广义正交信号理论及其应用

传统的正交信号用于码分多址（CDMA）通信系统时,由于多址接入时延和信道多径时延影响,信号间的正交性将不可避免地因相对时称而受到不同程度的破坏,从而严重影响通信性能,降低系统容量。作者提出的广义正交新概念,使得信号之间可以在一个区域内正交,而不是传统的单点正交,基于这一概念,可以构造出适用于准同步CDMA（QS－CDMA）通信且性能优异的广义正交扩频码本文阐述了这一广义正交新理论,给出了相应的广义正交信号设计和理论界,并讨论了在QS－CDMA通信系统中的应用。     

Quantum sidelights on The Material Theory of Induction

John Norton's The Material Theory of Induction bristles with fresh insights and provocative ideas that provide a much needed stimulus to a stodgy if not moribund field. I use quantum mechanics (QM) as a medium for exploring some of these ideas. First, I note that QM offers more predictability than Newtonian mechanics for the Norton dome and other cases where classical determinism falters. But this ability of QM to partially cure the ills of classical determinism depends on facts about the quantum Hamiltonian operator that vary from case to case, providing an illustration of Norton's theme of the importance of contingent facts for inductive reasoning. Second, I agree with Norton that Bayesianism as developed for classical probability theory does not constitute a universal inference machine, and I use QM to explain the sense in which this is so. But at the same time I defend a brand of quantum Bayesianism as providing an illuminating account of how physicists' reasoning about quantum events. Third, I argue that if the probabilities induced by quantum states are regarded as objective chances then there are strong reasons to think that fair infinite lotteries are impossible in a quantum world.     

The Early Development of the Algebraic Theory of Semigroups

In the history of mathematics, the algebraic theory of semigroups is a relative new-comer, with the theory proper developing only in the second half of the twentieth century. Before this, however, much groundwork was laid by researchers arriving at the study of semigroups from the directions of both group and ring theory. In this paper, we will trace some major strands in the early development of the algebraic theory of semigroups. We will begin with the aspects of the theory which were directly inspired by, and were analogous to, existing results for both groups and rings, before moving on to consider the first independent theorems on semigroups: theorems with no group or ring analogues. Dedicated to the memory of Professor W. Douglas Munn. This article was begun when the author was an EPSRC-funded research student at the University of York, UK, and completed at CAUL under FCT post-doctoral research grant SFRH/BPD/34698/2007.     

Lime in the Early Bleaching Industry of Britain 1633-1828: Its Prohibition and Repeal

This essay describes the background and possible reasons for legal intervention in the use of lime in the early bleaching industry and draws on the Statutes at Large and other Acts of Parliament as primary sources. The developing chemical knowledge that may have contributed to the later Acts of repeal is also considered in some detail. The earliest noted prohibition was in 1633 and the years 1823, 1825, and 1828 were important repeal dates. No related legislation later than 1828 has been found. During the period from 1633 to 1828 there were many renewals and modifications to existing laws concerning linen and hempen manufacture; several of these contained subsections regarding bleaching. The considerable number of such Acts may account for the apparent confusion shown by earlier authors on this subject. Furthermore, the various Acts passed by the Irish House of Commons over its lifetime from 1400 to 1800, with its many interruptions, were published in a limited number of editions and are consequently held by few libraries. Ireland instituted its own laws and it was only after the Act of Union in 1800 that matters were dealt with by Westminster. Indeed, earlier historians have not always appreciated that, at certain periods of the history of the United Kingdom, Ireland and Scotland (as well as England) had their own separate parliaments.     

Confirmation of the localization on human chromosome F19 of a structural gene of poliovirus receptors]

The study of permissivity for poliovirus and the study of enzymatic markers in man-mouse somatic cell hybrids presents a very positive correlation between the presence of the poliovirus receptor and the presence of a well known enzyme marker, the phosphoglucoseisomerase (GPI), localized on the human chromosome F 19.     

Confirmation of the structure of nisin and its major degradation product by FAB-MS and FAB-MS/MS

Summary FAB-MS has been applied to the analysis of a nisin complex and FAB-MS and FAB-MS/MS data from the major component used to provide confirmation of the amino sequence and positions of the sulphur-bridged rings in these highly modified peptides.     

Confirmation of the structure of nisin and its major degradation product by FAB-MS and FAB-MS/MS

FAB-MS has been applied to the analysis of a nisin complex and FAB-MS and FAB-MS/MS data from the major component used to provide confirmation of the amino sequence and positions of the sulphur-bridged rings in these highly modified peptides.     

实施逆向物流的理论基础及效应分析

随着资源的减少和环保意识的增强。逆向物流活动已越来越受到人们的关注。逆向物流的产生有其独特理论基础。同时,逆向物流活动的有效实施,将对不同的主体产生不同的效应。通过对逆向物流的理论基础及效应的具体解释和分析,有利于人们更好的认识逆向物流。     

基于单摆原理的汽车事故报警器的研究

随着人们生活水平的提高,汽车已经走进了越来越多的家庭,但随之而来的汽车事故已经变成了受现代人们关注的重要问题.若出现事故后,人员伤亡严重而又不为人所知,其后果将不堪设想.本文介绍了一种基于单摆原理的传感器,该传感器能及时接收碰撞信号并转化成电压上升沿信号而触发下级电路,旨在通过GPS系统将事故讯息第一时间通知救援中心,从而使事故伤亡率降到更低.     

生物能量在生命体中传递的新理论及实验证实

我们从蛋白质的分子结构和ATP水解所放出能量的特征出发,提出了一个新的生物能量传递理论。并用新的哈密顿函数和波函数代替了原来旧的函数,用解析的方法求出了传递生物能量的孤子在其生理温度和它的寿命时间内能够传递过上千个氨基酸分子,于是它可能是传递生物能量的真正载流子。用解析和数值模拟的方法研究了这种传递生物能量孤子的特性和在生理温度300K时的热力学稳定性,证明了这种孤子在生理温度时是十分稳定的,它的寿命能达到300ps,可能是生物能量的传递者。再通过实验测定了在胶原蛋白和牛血清蛋白等(-螺旋蛋白的光谱特性及其在27-95℃范围内其谱线分布和谱线强度随温度的变化,把所检测的三个结果与能量传递的理论预示的结果相比较,发现它们完全一致,从而从实验上证明了在蛋白质分子中建立的生物能量传递理论是正确的。而理论预示的孤子是蛋白质当中生物能量传递的真正载流子。     

从博弈论谈南水北调西线工程的四川对策

南水北调西线工程,从博弈论的角度考虑,属于非零和博弈,各方效益的和大于零,从而具有南北两利的可能.四川的最佳策略,应根据西北的优势策略和中央的决策而选择,应坚持有偿调水,有偿调水可以实现南水北调博弈的纳什均衡.在西线工程中,应将调水藏区的可持续发展和民族区域的稳定作为四川的重点战略选择,借机推动藏区社会经济的跨越式发展.