热红外低比辐射率高漫反射比表面的分形表征

采用ＤＦＢＩＲ模型分析了热红外低比辐射率高漫反射比粗糙表面的宏观分维特性，利用ＳＥＭ表面形貌图和图像处理系统Ｓ６００计算了宏观分维数，为了描述本粗糙表面的微观分形特征，采用Ｗ－Ｍ函数作为其数学模型，了随机分形算法，对粗糙表面ＳＴＭ微观微形貌进行了分形并进行微观分维数，研究结果表明，热红外低比辐射率高漫反射比粗糙表面不仅菜表面，而且是多尺度分形表面，分维数Ｄ与比辐射率及漫反射比ＤＲ均成正相关关系，红     

分形多孔介质渗透率与孔隙度理论关系模型

基于多孔介质微观孔隙结构的分形特征、毛管模型和Poiseuille方程建立了计算分形多孔介质宏观物性参数渗透率与孔隙度的理论模型,给出了二者之间新的理论关系式.分形多孔介质宏观物性参数及其关系式是多孔介质微观孔隙结构分维数、分形系数和微观结构参数的函数,不包含任何经验或实验常数.定量分析了多孔介质微观孔隙结构分维数、分形系数和微观结构参数对分形多孔介质宏观物性参数及其关联式的影响.理论计算结果与实验结果存在较好的一致性,表明理论模型是有效的.     

基于分形理论和随机抽样的机加工表面粗糙度轮廓曲线几何形貌共性表征

不同表面粗糙度下的轮廓曲线几何形貌共性特征,是建立机加工金属密封面微观泄漏模型,计算气体泄漏率定量评估密封性能的基础前提.首先,通过Monte Carlo随机正态分布抽样公式结合密封表面粗糙度加工参数,模拟得到服从正态分布和预设表面粗糙度值的粗糙表面轮廓曲线.然后,依据不同样本容量和表面粗糙度下平均峰角、平均峰高和三角峰数目/样本容量等轮廓曲线形貌特征统计数据,分析得到模拟曲线几何共性特征.最后,采用分形理论中剖面位形法,通过数据拟合得到粗糙表面轮廓曲线几何形貌特征值(平均峰角和平均峰高)与分形参数(分形维数和分形标度)间的函数关系.结果表明:机加工表面粗糙度与分形维数一一对应,使得用分形参数定量描述粗糙表面轮廓曲线成为可能.     

基于AFM的纸张表面微观形貌分析及表征

利用原子力显微镜(AFM)获取纸张表面微观形貌数据,使用海伦公式对分形维数的算法进行优化,研究了纸张表面的分形特性及用分形维数表征纸张表面微观形貌的可行性.以不同范围和不同计算角度下的均方根粗糙度的标准差的平均值为研究纸张表面高度分布均匀性的参数,探讨了光泽涂布和真空镀铝对纸张表面微观形貌的影响.结果表明:采用未优化的算法所计算的纸张表面分形维数超出了理论值,而用优化后的算法所得的分形维数在理论值范围内;纸张表面具有分形特性,经算法优化后得出的分形维数可作为评价纸张表面微观形貌的参数,其值越大表示微观形貌越复杂;纸张表面高度分布均匀性参数越小,表示高度分布越均匀;当涂布量为3g/m2时,光泽涂布对纸张表面分形维数无影响,而表面高度分布均匀性参数从4.05nm降低至2.11nm;真空镀铝后,纸张表面分形维数从2.58减小至2.21,且表面高度分布均匀性参数从2.54nm降低至0.78nm.     

三维表面微观形貌建模与微通道流动特性仿真

针对金属表面功能结构的多尺度数字化设计问题,基于机械加工表面微观形貌中存在的自仿射分形特性,探索了将Weierstrass-Mandelbrot分形与三维参数曲面相合成的数学方法.该方法能够将表面功能结构的微观粗糙形貌与宏观模型相集成,从而有效支持表面功能结构的多尺度形貌建模.以犁削成形的V型毛细微通道的微流体特性为仿...     

分形在砂状氧化铝强度研究中的应用

应用分形理论研究了砂状氧化铝表面形貌和强度的关系. 采用扫描电镜分析了一系列种分、碳分氧化铝颗粒的形貌特征, 进行了分维数的计算和磨损指数的测定. 研究结果表明, 碳分氧化铝的磨损指数随分维数增大而增大;种分氧化铝磨损指数和分维数之间的关系必须结合形貌结构进行分析, 形貌结构类型相同的种分氧化铝的磨损指数随分维数增大而增大.     

河道床面形态分形量化方法比较研究

河道床面形态是河流动力学及河床演变学的基本问题,它与冲积河流的流动结构、水流阻力及泥沙输运等方面有密切联系.河道床面形态是水流、泥沙相互作用的结果,其平面或空间结构具有不规则性,而微观粗糙结构具有自相似性,因此,可采用分形几何学中的分形维数来进行量化,这更能反映粗糙结构的内禀特性.目前粗糙表面分形维数的计算方法有投影覆盖法及其改进方法、立方体覆盖法及其改进方法、小岛法、分形交集公式法以及分数布朗表面的统计性质法等,分析了确定河道床面形态分形维数的可行方法,讨论了不同方法的计算精度,提出改进立方体覆盖法更适于计算各向异性粗糙床面的分形维数,为从微观角度开展河床演变、水流阻力及航道治理等问题的分形研究奠定了基础.     

激光切割表面三维形貌的分形特征

利用白光干涉仪测量激光切割碳素钢表面轮廓数据,应用分形几何学分析激光切割表面的三维形貌特征.采用盒计数法计算激光切割表面的三维分形维数.结果表明：不存在一个超越尺度范围普适的分形维数,只有当尺度r小于轮廓最大高度Ry,才表现出分形特征.对同一激光切割表面进行表征时,同尺度的Ra沿厚度方向变化波动较大,分形维数Db能够对整体表面形貌的复杂程度有着较稳定的表征.分析激光切割表面的三维形貌特征,分形维数表征激光切割表面微观结构的复杂程度,表面粗糙度可对激光切割表面轮廓高度特性进行辅助评价.     

不同退火温度下ZnO薄膜表面形貌的演变及粗化机制

采用磁控溅射方法在Si(001)制备ZnO薄膜,利用原子力显微镜对不同退火温度的ZnO薄膜表面形貌进行表征.结果表明:薄膜的微观形貌、表面粗糙度和分形维数取决于退火温度的变化.在退火温度从室温上升到1000℃过程中,薄膜表面粗糙度逐渐降低,700℃降至最小,而后又迅速粗糙.探讨了不同退火温度下薄膜表面的粗糙机理.     

分形导体粗糙表面的后向增强效应分析

针对粗糙表面散射实验中的后向散射增强现象,采用锥形波束入射的矩量法定量计算了分形粗糙表面的后向散射增强效应,研究了波形参数和表面尺寸的匹配问题,分析了不同入射角下散射增强的角宽度,比较了不同分维数和表面模型下散射增强的幅值。数值计算结果证明了该算法的有效性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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