A novel high-efficiency crystal/polymer composite material for nonlinear optics

FOR practical applications in optoelectronic devices, nonlinear optical materials should ideally combine appropriate optical properties (that is, a nonlinear response to an electric field, characterized by second-harmonic generation) with the mechanical properties, such as strength and rigidity, required for ease of processibility. As reported here, we have developed a new class of material that combines these attributes, by growing aligned crystals of an optically nonlinear organic compound in a transparent polymer matrix. The host conveys desirable mechanical characteristics to the otherwise fragile organic crystals. The composites are transparent and non-scattering, with a refractive index that can be varied by modification of the polymer host. Given, in addition, the high chemical stability of these materials, we believe that they will have an important part to play in the development of optoelectronic devices.     

Preparation and performances of bulk porous Al foams impregnated with phase-change-materials for thermal storage

Shape-stabilized phase change materials (PCMs) exhibit desirable thermal storage properties and are used for energy conservation systems. This study is focused on the preparation and thermal-/dynamic-mechanical properties of the bulk porous Al foams impregnated with organic PCMs such as paraffins and stearic acid. The results indicated that the new shape-stabilized PCMs composites could be produced by a simple and eco-friendly constant-pressure impregnation method. The filling fraction of PCMs was approximately more than 80% for the impregnated samples with vacuuming or without vacuuming. The shape-stabilized PCMs/Al-foam composites exhibited considerable latent thermal storage potential for good interface, desirable phase-change temperature range and latent heat values (72.9 kJ/kg for the paraffin/Al-foam composite and 66.7 kJ/kg for the stearic acid/Al-foam composite). Moreover, the impregnation of PCMs improved the dynamic-compression yield strength, durability and resistance to oxidation of Al foams and made its ideal energy-saving materials.     

Hyperbranched Organometallic Polyynes ：Optical and Thermal Properties and Their Transformation into Soft Ferromagnetic Ceramics

1 Introduction Organometallic polymers have emerged as a group of interesting materials due to their useful catalytic, optical, electrical, sensing, and magnetic properties inaccessible by their pure organic parents. It is therefore highly desirable to utilize this class of high performance macromolecules for the preparation of micro- and nanosized patterns by photolithographic techniques and as precursors for advanced ceramics~([1]).1IntroductionOrganometallic polymers have emerged as a group…     

用密闭小室测定建材VOC散发特性

建筑材料散发的有机挥发物(VOC)能影响室内空气品质,为研究建材VOC的散发情况,提出了一种测量建材VOC散发特性(初始VOC平均浓度、分离系数)和对流传质系数的方法.选取了几种常见建材(复合地板、大芯板、地板砖和地毯)的甲醛散发作为测试对象,在密闭不锈钢小室内测量建材的甲醛散发曲线,用穿孔萃取仪测量建材内甲醛的平均浓度,通过拟合测量结果可以得出建材的散发参数.测试方法和测量结果为建材的筛选和VOC散发性能评价提供了参考依据.     

论“大学生素质拓展计划”课程资源的开发与利用

"大学生素质拓展计划"是高校素质教育的重要形式,也是高校课程资源的重要载体。在实施"大学生素质拓展计划"过程中生成各种满足高校课程活动的素材和条件,并在生成学生经验、问题与案例、课程评价资源、条件性资源等方面具有优势。应当充分认识"大学生素质拓展计划"课程资源的价值,通过完善机制,激活主体等方式加强对其的开发与利用,并促成其向校本课程转化。     

香豆素衍生物二阶极化率的量子化学计算

本文从寻找新型有机倍频材料出发,对香豆素的二十三个衍生物的二阶极化率β值进行量化计算,并认为香豆素衍生物是一类优良的有机倍频材料。     

可靠性工程在设备管理上的应用

阐述可靠性的几个基本概念，举例说明将其应用于设备管理的必要性和可能性。通过预先估计设备故障的概率，判断其可靠度，从而编制设备管理最佳结构模式。把对设备的描述从定性转为定量，推动设备管理工作向现代化方向发展。     

酯交换法合成碳酸二苯酯

碳酸二苯酯(DPC)是一种重要的精细化工中间体,主要用于合成许多有机化合物和高分子材料。目前,合成碳酸二苯酯方法有光气法、氧化羰基化法和酯交换法。酯交换法合成DPC主要是通过苯酚与碳酸二甲酯(DMC)反应合成,在100～200℃常压或加压的条件下进行,反应设备简单、毒性和腐蚀性小,产率较高,是一种绿色合成方法。     

Catalysis for fluorination and trifluoromethylation

Recent advances in catalysis have made the incorporation of fluorine into complex organic molecules easier than ever before, but selective, general and practical fluorination reactions remain sought after. Fluorination of molecules often imparts desirable properties, such as metabolic and thermal stability, and fluorinated molecules are therefore frequently used as pharmaceuticals or materials. But the formation of carbon-fluorine bonds in complex molecules is a significant challenge. Here we discuss reactions to make organofluorides that have emerged within the past few years and which exemplify how to overcome some of the intricate challenges associated with fluorination.     

设备与管道防腐蚀处理的质量分析与对策

以福建炼油厂为例,探讨炼油厂设备与管道防腐蚀处理的质量控制与质量分析.福建炼油厂乙烯工程项目的设备与管道的防腐蚀施工处理,坚持合理选择涂层材料、涂层工艺与表面处理方式.在受酸、碱、有机溶剂、水、油等侵蚀的条件下,较好地保证了设备与管道的防腐蚀质量,有效地降低了生产成本,提高了企业经济效益.     

我国有机农业对植物营养和肥料使用的要求

在有机农业质量监控体系下 ,通过种养结合、轮作、施肥等措施形成有机农业生态系统内的物质循环。按照相关规定进行施肥 ,保证植物营养平衡供给 ,保持和发展土壤肥力和生物活性。同时保障了有机食品及环境的安全。     

浅谈有线电视台的微机化管理

从微机管理的设备器材和仓库材料管理系统，节目编排管理系统，人事、工资和领导综合查询系统，广告收费管理系统，用户管理和网络设备分布管理系统等方面进行了论述，指出目前我国有线广播电视覆盖网已向宽带综合信息网迈进。其自身管理科学化、现代化是形势的要求，也是自身发展的必然趋势。     

高频电子技术实验课教学改革的探讨

结合高校实验教学的要求，讨论了高频电子技术实验课的教学改革，尤其是实验教材、方法和实验系统的改革；强调了采用适应现代电子技术发展的实验教材，有序的实验程序、个性化实验的教学方法和新型的多功能实验设备等是提高该实验课教学质量的关键．     

Synthetic design of crystalline inorganic chalcogenides exhibiting fast-ion conductivity

Natural porous solids such as zeolites are invariably formed with inorganic cations such as Na(+) and K(+) (refs 1, 2). However, current research on new porous materials is mainly focused on the use of organic species as either structure-directing or structure-building units; purely inorganic systems have received relatively little attention in exploratory synthetic work. Here we report the synthesis of a series of three-dimensional sulphides and selenides containing highly mobile alkali metal cations as charge-balancing extra-framework cations. Such crystalline inorganic chalcogenides integrate zeolite-like architecture with high anionic framework polarizability and high concentrations of mobile cations. Such structural features are particularly desirable for the development of fast-ion conductors. These materials demonstrate high ionic conductivity (up to 1.8 x 10(-2) ohm(-1) cm(-1)) at room temperature and moderate to high humidity. This synthetic methodology, together with novel structural, physical and chemical properties, may lead to the development of new microporous and open-framework materials with potential applications in areas such as batteries, fuel cells, electrochemical sensors and photocatalysis.     

有机茶叶生产信息化管理系统的开发设计与实现

采用客户机/服务器（C/S）模式,以PowerBuilder9.0为前台开发工具,Microsoft SQL Server2000为后台数据库,设计开发有机茶叶生产信息化管理系统。系统在生产过程中使用组态王软件来完成与PLC进行通讯连接监视并采集由生产设备上的实时数据;在信息化管理过程中放弃使用触发器,完全采用程序脚本来确保数据准确完整;在操作用户操作权限上采用角色授权方式细致地划分操作权限。系统由采购管理、销售管理、生产管理、仓库管理、查询统计、生产信息管理等功能子系统构成,负责完成有机茶叶厂的生产,质检及销售管理,通过有效的数据统计分析,全面提高企业的生产管理水平,确保有机茶叶的高效生产。     

Control of four stereocentres in a triple cascade organocatalytic reaction

Efficient and elegant syntheses of complex organic molecules with multiple stereogenic centres continue to be important in both academic and industrial laboratories. In particular, catalytic asymmetric multi-component 'domino' reactions, used during total syntheses of natural products and synthetic building blocks, are highly desirable. These reactions avoid time-consuming and costly processes, including the purification of intermediates and steps involving the protection and deprotection of functional groups, and they are environmentally friendly and often proceed with excellent stereoselectivities. Therefore, the design of new catalytic and stereoselective cascade reactions is a continuing challenge at the forefront of synthetic chemistry. In addition, catalytic cascade reactions can be described as biomimetic, as they are reminiscent of tandem reactions that may occur during biosyntheses of complex natural products. Here we report the development of an asymmetric organocatalytic triple cascade reaction for the synthesis of tetra-substituted cyclohexene carbaldehydes. This three-component domino reaction proceeds by way of a catalysed Michael/Michael/aldol condensation sequence affording the products with good to moderate yields (25-58 per cent). During this sequence, four stereogenic centres are formed with high diastereoselectivity and complete enantioselectivity. In addition, variation of the starting materials can be used to obtain diverse polyfunctional cyclohexene derivatives, which can be used as building blocks in organic synthesis.     

SirosPun纺新技术的应用、发展及经济效益分析

Ｓｉｒｏｓｐｕｎ纺是一种新兴的,集纺纱、并线、捻线为一体的精毛纺纺纱新技术,自 １９７８年诞生以来,由于其设备改造费用低、产品的附加值高而倍受世界各国纺织厂家的青睐．应用Ｓｉｒｏｓｐｕｎ纺技术纺出的纱线,是薄型或超薄型衣料用织物、高档装饰布、窗帘布以及针织纱等产品的重要原料．其产品风格独特,深受市场欢迎,因而具有很高的经济效益,着重介绍Ｓｉｒｏｓｐｕｎ纺的工作原理、技术要求,生产设备,产品特征及加工工艺．对Ｓｉｒｏｓｐｕｎ纺成纱技术在国产细纱机上推广应用,指导企业研制和开发新品种、提高企业参与市场竞争的能力具有重要的现实意义．     

Effective adjustment of the optoelectronic properties of organic conjugated materials by synthesizing <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-<Emphasis Type="Italic">n</Emphasis> diblock molecules

Because organic conjugated materials offer several advantages relative to their inorganic counterparts,the development of organic conjugated materials has been one of the most active research areas in optoelectronic materials.For almost two decades,the search for organic conjugated materials has represented a major driving force for research concerned with controlling the band gap of extended π-conjugated molecules.In particular,among the parameters affecting the performance of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs),the energy levels of organic conjugated materials play an important role because they can affect the driving voltage,wavelength,efficiency,and lifetime of the final device.Balanced injection and transport of electrons and holes are therefore crucial for achieving OLEDs with high quantum efficiency.In this regard,research into adjusting the energy levels of organic conjugated materials is very meaningful for the development of OLEDs.To adjust the energy levels of the organic conjugated materials,Huang et al.have presented a new molecular design and synthesis route that yields p-n diblock conjugated copolymers and oligomers.The present review summarizes and analyzes the progress on adjusting the optoelectronic properties of organic conjugated materials that is due to synthesizing p-n diblock molecules.We discusses primarily work done by Huang et al.,but also discusses work done elsewhere over the past few years.We also point out issues that require attention,and highlight hot spots that require further investigation.     

改性硅基介孔材料去除废水中重金属研究进展

对硅基介孔材料的功能化改性进行了系统的分析调研.在概述硅基介孔材料基本性质和改性条件的基础上,总结了对其进行改性的三类主要方法及其改性原理,包括无机、有机、无机-有机复合改性.针对各类改性方法,详细综述了硅基介孔材料改性前后性质的变化特点,以及对重金属的吸附效果和吸附机理,并对改性硅基介孔材料吸附重金属的关键影响因素进行了探讨.