Armillariella tabescens发酵生产菌丝体复合多糖的条件

试验研究了5 L发酵罐上液体深层培养假密环菌,生产菌丝体复合多糖的发酵条件,同时比较用酵母泥作培养基和用马铃薯作培养基发酵过程中假密环菌的生长情况、产多糖量和菌丝体生长形态.结果表明:接种量为5%,温度(26.0±0.5)℃,pH为6.00±0.2,溶氧保持在20%以上;从培养开始到收罐的0~85 h,搅拌速度从80 r/m in到160 r/m in分阶段递增;补料分批发酵,上罐培养3~4 d为最适发酵条件.使用马铃薯复合培养基发酵的发酵液中菌密度最高可达11.541 g(干质量).L-1,而使用酵母泥复合培养基菌密度最高达9.657 g(干质量).L-1,前者比后者高出19.51%.而酵母泥培养基的多糖质量浓度则最高达1.27 g.L-1,比马铃薯培养基高出22.83%.且平均培养时间比马铃薯培养基缩短12 h.     

比色法监测细胞培养基酸度

基于酚红在不同酸度下显色不同的原理,建立了利用比色法检测CO2非依赖培养基L-15pH值的方法.结果表明,L-15培养基的pH值在6.8到8.5范围内,与560 nm处吸光度有良好的线性关系(R2=0.993 4),依此可通过测量培养基560 nm处吸光度计算pH值.还研究了温度和空气接触对该方法的影响,并使用该法成功地监测了L-15培养基培养MG-63细胞过程中酸度的变化.     

蜂窝状微生物膜降解氨氮

实验利用新型悬浮载体对氨氮降解进行了研究.在悬浮载体上形成了蜂窝状的微生物薄膜结构,增加了微生物附着的比表面积,薄膜的形成有利于氧气的扩散和基质的转移,为硝化菌提供了有利的生存环境.实验在pH值为7.8～8.2,温度为24～29℃的条件下,当进水的氨氮质量浓度为40～78mg·L-1时,经过3h的反应周期后,氨氮质量浓度下降到2mg·L-1以下,COD从300mg·L-1降低到50mg·L-1以下;在反应周期为4h时,氨氮质量浓度从80～130mg·L-1下降到3.5mg·L-1以下,COD从350mg·L-1降低到46mg·L-1以下.结果表明,该悬浮载体上形成的生物膜结构有利于氨氮降解,反应器内实现了较好的COD和氨氮去除.     

MS培养基凝固效果和高温灭菌后pH值变化的研究

研究了培养基的pH值、琼脂浓度与MS培养基凝固的关系 ,以及不同成分对高温灭菌后MS培养基pH值的影响 .结果表明 ,调高培养基的pH值或增加琼脂浓度均可改善培养基的凝固效果 ;高温灭菌后 ,MS基本培养基的pH值由灭菌前的 5 .80下降为 5 .5 1 ,造成pH值下降的最主要原因是高温灭菌过程中EDTA铁盐与其它微量元素发生相互作用所致 ;同基本培养基相比 ,培养基中加入 3 0 .0g·L- 1 蔗糖、食用白糖、葡萄糖或果糖使高温灭菌后的培养基的pH值分别下降了 0 .0 6、0 .1 0、0 .2 8和 0 .98个单位 ,而添加 2 .0g·L- 1 水解酪蛋白、蛋白胨、酵母提取物或 1 .0～ 5 .0g·L- 1 活性炭则使高温灭菌后的培养基的pH值分别上升了 0 .2 3 ,0 .1 8,0 .3 9和 0 .1 9～ 0 .72个单位     

产几丁质酶菌株的分离与鉴定及产酶条件优化

从土壤中分离到一株产几丁质酶的细菌LL-C.该菌经16S rDNA序列同源性分析及形态培养特征、生理生化特征分析,鉴定为Luteibacter rhizovicinus,属于黄单胞菌科(Xanthomonadaceae).以不同发酵时间、碳源、氮源、起始pH值、培养基装液量和培养温度为因素,考察LL-C菌株产几丁质酶的优化条件.结果表明,最有利于该菌产几丁质酶的条件:碳源为胶体几丁质、氮源为(NH4)2SO4,培养基起始pH值为4.5,培养基装液量为30 mL,培养温度为32 ℃,振荡培养时间为7 d,此优化条件下,摇瓶产酶活力为115.02 μkat·L-1.     

一株菲降解菌的生长特性及其对荧蒽和芘的降解能力

 研究了一株固氮螺菌属(Azospirillum)的菲降解菌PE1501 1在不同培养条件（温度、初始pH值、菲初始浓度、共基质）下的生长特性,并初步考察了该菌株在液体培养基和土壤中对4环PAHs—荧蒽和芘的潜在降解能力。结果表明,在含菲50 mg/L的无机盐液体培养基中,该菌株的最适生长温度为30℃;偏酸性环境更有利于菌株生长,液体培养基初始pH 5.0时菌株生长最好;该菌株能耐受菲的初始浓度超过200 mg/L,但菲初始浓度较高时菌株生长出现较明显的延迟期;添加乙酸、溶解性富里酸或溶解性胡敏酸作为菲的共基质对菌株生长有短暂的促进作用;在液体培养基中菌株能以菲或荧蒽为唯一碳源和能源充分生长,并对荧蒽有一定程度的去除能力,但对芘的降解能力很低;将该菌株接种到灭菌污染土壤中,可有效提高菲、荧蒽或芘的去除效果。     

江油附子茎段和茎尖植株再生技术的初步研究

选择生长健壮、无病虫害的附子茎段和顶芽为外植体,接种到附加不同植物生长素的培养基上进行离体培养研究.结果表明:MS+6-BA 2 mg.L-1+NAA 0.3 mg.L-1的培养基诱导无菌苗效果最佳,1/2MS+IBA 1 mg.L-1+KT 0.5 mg.L-1生根培养基,生根率达80%.利用该技术可以成功的建立附子再生植株的实验体系.     

一品红离体培养及体细胞胚高频率发生的研究

一品红苞片为外植体进行离体培养,以MS+2,4-D 2.0 mg.L-1+6-BA 0.5 mg.L-1固体培养基愈伤诱导率及相对生长量最高。此培养基中继代的愈伤组织转入MS+2,4-D 1.0 mg.L-1+6-BA 0.5 mg.L-1+水解酪蛋白80 mg.L-1固体培养基时体细胞胚分化率最高。加入活性碳1 g.L-1有利于高频率体细胞胚发生。MS培养基优于N6和B5培养基,有利于高频率体细胞胚发生。胚性愈伤组织及时转入液体培养基中悬浮振荡培养有利于高频率体细胞胚发生。     

几株黑曲霉菌株的溶磷能力初探

利用固体无机磷培养基和固体有机磷培养基对5株黑曲霉溶磷菌株进行筛选,根据溶磷透明圈与菌落直径大小的比值筛选出两株高效溶磷菌株分别命名为A82和A92。同时对这两株菌株进行无机磷和有机磷液体培养,根据培养过程中菌液的pH值、生物量、溶解磷及消化磷含量的变化探讨黑曲霉的溶磷特性。结果表明：A82和A92黑曲霉菌液pH随着溶磷能力的提高而下降;A82黑曲霉在有机磷液体培养基中培养5d后生物量达到最大;在无机磷液体培养基中培养第4d后溶磷能力达到最大值64mg/L。     

一株异养硝化真菌的筛选及其特性

从焦化废水曝气池的活性污泥中,分离纯化出一株高效降解氨氮的异养硝化真菌。通过26SrRNA基因序列分析,再结合菌落形态、生理生化特征,鉴定该菌为青霉属(Penicillium),命名为L1。对该菌的培养基进行优化,选择出最佳的碳氮源、碳氮摩尔比、初始pH值;采用优化培养基培养L1,36h后可将初始质量浓度为130 mg/L的氨氮降解至5.61 mg/L,降解率为95.68%,且几乎没有亚硝酸盐氮和硝酸盐氮的积累。培养基中同时含有100mg/L氨氮和200~1 000mg/L苯胺时,L1对两者同时降解的效果也较好。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with