模拟实验表明这一方法比通常的机动输入估计卡尔曼滤波器（ＩＥ）具有更好的目标跟踪性能,而计算也更为简便。     

State Bounding 跟踪机动目标研究

提出一种用 State Bounding估计跟踪机动目标的算法。用预测集、观测集中心距检测目标机动 ,修正系统噪声集尺寸适应目标机动 ,很好地解决了用 state Bounding估计跟踪机动目标问题。模拟结果表明本算法与相应的 kalman滤波器的性能相比 ,有较好地机动目标跟踪能力     

一种跟踪机动目标的双带宽自适应滤波器

本文研究了一个跟踪机动目标的双带宽自适应滤波器,两个不同带宽的滤泼器由不同参数的Singer模型构成。目标运动状态的估计始终是这两个滤波器输出的线性组合假设检验理论用来确定组合系数的计算。Monte-Carlo仿真结果表明,这一双带宽滤波器调整时间和对目标机动变化的反应时间都较快。     

基于空域和时域信息的交互多模优化跟踪算法

机动目标跟踪所遇到的基本问题是所建目标模型的动力学方程与目标的实际运动模型存在着不匹配.为了解决这一问题,提出了基于辐射源信号的方位角及时间差信息的交互多模IMM滤波算法.这种算法是一种最佳的合成滤波器,它的主要特点是具有用几个模型估计系统状态的能力,而这些模型可以相互转换,这种方法能更好地解决对机动辐射源的无源定位跟...     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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