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PRIMARY hypertension is a polygenic condition in which blood pressure is enigmatically elevated; it remains a leading cause of cardiovascular disease and death due to cerebral haemorrhage, cardiac failure and kidney disease. The genes for several of the proteins involved in blood pressure homeostasis have been cloned and characterized, including those of the renin-angiotensin system, which plays a central part in blood pressure control. Here we describe the introduction of the mouse Ren-2 renin gene into the genome of the rat and demonstrate that expression of this gene causes severe hypertension. These transgenic animals represent a model for hypertension in which the genetic basis for the disease is known. Further, as the transgenic animals do not overexpress active renin in the kidney and have low levels of active renin in their plasma, they also provide a new model for low-renin hypertension. 相似文献
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Human metabolic phenotype diversity and its association with diet and blood pressure 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Holmes E Loo RL Stamler J Bictash M Yap IK Chan Q Ebbels T De Iorio M Brown IJ Veselkov KA Daviglus ML Kesteloot H Ueshima H Zhao L Nicholson JK Elliott P 《Nature》2008,453(7193):396-400
Metabolic phenotypes are the products of interactions among a variety of factors-dietary, other lifestyle/environmental, gut microbial and genetic. We use a large-scale exploratory analytical approach to investigate metabolic phenotype variation across and within four human populations, based on 1H NMR spectroscopy. Metabolites discriminating across populations are then linked to data for individuals on blood pressure, a major risk factor for coronary heart disease and stroke (leading causes of mortality worldwide). We analyse spectra from two 24-hour urine specimens for each of 4,630 participants from the INTERMAP epidemiological study, involving 17 population samples aged 40-59 in China, Japan, UK and USA. We show that urinary metabolite excretion patterns for East Asian and western population samples, with contrasting diets, diet-related major risk factors, and coronary heart disease/stroke rates, are significantly differentiated (P < 10(-16)), as are Chinese/Japanese metabolic phenotypes, and subgroups with differences in dietary vegetable/animal protein and blood pressure. Among discriminatory metabolites, we quantify four and show association (P < 0.05 to P < 0.0001) of mean 24-hour urinary formate excretion with blood pressure in multiple regression analyses for individuals. Mean 24-hour urinary excretion of alanine (direct) and hippurate (inverse), reflecting diet and gut microbial activities, are also associated with blood pressure of individuals. Metabolic phenotyping applied to high-quality epidemiological data offers the potential to develop an area of aetiopathogenetic knowledge involving discovery of novel biomarkers related to cardiovascular disease risk. 相似文献
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目的:探讨太极拳对高血压的降压作用与机制.方法:经医院确诊为1级原发性高血压患者52例(男28例、女24例),平均收缩压150.4±7.7,舒张压96.8±5.4.陈式太极拳锻炼90d,2次/d,分别在6:30am(早餐前)和8:00pm(晚饭后)进行,每次40min;血浆NO浓度64.3±20.8.观察实验前、中、后动脉血压、血浆一氧化氮(NO)浓度.结果:90天的陈式太极拳练习使运动血压发生显著的下降(P<0.05),平均收缩压132.8±6.8,舒张压86.6±5.9,平均降幅收缩压18.05mmHg、舒张压9.9 mmHg;日平均降幅收缩压0.22 mmHg、舒张压0.13 mmHg;血浆NO浓度有显著增加(P<0.05),平均浓度为79.5±22.4.结论:太极拳运动对原发性高血压有明显的降低血压作用,降压效果男性略优于女性.太极拳的运动特性对大脑皮层以良好的刺激,调整中枢神经系统机能活动能力,提高血浆一氧化氮浓度,促进一氧化氮的合成与释放,增加血液循环系统功能;太极拳运动是原发性高血压患者的合适运动疗法. 相似文献
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体育锻炼与高血压的相关性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
杨艳君 《邵阳学院学报(自然科学版)》2009,6(3):87-89
了解成年居民体育锻炼人群与非体育锻炼人群之间的血压差异.在山西省人群中随机征集21-60岁健康的男女性样本1642个,对他们的体育锻炼状况进行询问,用标准方法测量样本的血压.应用协方差分析在校正其他因素的影响后分别比较男女性中体育锻炼组与非体育锻炼组收缩压(SBP)和舒张压(DBP)之间的差异.结果表明:男女性体育锻炼组与非体育锻炼组的SBP存在极显著差异(P〈0.01),男性体育锻炼组与非体育锻炼组的DBP存在极显著差异(P〈0.01),女性体育锻炼组与非体育锻炼组的DBP存在显著差异(P〈0.05).体育锻炼是影响血压的有效指标,进行体育锻炼可有效的预防和控制高血压. 相似文献
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The search for new cardiovascular biomarkers 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Despite considerable advances in the treatment of cardiovascular disease, it remains the leading cause of death in developed countries. Assessment of classic cardiovascular risk factors--including high blood pressure, diabetes and smoking--has a central role in disease prevention. However, many individuals with coronary heart disease (a narrowing of the blood vessels that supply the heart) have only one, or none, of the classic risk factors. Thus, new biomarkers are needed to augment the information obtained from traditional indicators and to illuminate disease mechanisms. 相似文献
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中学生血压与血脂关系的探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的探讨中学生血压与血脂的关系.方法对21名中学生进行了血压、身高、体重的测量及高血压家族史的调查.对血清胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)和低密度脂蛋白(LDL)作了测定.结果血压偏高组的中学生TC,TG,LDL均高于血压正常组(P<0.05),而HDL低于血压正常组(P<0.05).中学生血压与血脂相关分析中,TC和LDL与舒张压(DBP)呈正相关(P<0.05),TG与收缩压(SBP)呈正相关(P<0.05),HDL与SBP呈负相关(P<0.05).结论中学生时期即存在高血压伴高脂血症,因此,预防高血压、冠心病应当从青少年时期开始. 相似文献
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Suhre K Shin SY Petersen AK Mohney RP Meredith D Wägele B Altmaier E;CARDIoGRAM Deloukas P Erdmann J Grundberg E Hammond CJ de Angelis MH Kastenmüller G Köttgen A Kronenberg F Mangino M Meisinger C Meitinger T Mewes HW Milburn MV Prehn C Raffler J Ried JS Römisch-Margl W Samani NJ Small KS Wichmann HE Zhai G Illig T Spector TD Adamski J Soranzo N Gieger C 《Nature》2011,477(7362):54-60
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified many risk loci for complex diseases, but effect sizes are typically small and information on the underlying biological processes is often lacking. Associations with metabolic traits as functional intermediates can overcome these problems and potentially inform individualized therapy. Here we report a comprehensive analysis of genotype-dependent metabolic phenotypes using a GWAS with non-targeted metabolomics. We identified 37 genetic loci associated with blood metabolite concentrations, of which 25 show effect sizes that are unusually high for GWAS and account for 10-60% differences in metabolite levels per allele copy. Our associations provide new functional insights for many disease-related associations that have been reported in previous studies, including those for cardiovascular and kidney disorders, type 2 diabetes, cancer, gout, venous thromboembolism and Crohn's disease. The study advances our knowledge of the genetic basis of metabolic individuality in humans and generates many new hypotheses for biomedical and pharmaceutical research. 相似文献
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目的:通过监测热环境下沈阳师范大学体育科学学院运动训练专业学生50米跑前后心率、血压变化,阐明热环境下50米跑对心率血压的影响。方法:在热环境下,先测定受试者安静心率、血压,进行50米跑,并分别测定跑后第一分钟、第二分钟、第三分钟的心率、血压。根据心率指数公式:N=S·∑P/t·P2计算出男女生的心率指数,将第一分钟、第二分钟、第三分钟的心率、血压分别与安静心率、血压进行比较,观察其变化规律。结果:(1)热环境下50米跑后3min男女生心率均显著高于跑前安静心率(P<0.01),且女生跑后心率恢复较慢;(2)热环境下男女生50米跑的心率指数分别为22.86±3.08和18.66±2.54;(3)热环境下男生50米跑后三分钟收缩压均显著高于跑前安静收缩压,女生跑后前2min收缩压显著高于跑前安静收缩压;(4)热环境下男生50米跑后前两分钟舒张压显著高于跑前安静舒张压;女生跑后3min舒张压均显著高于跑前安静舒张压。 相似文献
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为探讨燕麦(Avena sativa L.)对超重/肥胖伴高血压患者血压及相关指标的影响,将中青年原发性高血压Ⅰ -Ⅱ级伴有超重/肥胖患者70例受试者随机均分为A、B两组,进食或不进食麦片,5周后,两组的干预措施对调,进行自身对照.结果显示两组患者在实验期的舒张压(SBP)、收缩压(DBP)、腰围、体重指数(BMI)、WHR、TG和TC的值均有明显降低;其中两组实验期的SBP和BMI较各自自身对照期有显著降低(P<0.05).故燕麦对超重/肥胖伴高血压患者血压及相关指标有明显的降低作用,可供临床选择饮食干预辅助治疗超重/肥胖伴高血压时推荐使用. 相似文献
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王丽娟 《北华大学学报(自然科学版)》2017,18(6)
目的 分析银川地区居民尿酸水平的影响因素,探讨溶质载体家族30成员3(SLC30A3)基因多态性与高尿酸血症发生的关系.方法 选取高尿酸血症患者614例,同期年龄和性别构成相当的尿酸正常健康体检者600例为对照组.使用Haploview软件筛选SLC30A3基因tagSNP,共得到2个SNP位点(rs13267319,rs24628779),分析SLC30A3基因多态性与银川地区居民高尿酸血症的关系.结果 银川地区居民中男性受试者尿酸水平与BMI值、腰围、收缩压、GLU呈正相关,与HDL-C呈负相关;女性受试者尿酸水平与腰围、GLU、TC、TG呈正相关,与HDL-C呈负相关.多因素Logistic回归分析显示:BMI值、收缩压、舒张压、TG、LDL-C、Cre是高尿酸血症的独立危险因素,HDL-C是高尿酸血症的保护因素.SLC30A3基因rs13267319位点在高尿酸血症组AG型和AA型比例均明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);与GG型相比,AG型和AA型患高尿酸血症的危险性均明显降低;等位基因A相对于G对高尿酸血症有保护作用.SLC30A3基因rs24628779位点在高尿酸血症组CT型和TT型比例均明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);与CC型相比,CT型和TT型患高尿酸血症的危险性均明显增高.等位基因C相对于T对高尿酸血症有促进作用.结论 SLC30A3基因rs13267319,rs24628779位点与银川地区居民高尿酸血症的发病机制存在明显关联. 相似文献
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目的:探讨LIPS模式干预对社区老年高血压病人的KAP影响及预防效果,有效减少高血压病的发病率.方法:53~68岁的高血压患者167例,应用LIPS模式进行干预及社区护理,分析其干预前后KAP、吸烟量、戒烟人数、饮酒量、戒酒人数、食盐摄入量、收缩压、舒张压、血清胆固醇、血清甘油三酯、体质指数等指标.结果:老年高血压人群的KAP分别从15.5分、5.3分和4.7分升高至26.8分、9.1分和8.3分(P<0.05);收缩压与舒张压分别从19.56和12.25下降到15.92和10.35(kPa);食盐摄入量由10.9g下降至6.9g;高血压患者吸烟人数与吸烟量、戒酒人数与饮酒量及食盐摄入量显著减少(P<0.05);体质指数从平均26.4kg/m2降低至21.7kg/m2(P<0.05);血清胆固醇、血清甘油三酯和体质指数均明显下降.结论:应用LIPS模式干预高血压患者,对该病的预防和控制具有良好效果. 相似文献
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通过台阶试验对从事木兰拳锻炼的中老年女性进行脉搏、血压变化的观察分析,发现长年限组的女性台阶试验后即刻脉搏、收缩压、舒张压变化幅度较小,增值分别为(32.6±8.7)次/min,(2.8±1.1)kPa,(0.2±0.9)kPa,(P<0.05),表现出对运动负荷的适应性.提示坚持木兰拳锻炼3年以上,每周3~5次,每次1~1.5h有助于提高中老年女性心血管系统的功能. 相似文献
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1984年对广州市11所幼儿园的2301名2—6岁儿童进行了血压流行病学调查,并分析影响儿童血压分布的因素。根据调查结果计算血压平均值和标准差,绘制年龄血压百分位图,提出广州市学龄前儿童(2—6岁)的正常血压以115/75毫米汞柱为上限值。生长时期儿童的血压随年龄,体重和身高的增长而递升,体重经身高校正指标(Kg/M~2)更能体现体重和身高两个因素对血压的影响。调查的结果表明有高血压家族史儿童的血压偏高者检出率明显高于无家族史者。对血压偏高的儿童,特别是同时有高血压家族史者,应对其实行医学监察和保健措施指导,这对原发性高血压的预防有着重要意义。 相似文献
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目的了解吉林市中小学生血压分布现状.方法采用随机整群的抽样方法,对吉林市4所中等条件的中小学校在校的4 686名8~19岁健康学生进行身高、体重及血压的测量.结果以该群学生各性别、年龄组的血压第95百分位数为标准,检出血压偏高者277人,占5.91%.血压与性别无明显联系;收缩压随年龄增长而上升;舒张压与年龄无关.血压与高血压家族史、肥胖、高盐饮食、精神紧张、环境噪声等因素有非常明显的联系(P<0.01).结论提示我们预防成人高血压病应从中小学生时期开始. 相似文献
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摘要: 目的测定与比较SPF 级FMMU 白化豚鼠血液指标、心率、颈总动脉压及心室压、脏器参数。方法取30 只雌雄各半、体质量250 ~ 300 g 范围内SPF 级FMMU 白化豚鼠,心脏采血后分别检测血常规、血生化及血气指标; 穿刺颈总动脉量取动脉压,辅助呼吸下开胸测定心室压; 解剖后称量各脏器质量。结果雄性与雌性豚鼠比较: 血液指标中,红细胞、血红蛋白、红细胞压积、谷草转氨酶、淀粉酶、胆固醇、二氧化碳总量、实际碳酸氢根、钠离子、总血红蛋白差异有显著性意义( P < 0. 05 或P < 0. 01) ; 颈总动脉舒张压、颈总动脉平均压、左心室舒张压、右心室收缩压、右心室平均压差异有显著性意义( P < 0. 05 或P < 0. 01) ; 体质量、脑质量差异以及脑垂体、肾上腺、左肾、右肾脏器系数差异有显著性意义( P < 0. 05 或P < 0. 01) 。结论不同性别的SPF 级FMMU 白化豚鼠血生理生化、血气、
颈总动脉压、心室压指标及脏器参数存在差异。 相似文献
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张品菊 《大理学院学报:综合版》2004,3(1):11-12,26
目的 :探讨动态血压变异性(ABPV)与高血压伴冠心病的关系。方法 :采用24h动态血压监测(24hABPM)仪 ,对46例原发性高血压(EH)伴冠心病(CHD)和60例EH无并发症患者及45例正常人进行24hABPM ,以24h、白天、夜间血压均值 ,血压变异性为参数指标。结果:三组24h、白天、夜间血压均值相互比较有显著的统计学意义(P<0 01)。血压变异性 ,EH伴CHD与高血压无并发症组及正常对照组比较有显著的统计学意义(P<0 01) ,而高血压无并发症组与正常对照组比较除白天收缩压变异性有明显差异性外 ,其余无统计学意义。结论:高血压伴冠心病与动态血压变异性及动态血压均值有密切的关系。血压变异性可作为一项有别于平均血压的独立的预测心血管病变及自主神经受损程度的敏感指标。 相似文献
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Genome-wide association study of 14,000 cases of seven common diseases and 3,000 shared controls 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium 《Nature》2007,447(7145):661-678
There is increasing evidence that genome-wide association (GWA) studies represent a powerful approach to the identification of genes involved in common human diseases. We describe a joint GWA study (using the Affymetrix GeneChip 500K Mapping Array Set) undertaken in the British population, which has examined approximately 2,000 individuals for each of 7 major diseases and a shared set of approximately 3,000 controls. Case-control comparisons identified 24 independent association signals at P < 5 x 10(-7): 1 in bipolar disorder, 1 in coronary artery disease, 9 in Crohn's disease, 3 in rheumatoid arthritis, 7 in type 1 diabetes and 3 in type 2 diabetes. On the basis of prior findings and replication studies thus-far completed, almost all of these signals reflect genuine susceptibility effects. We observed association at many previously identified loci, and found compelling evidence that some loci confer risk for more than one of the diseases studied. Across all diseases, we identified a large number of further signals (including 58 loci with single-point P values between 10(-5) and 5 x 10(-7)) likely to yield additional susceptibility loci. The importance of appropriately large samples was confirmed by the modest effect sizes observed at most loci identified. This study thus represents a thorough validation of the GWA approach. It has also demonstrated that careful use of a shared control group represents a safe and effective approach to GWA analyses of multiple disease phenotypes; has generated a genome-wide genotype database for future studies of common diseases in the British population; and shown that, provided individuals with non-European ancestry are excluded, the extent of population stratification in the British population is generally modest. Our findings offer new avenues for exploring the pathophysiology of these important disorders. We anticipate that our data, results and software, which will be widely available to other investigators, will provide a powerful resource for human genetics research. 相似文献
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目的 :了解慢性血液透析 (血透 )人群高血压现状 ,评估透析过程超滤脱水对血压的影响。方法 :回顾分析 36 0例慢性血透病人临床资料 ,观察 3个月每个病人透析前后体重变化与血压变化的关系。结果 :36 0例中有 2 78例 (77 2 % )发生高血压 ,主要表现为透析前收缩压升高 ,透析过程体重的减轻与收缩压的降低相关联 (r=0 .6 3,P <0 0 0 1)。结论 :慢性血透人群多数并发高血压 ,主要是透析前收缩压升高 ,透析过程适当的超滤脱水对控制血压是有益的。 相似文献