物理活化法制备椰壳活性炭研究

以椰壳炭化料为原料采用水蒸气活化法在不同操作条件下制备得到各种椰壳活性炭.分别研究了水蒸气活化实验中活化时间和活化温度对活性炭的得率、活性炭碘值和苯酚吸附值的影响关系.实验结果表明,活化温度是水蒸气活化法制备椰壳活性炭的最重要的影响因素.在实验范围内,水蒸气活化法制备椰壳活性炭时,宜将活化温度选择在850℃左右,活化时间为120min.     

椰壳渣制备高比表面积活性炭

通过正交实验和单因素实验探讨了以椰壳渣为原料、KOH为活化剂制备高比表面积活性炭的最佳工艺条件.考查了炭化温度、活化温度、活化时间、活化剂料比等因素对实验结果的影响.在炭化温度为600℃、碱炭质量比为2∶1、活化温度为900℃、活化时间为90 m in条件下,制备出以微孔为主、比表面积达2 180 m2.g-1、总孔容为1.19 mL.g-1的高比表面积活性炭.     

酒糟渣活性炭的制备及其表征

以酒糟渣为原料,采用浓酸炭化法,KOH活化法制备了活性炭。考察了活化温度、活化时间、碱炭质量比以及酒糟渣／KOH质量比对活性炭的影响。采用SEM、BET、FT-IR、XRD对其物化性能进行了表征分析。结果表明：在活化温度为800℃、活化时间为3h、碱炭质量比为3：1、酒糟渣／KOH质量比为4：1时制备的活性炭性能最优。该酒糟渣活性炭吸附孔容为0．88248cm3／g,DFT比表面积为3654．9m3／g,碘吸附值为2216．3mg／g,亚甲基蓝吸附值为389．40mL／g。     

磷酸活化法黄麻杆活性炭的制备及表征

以黄麻杆为原料,采用磷酸活化法制备活性炭,通过正交试验探讨了磷酸浓度、活化温度、活化时间对活性炭得率和吸附性能的影响,确立了最佳制备工艺,即：磷酸浓度2mol／L、活化温度400℃、活化时间1h．实验结果表明：在最佳工艺条件下制得的黄麻杆活性炭得率为4,2．93％,碘吸附值为1059．26mg／g,亚甲基蓝吸附值为353．10mg／g,比表面积为1779．4m㎡／g,总孔容为0．960m3／g,平均孔径为2．16nm,呈现出高中孔率结构．     

用于CH_4/N_2分离的高效活性炭制备及其吸附平衡和动力学研究

以椰壳为活性炭原材料,通过高温炭化、对KOH活化条件进行优化,制备出高比表面积活性炭,并采用CO_2二次活化提高微孔材料对CH_4/N_2的吸附选择性,研制出高效吸附分离CH_4/N_2的椰壳活性炭。采用磁悬浮热天平测量了303~363K、0~1 000kPa下CH_4和N_2在所制备的高效椰壳活性炭上的吸附等温线,采用Toth模型对吸附平衡数据进行拟合,获得模型参数和吸附热等动力学参数。建立等温、无动量损失的双分散二级孔结构扩散模型,采用稀释穿透曲线法研究了CH_4和N_2在此高效椰壳活性炭上的吸附动力学。最后,通过固定床吸附分离CH_4/N_2的实验,研究了椰壳活性炭动态吸附分离CH_4/N_2机理,为优化设计CH_4/N_2吸附分离过程提供基础理论依据。     

一次性筷子制备活性炭的研究

对废弃一次性筷子的综合利用进行了探索性的实验研究,以一次性筷子为原料制备活性炭,采用条件实验比较氯化锌法和磷酸法对一次性筷子活化效果的影响。结果表明,磷酸法制备出的活性炭性能优于另外一种方法。以磷酸为活化剂,研究了浸渍比、活化温度、活化剂浓度、活化时间对活性炭的得率和碘吸附值的影响。实验结果表明,在最佳工艺条件:活化剂浓度50%,活化温度500℃,浸渍比3:1,活化时间60min,浸渍时间12h下,所制得活性炭的碘吸附值为863.10mg/g。     

混合碱法甘蔗渣基活性炭的制备工艺研究

采用正交试验方法研究影响混合碱法制备甘蔗渣基活性炭性能的4种工艺因素：活化剂配比、料液比、活化温度及活化时间。结果表明,影响甘蔗渣活性炭吸附性能的工艺因素的强弱秩序为：活化时间、活化温度、活化剂配比、料液比;样品的亚甲基蓝吸附值随着活化温度的升高或活化时间的延长而呈先增后降的变化规律。其最佳工艺为：活化剂配比（KOH：NaOH）7．4：1、料液比1．18：1、浸渍时间24h、活化温度923K、活化时间0．42h。经优化工艺制得的甘蔗渣基活性炭样品的亚甲基蓝吸附值为12．7ml／0．1g,为活性炭国家标准（GB／T13803．4—1999）中一级品的1．4倍。     

中心组合设计法优化CuCl2为活化剂的茶梗活性炭制备工艺

本研究以茶梗为原料,以氯化铜为活化剂,化学法制备载铜茶梗活性炭,采用响应面法优化所制备活性炭的吸附性能.在单因素实验的基础上选取浸渍比、氯化铜浓度、活化温度、活化时间为影响因子,利用Box-Behnken中心组合试验（简称BBD）进行4因素3水平的试验设计,以活性炭得率和碘吸附值作为响应值,进行响应面分析.结果表明,制备活性炭的最佳条件为：氯化铜浓度为25％、浸渍比为4、活化温度为600℃、活化时间为5 h,在此条件下,制得的活性炭的碘吸附值为453 mg/g、得率为47.09％.在优化条件下,制得的活性炭的碘吸附值和得率与预测值基本符合,所以据响应面法原理,对相关影响因素进行试验优化设计可行.     

碳酸钾化学活化法制备土霉素菌渣活性炭研究

为了解决制药行业土霉素菌渣处置的难题,该文以土霉素菌渣为原材料,K2CO3为活化剂,采用化学活化法制备土霉素菌渣活性炭.通过电镜扫描和氮气吸附对较佳条件下制备的活性炭特性进行了表征.实验得出制备土霉素菌渣活性炭的较佳工艺条件为:活化温度800℃,活化时间3h,活化比1∶3.该活性炭的苯酚吸附值为215 mg/g,比表面积达1 593.09 m2/g,亚甲基蓝吸附值为117 mg/g.该活性炭孔结构丰富,主要以微孔为主,平均孔径为1.09 nm,微孔孔容为0.54 cm3/g,中孔孔容为0.27 cm3/g.     

黄芪废渣活性炭的制备及其对 Cu2+和Cd2+的吸附特性

以黄芪废渣(AS)为原料,用KOH为活化剂制备黄芪废渣活性炭(ASC)并用于对水溶液中Cu~(2+)和Cd~(2+)的吸附.考察了KOH质量浓度、活化时间、活化温度和浸渍比(活化剂体积(mL):黄芪废渣质量(g))等因素对黄芪废渣活性炭碘吸附值和得率的影响;通过扫描电子显微镜、比表面积测定和X射线衍射等方法对黄芪废渣活性炭进行表征.结果表明,在KOH质量浓度为20%,浸渍比3∶1,温度为600℃,活化炭化时间为80 min时,制备的黄芪废渣活性炭的比表面积为1 519.53 m~2·g~(-1),对重金属离子Cu~(2+)和Cd~(2+)在20℃,pH分别为5.0和6.0时饱和吸附量分别为1.98和1.04 mmol·g~(-1).     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-