新型硫化剂在Na2WO4溶液中制备硫代钼酸盐

用离子交换法分离P,Si,As,Mo制取高纯APT,需要用硫化剂Na2S或NaHS等从钨酸钠溶液中使钼酸盐转化为硫代钼酸盐,用离子交换法吸附硫代钼酸根从而实现钨钼分离.这些硫化剂价格较高,使除钼成本增大.因而,研究一种高效、价格低廉的新型硫化剂非常重要.作者研究了一种比RCS廉价的新型硫化剂R1CS代替RCS,NaHS,Na2S和H2S,考察了新型硫化剂R1CS在粗钨酸钠溶液中生成硫代钼酸钠的硫代化效果.结果表明,对含WO3 ℃搅拌反应2.5 h,反应冷至室温后,用1∶1(体积比)的盐酸在密闭的容器中调节酸度至pH值为8.0～8.4,在70 ℃磁力搅拌再反应2 120.256 g/L,Mo 1.457 g/L的实际钨酸钠溶液,控制R1CS的加入量为Mo的近10倍,在装有回流管的三颈瓶中于106 h,用3%N263单级萃取检查硫代化效果,钼的萃取率可达96%以上,表明运用这种新型硫化剂在Na2WO4溶液中制备硫代钼酸盐时成本低,效率高.     

钨钼分离不同酸度调节剂对钨钼交换容量影响的研究

使用一种新硫化剂，分别以HC1、HCOOH作酸度调节荆，考察了含钼酸根的Na2WO4料液中钼酸根生成硫代钼酸盐钼的硫代化率，以及硫代化料液中阴离子C1^-、HCOO^-存在下，树脂D290、201-W对钨钼交换容量的影响。实验结果表明，使用新的硫化剂钼的硫代化率都在99％以上；C1^-存在下，树脂201-W对WO4^2-的交换容量为13．920mg／ml湿树脂；HCOO^-存在下，树脂对WO4^2-的交换容量为75．725mg／ml。     

N_(7207)萃取钼的研究

采用 N72 0 7从无机酸体系中萃取钼 ,考察了影响萃取平衡的主要因素 ,筛选出反萃取条件。萃取钼的最佳条件为起始水相 p H值为 2 .3,萃取剂浓度为 0 .0 1m ol/L ,经二级错流萃取 ,萃取率可达 99.40 % ,而采用 0 .5 mol/L的氢氧化钠反萃负载有机相 ,一级反萃率可达 10 0 % ,并经紫外可见光谱确证 ,其萃取钼的机理属于离子缔合物萃取体系的阴离子交换反应     

N7207萃取钼的研究

采用７２０７从无机酸体系中萃取相,考察了影响萃取平衡的主要因素,筛选出反萃取条件。萃取钼的最佳条件为起始水相ｐＨ值为２．３,萃取剂浓度为０．０１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ,经二级错流萃取,萃取率可达９９．４０％,而采用０．５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的氢氧化钠反萃负载有机相,一级反萃有机相,一级反萃率可达１００％,并经紫外可见光谱确证,其萃取钼的机理属于离子缔合物萃取体系的阴离子交换反应。     

钼的硫化反应热力学分析

钨钼分离是钨提取冶金中的1道重要工序．目前工业上应用的分离方法大都基于钨和钼对硫亲和力的差异,在一定条件下使MoO2-4硫化为MoS2-4而进一步除去,因而研究有关硫化反应的理论对于寻找最佳工艺条件有重要指导意义．作者通过热力学计算,对钼的硫化行为进行了考察．研究结果表明为使钼完全硫化,溶液的pH值要低于8;实践中所采用的n(S)=4n(Mo)且溶液中游离0.125mol/L,远超过热力学平衡需要,实际上是考虑到动力学原因;在上述条件下钼可完全硫化．     

采用HBL101从锌置换渣高酸浸出液中萃取锗

针对现行的湿法炼锌渣中提取锗的研究现状,采用新型萃取剂HBL101从锌置换渣的高酸浸出液中直接萃取锗,考察了料液酸度、萃取剂体积分数、萃取温度、萃取时间和相比对萃取的影响以及氢氧化钠质量浓度、反萃温度、反萃时间和反萃相比对反萃的影响,并对萃取剂转型条件进行了研究.实验表明：有机相组成为30% HBL101+70%磺化煤油(体积分数)作为萃取剂,料液酸度为113.2 g·L-1 H2 SO4,其最佳萃取条件为萃取温度25℃,萃取时间20 min,相比O/A=1：4.经过五级逆流萃取,锗萃取率达到98.57%.负载有机相用150 g·L-1 NaOH溶液可选择性反萃锗得到高纯度锗酸钠溶液,其最佳反萃条件为反萃温度25℃,反萃时间25 min,相比O/A=4：1.经过五级逆流反萃,反萃率可达到98.1%.反萃锗后负载有机相再用200 g·L-1硫酸溶液反萃共萃的铜并转型,控制反萃温度25℃,反萃时间20 min,O/A=2：1.经过五级逆流反萃,铜反萃率可达到99.5%并完成转型,萃取剂返回使用.     

用饱和法研究N_(235)萃钨机理

用碳链较长的第三胺萃取钨方法应用于钨的冶金工艺,是在五十年代开始的。从近年国内外的一些研究成果看,这种方法很有发展前途。据前人研究,萃取时须将钨酸钠的水溶液酸化到弱酸性,pH值约在2-3之间比较合适。报导第三胺萃钨机理的文献还不多,文献[2]和[5]探讨了这个问题。存讨论这个问题之前必须先了解钨酸钠水溶液酸化到各不同pH值下,溶液中钨的存存形式。逐渐加酸于钨酸钠的水溶液中时,随着pH值的降低,生成的钨的同多酸根离子的组成逐渐变更,情况很复杂,文献中还没有完全一致的看法。例如,Cotton和Wilkinson在他们的著作中指出酸化WO4-水溶液时的主要变化如下:     

低品位硫铜钴矿生物浸出液中铜的分离

生物氧化法处理低品位铜钴硫化矿时,浸出液常含有高浓度的铁、低浓度的钴及一定量的铜,因此在回收钴前对其中的铜进行选择性分离提取,并避免钴的损失.采用萃取剂LIX984N选择性分离低品位硫铜钴矿生物浸出液中的铜.结果表明,当采用LIX984N体积分数为25%的有机相,在环境温度为35℃,相比为1∶1时,混合时间为5min,平衡pH值为125的条件下,可达到994%的铜萃取率.该条件下铁夹带仅为403%,钴共萃率0849%.对负载有机相采用中性水在相比1∶1的条件下洗涤,使钴和铁夹带分别降至0008%和0766%.洗涤后,负载有机相采用200g/L硫酸水溶液反萃,当有机相与水相体积比为1∶1时,经过2级逆流反萃时,铜反萃率达到9813%.     

双离子液体富集结合原子吸收测定植物中痕量锂

分别以憎水性离子液体1,3-二辛基咪唑六氟磷酸盐、亲水性离子液体溴化1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑和4-甲基-10-羟基苯并喹啉作为萃取介质、缔合剂和螯合剂,建立双离子液体锂绿色萃取分离新体系。在氢氧化钠溶液中,锂离子可与4-甲基-10-羟基苯并喹啉和1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑阳离子发生反应,生成稳定的螯合-离子缔合物而被萃取进入憎水性的离子液体相;加入硫酸钠可将此缔合物迅速分解使锂离子重新回到水相。最佳条件下,锂的一次萃取率和反萃率分别为95.5%和99.8%,富集倍数超过50倍。研究表明,1,3-二辛基咪唑六氟磷酸盐经过20次锂的萃取和反萃,其萃取率仍保持在99.1%以上,说明离子液体具有良好的重复利用性。双离子液体绿色萃取结合原子吸收光度法已成功应用于植物中超痕量锂的检测,方法的检出限为0.1μg/g,加标回收率在97.0%～102.5%。     

P204/4PC新协萃体系萃取分离镍与锰镁钙

采用一种新的二元协萃体系P204/4PC对萃取分离镍与锰、镁、钙进行了研究.考察了有机相配比、平衡pH、平衡时间等因素对萃取分离的影响,并绘制了镍萃取与反萃等温线.结果表明,采用1.25mol/L 4PC(L)+0.25mol/L P204(HA)组成的有机相,经过5级模拟逆流萃取,镍的萃取率达到98.7%,其他杂质金属的萃取率基本都在5%以下.负载有机相经过三级逆流反萃,镍的反萃率达到98.2%,反萃后有机相中镍的质量浓度小于0.1g/L.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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