泡桐遗传转化系统的建立

通过农杆菌Ｔｉ质粒介导，将模式基因（新霉素磷酸转移酶＋β－葡萄糖酸苷酶基因）导入泡桐，并对影响转化及选择再生的一系列因子进行优化，创建了泡桐的遗传转化系统。优化后的系统为：用泡桐完整叶片作外植体，侵染转化的菌液浓度ＯＤ６００值控制在０．１～０．２，经２０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ Ｃａ＾２＋处理，共培养６ｄ；在１０ｍｇ／Ｌ卡那霉素＋２５０ｍｇ／Ｌ羧苄青霉素的选择压下培养数天，随后在仅含Ｋａｎ的选择压下继续培养，     

甘蓝型油菜萝卜质不育系恢复材料Ad-6(F4)测交二代恢复株TCF2的快繁及生根

油菜萝卜胞质不育系恢复材料Ａｄ－６（Ｆ４）测交二代恢复株ＴＣＦ２,在ＭＳ附加５ｍ ｇ／Ｌ６－ＢＡ＋ ０．５ｍ ｇ／Ｌ ＮＡＡ,３ｍ ｇ／Ｌ ６－ＢＡ＋ ０．２ｍ ｇ／Ｌ ＮＡＡ,３ｍ ｇ／Ｌ ６－ＢＡ＋ ０．３ｍ ｇ／Ｌ ＮＡＡ＋６００ｍ ｇ／Ｌ水解乳蛋白以及５ｍ ｇ／Ｌ６－ＢＡ＋ ０．３ｍ ｇ／ＬＮＡＡ＋ ５ｍ ｇ／ＬＡｇＮＯ３ 的不同培养基上诱导丛生芽,结果表明５ｍ ｇ／Ｌ６－ＢＡ＋ ０．３ｍ ｇ／ＬＮＡＡ＋ ５ｍ ｇ／ＬＡｇＮＯ３ 对ＴＣＦ２ 诱导丛生芽有较好的效果．小芽生根培养基为１／２ＭＳ效果最好．     

百合基因转化受体系统的建立

以百合叶片为外植体不经愈伤组织直接诱导并且发育成带球径的大苗进行了研究，结果表明：叶片分芽培养基为ＭＳ＋ＢＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＺＴ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ，生根培养基为１／２ＭＳ＋ＮＡＡ０．２～１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ，成球并且生长培养基为ＭＳ＋ＩＡＡ１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ，移栽成活率为１００％．从而建立了百合基因转化的受体系统     

荞麦组织培养中的植株再生

用荞麦无菌苗的幼茎和幼叶作外植体分别接种在ＭＳ补加不同激素组合的培养基上培养获得再生植株。实验结果表明,适宜诱导愈伤组织的激素组合为２．４－Ｄ４．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＫＴ０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ,适宜愈伤组织生长的激素组合为２．４－Ｄ１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＫＴ１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ。诱导芽的较适宜的组合为６－ＢＡ３．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＩＡＡ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ,不定芽接种到含ＭＳ＋ＩＢＡ２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＫＴ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ的ＭＳ培养基上就能生     

Zn2+和复方新诺明(SMZ-TMP)对小麦种子发芽及幼苗生长的影响

Ｚｎ２＋ 和 Ｓ Ｍ Ｚ Ｔ Ｍ Ｐ 对小麦种子的发芽率没有显著影响,但 ０．０９％ Ｚｎ２＋ ＋ ０．５ｍ ｇ／ Ｌ Ｓ Ｍ Ｚ Ｔ Ｍ Ｐ 的处理液可提高其发芽指数、活力指数、幼苗长度、幼苗叶片叶绿素含量和幼苗根系活力,且０．１２％ Ｚｎ２＋ ＋ ０．５ｍ ｇ／ Ｌ Ｓ Ｍ Ｚ Ｔ Ｍ Ｐ 处理液能提高小麦幼苗中α—淀粉酶活性     

环状芽胞杆菌（Bacillus circulans）基因表达效率调节DNA片段的研究

用大肠杆菌（Ｅｓｃｈｅｒｉｃｈｉａｃｏｌｉ）启动子探针型载体ｐＳＵＰＶ１从环状芽胞杆菌（Ｅａｃｉｌｌｕａｅｉｒｃｕｌａｎｓｃ－２）基因组中分离的启动子片段ＢＣ６能使无启动子的卡那霉素抗性基因恢复活性，并在大肠杆菌中获得高效表达（卡那霉素抗性高达１２００μｇ／ｍＬ）．当用限制酶ＸｂａⅠ去除其５′－端１．２ｋｂ片段（命名为Ｘｂ片段）后，３′－端片段仍能启动Ｋａｎ￣ｒ基因表达，其抗性水平降至４００μｇ／ｍＬ但当１．２ｋｂ片段反向插回原有位置时，其抗性水平降至６００μｇ／ｍＬ．将Ｘｂ片段正向插入另一重组质粒ｐＢＣ３中融合的Ｋａｎ￣ｒ基因启动子的上游时，卡那霉素抗性由２００μｇ／ｍＬ上升至１０００μｇ／ｍＬ．当Ｘｂ片段反向插入时，Ｋａｎ￣ｒ基因的表达却明显受到抑制，降为１００μｇ／ｍＬ．这说明Ｘｂ片段具有正向增强而反向衰减Ｋａｎ￣ｒ基因表达的能力．用ＢＣ６片段的两个亚克隆片段与ｃ－２菌株总ＤＮＡ分别作Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交时，结果显示３′－端片段以单拷贝形式存在于基因组中，而Ｘｂ片段则以多拷贝形式散布其中．由此推断Ｘｂ片段并非一定伴随该基因启动子存在．     

库拉索芦荟组织培养研究

以库拉索芦荟为材料进行组织培养研究,分别以根、茎节、茎尖和叶为外植体接种于不同的诱导培养基中诱导芽的分化,待芽长至５ｃｍ左右地将其接入不同的生根培养基中生根,结果表明：茎节接种于ＭＳ（１９６２）＋６－ＢＡ４．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ诱导效率最高,而根没有产生不定芽;１／２ＭＡ＋ＩＡＡ０．２５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．２５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋活性炭０．３ｇ／Ｌ有利于试管苗的生根。     

结球生菜基因转化组织培养受体系统的建立

以结球生菜马莱克为试材，以ＭＳ为基本培养基，采用不同的激素配比，经愈组织诱导及芽分化、生根、移植入土三个步骤的离体培养，获得正常的再生植株，建立了结球生菜的基因转化受体系统，为下一步的基因转化工作提供了有利条件，愈伤组织诱导及芽分化培养基为ＭＳ＋Ｂ０．１－４．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＩＡＡ（或ＮＡＡ或２，４－Ｄ）０．００５－２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ；分根培养基为１／２ＭＳ，还测定了外植体对抗生素的敏感性。     

植物激素对药用植物山丹离体子叶愈伤组织诱导、器官分化及植株再生的影响

ＭＳ培养基附加ＢＡ１，０～２．２／ＮＡＡ０．０１～０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ、ＫＴ１．０～２．０／ＮＡＡ０．０１～０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ、ＢＡ０．５＋ＫＴ０．５／ＮＡＡ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ及ＢＡ１．０＋ＫＴ１．０／ＮＡＡ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ的不同激素组合，处理山丹离体子叶，均能诱导其产生愈伤组织和分化芽，除３Ａ１．０／ＮＡＡ０．０１和ＢＡ１．０／ＮＡＡ０．１外，各组合还均能诱发生根和使植株再生。     

离子敏感微电极的制作及参数测试

本文制作了Ｋ＋，Ｎａ＋液态膜离子敏感微电极（Ｋ＋，Ｎａ＋—ＩＳＭＥ），并稳定了其制作条件，经测试，Ｋ＋—ＩＳＭＥ线性范围为１—１０－４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，检测下限为３．０×１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。对Ｎａ＋选择系数为２．６８×１０－４。电位飘移为±０．１ｍＶ／ｈ。Ｎａ＋—ＩＳＭＥ线性范围为１—２．０×１０－ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，检测下限为５．０×１．０－４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。对Ｋ＋的选择系数为１．８５×１０－２，对Ｃａ２＋的选择系数为１．４６。上述参数均满足生理实验要求，离子敏感微电极技术可做为生理学研究的重要手段。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~