汽车防抱制动系统的正确使用与检修

"ABS"为Anti-Brake System(防锁死刹车系统)的缩写它是一种具有防滑、防锁死等优点的汽车安全控制系统。ABS是常规刹车装置基础上的改进型技术,可分机械式和电子式两种。现代汽车上大量安装防抱死制动系统,ABS既有普通制动系统的制动功能,又能防止车轮锁死,使汽车在制动状态下仍能转向,保证汽车的制动方向稳定性,防止产生侧滑和跑偏,是目前汽车上最先进、制动效果最佳的制动装置。下篇论文上阐述了汽车的防抱制动系统ABS在使用与检修过程中的注意点。     

汽车防抱死系统对汽车刹车时翻覆性影响

本文建立了没有防抱死系统的汽车刹车和装有防抱死系统的汽车刹车时的受力模型。通过对理想模型的动力学分析，给出了在抱死情况下，汽车不至于翻覆的主要尺寸参数。在这样的参数下，再对装有防抱死系统的汽车进行动力分析，确定在何种情况下，汽车在翻覆性上安全性最高，即最不容易翻覆。     

汽车防抱死制动系统浅述

防抱死制动系统ABS是以提高汽车行驶性能为目的而开发的,ABS是汽车主动安全性能的一项重要技术,目前在国内外已经得到广泛应用,防抱死系统不是单纯的防滑系统.本文主要阐述汽车防抱死装置(ABS)系统的工作原理、重要作用以及对该系统未来从车辆整体性方面的发展提出预测.     

电子式电压互感器的研究与设计

在分析电子式电压互感器当前技术和发展的基础上,系统总结并提出了电子式电压互感器的原理和设计要求.分析了传光型电压互感器的系统组成,给出了以电容分压器测量电压的电子式电压互感器的原理和设计方法,论述了电子式电压互感器的优点和性能.     

ABS整车布置方式对制动性能的影响

为分析防抱死系统的不同控制方式对整车制动性能的影响,基于滑移率的智能权函数模糊防抱死控制思想建立防抱死系统数学模型．通过Matlab／Simulink模决,建立了采用不同ABS控制方式的整车系统模型．利用该模型针对特定的工况进行了整车制动性能的仿真,并给出了ABS的布置方式．结果表明：独立和高选控制的布置方式能够充分利用路面条件进行制动,但车辆的稳定性被破坏;而低选控制方式的制动效能不及上述两种布置方式,但能保证车辆有较好的制动稳定性．     

基于最小二乘支持向量机的防抱死制动控制方法

以车轮参考滑移率和角加速度作为输入向量,以制动轮缸的制动压力作为输出向量,设计了基于最小二乘支持向量机(LS-SVM)的汽车防抱死制动系统(ABS)控制器,利用支持向量对控制器进行训练得到控制器的参数.设计了包括输入层、控制层和输出层的汽车防抱死控制系统,系统以各轮的速度作为输入向量,经过控制层的运算得到各轮的制动压力,然后采用PwM(pulsewidth modulation)方法控制轮缸压力,进而实现防抱死控制.搭建了汽车ABS测控系统,参照国际标准,在不同条件下进行道路试验.试验结果表明,基于LS-SVM的汽车防抱死制动控制方法具有良好的制动平稳性和自适应性,是一种有效的新的ABS控制方法.     

半挂车气动防抱死制动系统研制

根据半挂车的特点,设计了由磁电式传感器、 Ｅ Ｃ Ｕ 和电磁阀组成的气制动、防抱死制动系统详细介绍了以８９ Ｃ２０５１ 为核心的单片机系统的硬件组成并给出了关键控制程序为了在研制阶段方便地了解制动性能,设计了三通道实时信号检测系统,并在转鼓上对上述系统进行试验,结果表明,单片机、传感器、执行机构工作正常,防抱死效果明显     

轿车制动效能试验数据的回归分析与仿真

针对国产轿车道路试验中的工况控制、试验结果比较以及试验与仿真的对比等问题 ,提出了在制动效能分析中采用试验实测数据回归分析 ,并利用整车简化模型进行仿真估算的方法 ,并依此分析了原车安装防抱死制动系统后的制动效果 .该方法可为国产化轿车安装防抱死制动系统提供一种简易的分析方法     

汽车防抱死制动系统的原理与应用

汽车防抱死装置(ABS)系统,能使汽车在任何路面上进行较大制动力刹车时,防止车轮完全抱死,进而防止事故的发生,是具有良好制动效果的刹车装置.本文主要阐述汽车防抱死装置(ABS)系统的工作原理、重要作用以及使用该系统的注意事项.     

半挂车气动防抱死制动系统研制

根据半挂车的特点，设计了由磁电式传感器、ＥＣＵ和电磁阀组成的气制动、防抱死制动系统。详细介绍了以８９Ｃ２０５１为核心的单片机系统的硬件组成并给出了关键控制程序。为了在研制阶段方便地了解制动性能，设计了三通道实时信号检测系统，并在转鼓上对上述系统进行试验，结果表明，单片机、传感器、执行机构工作正常，防抱死效果明显。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-