La2O3–Al2O3 –SiO2 glass-infiltrated 3Y-TZP all-ceramic composite for the dental restora tive application

The 3 mol% yttria stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (3Y-TZP) powder had three particle size distributions, while the fine one was lower than 100 nm. The 3Y-TZP compact was prepared by dry-pressing under pressures ranged from 10 to 30 MPa and then presintered at 1250°C for 2 h. The matrix dry-pressed under the pressure of 20 MPa had a porosity of 16.7% and could be easily processed by computer aided design and computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM), and which had been infiltrated by the La2O3–Al2O3–SiO2 glass at 1200°C for 4 h. The flexural strength and fracture toughness of the composite were 710.7 MPa and 6.51 MPa m^1/2, respectively. The low shrinkage (0.3%) of the composite can satisfy the net-shape fabrication standard. XRD results illustrated that zirconia in the La2O3–Al2O3–SiO2 glass-infiltrated 3Y-TZP all-ceramic composite was mainly in the tetragonal phase. SEM and EDS results indicated that the pores of the matrix were almost filled by the La2O3–Al2O3 –SiO2 glass     

低温烧结Al2O3/3Y-TZP复合材料的力学性能

采用可低温烧成的高活性Al2O3以及ZrO2(x(Y2O3)=3%)粉料制备了m(Al2O3)m(3Y-TZP)=8515的复合材料.经成型后的试样在常压、1 350～1 500℃温度下2 h烧成,在1 425℃的相对低温下烧成就可获得相对密度大于0.99的烧结体.利用X射线衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜分别对试样的相组成和显微结构进行分析,研究了相组成和显微结构对Al2O3/3Y-TZP复合材料的力学性能的影响.分析结果表明,在1425℃温度下烧成的复合材料具有了最佳的力学性能,其抗弯强度、断裂韧性和维氏硬度分别达到856 MPa,7.4MPa·m1/2和16.4GPa.     

Al2O3/3Y-TZP复相陶瓷的液相烧结机理

以CaO-MgO-SiO2玻璃为烧结助剂,对液相烧结Al2O3/3Y-TZP(30%体积分数)复相陶瓷的致密化机理进行了研究.结果表明,适量的烧结助剂可以显著促进材料的致密化,液相烧结激活能为169 kJ/mol,表明扩散控制为其致密化机理.     

Fabrication and characterization of laminated Ti-(TiB+La2O3)/Ti composite

The incorporation of ceramic particulate reinforcements into titanium alloys can improve the specific strength and specific stiffness,while inevitably reduce the plasticity and ductility.In this study,in situ synthesized multilayer Ti-(TiB +La_2O_3)/Ti composite was designed by learning from the microstructure of nature biological materials with excellent mechanical properties.The Ti-(TiB + La_2O_3)/Ti composite with unique characteristic of laminated structure was prepared by combined powder metallurgy and hot rolling.The method has the synthesize advantages with in-situ reaction of Ti and LaB_6 at high temperature and controllability of reinforcements size and constituent phases in composites.The result shows that the pores in the as sintered laminated structure composite completely disappeared after hot rolling at 1050℃.The agglomerated reinforcement particles were well dispersed and distributed uniformly along the rolling direction.The thickness of pure Ti layer and(TiB+La_2O_3)/Ti composite layer decreased from 1 mm to about 200 μm.Meanwhile,the grains size was refined obviously after rolling deformation.The room temperature tensile test indicates that the elongation of the laminated Ti-(TiB + La_2O_3)/Ti composite improved from 13%to 17%in comparison with the uniform(TiB + La_2O_3)/Ti composite,while the tensile strength had little change.It provides theoretical and experimental basis for fabricating the novel high performance laminated Ti-(TiB + La_2O_3)/Ti composites.     

Pd/La_2O_3-CeO_2-Al_2O_3/CC催化燃烧低浓度甲烷的试验研究

采用涂覆-浸渍法制备了Pd/La2O3-CeO2-Al2O3/CC催化剂,测定了其对低浓度甲烷催化燃烧活性。试验表明,Pd/La2O3-CeO2-Al2O3/CC催化剂具有良好的催化活性,Pd负载量大的催化剂活性越好,La2O3对催化剂稳定性有帮助,CeO2的加入可以提高催化活性,空速为10000h-1时,0.5%Pd催化剂的T10为309℃、T90为432℃。     

CaO-MgO-CaF2-Al2O3-SiO2五元渣系粘度的计算模型

依据炉渣结构的共存理论和五元渣系ＣａＯ－ＭｇＯ－ＣａＦ２－ＳｉＯ２－Ａｌ２３在不同温度和成分下的实测粘度值,制定了本渣系的作用浓度和粘度计算模型,计算结果符合实际,证明计算模型可以反映ＣａＯ－ＭｇＯ－ＣａＦ２－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２渣系的实际结构与粘度、结构单元的作用浓度及温度之间的正确关系。     

CaO-MgO-MnO-FeO-CaF2-Al2O3-SiO2渣系粘度的计算模型

依据炉渣结构的共存理论与不同温度和成分下熔渣Ｃａｏ－ＭｇＯ－ＭｎＯ－ＦｅＯ－ＣａＦ２－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２的实测粘度制定了本渣系作用浓度和粘度的计算模型,计算结果符合实际证明作用浓度模型可以反映本渣系的实际结构,粘度模型也正确地反映了本渣系粘度与温度及各结构单元作用浓度的正确关系。     

TiO2-Al2O3复合光催化剂的制备及其对甲基橙的降解

以Ti(SO4)2和Al2(SO4)3·18H2O为反应物,用乙醇助溶剂水热法制备了TiO2-Al2O3复合光催化剂,考察了铝/钛摩尔比、水热反应温度、乙醇体积分数及pH值对复合材料光催化效率的影响.X射线衍射测试显示复合材料中的TiO2为锐钛矿和金红石相的混晶结构,紫外-可见漫反射光谱分析表明其吸收光谱发生蓝移,BET测试表明该复合材料具有较大的比表面积.     

亚微米Al2O3,3Y—TZP和纳米SiC水悬浮液稳定性的研究

纳米第二相颗粒弥散在陶瓷基体中构成的复合材料具有优异的力学性能。制备这类复合材料的关键在于纳米级陶瓷粉体的充分分散和复合粉体的均匀混合工艺。本文采用“电空间稳定机制”,以聚电解质PMAA－NH4为分散剂,研究了Al2O3,3Y－TZP和SiC单相系统和Al2O3,－SiC和3Y-TZP－SiC纳米复合系统的最佳分散条件。     

Effects of BN content on the mechanical properties of nanocrystalline 3Y-TZP/Al2O3/BN dental ceramics

3Y-TZP/3wt％ Al2O3 powder was coated with varying amounts of BN using the urea and borate reaction sintering method, and then multiphase ceramics were prepared by hot pressing sintering. The micro-topography and the compositional analysis of synthesized ceramics were conducted through scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. A mechanical tester was used to analyze the Vickers hardness, fracture toughness, and bending strength of the synthesized ceramics. The results showed that the ceramic with a BN content of 12wt％ showed the best processability, but had diminished mechanical properties (such as fracture toughness and bending strength). The ceramic with a BN content of 9wt％ showed better processability than those with 3wt％ and 6wt％ BN. However, the fracture toughness was affected by the addition of 9wt％ BN, making this ceramic only usable as a base material for a three-unit fixed bridge. In con-trast, the ceramics with a BN content of 3wt％ or 6wt％ fulfilled the criteria for use in multi-unit restoration, but their low processability made them unsuitable for milling after sintering.     

MgO修饰的γ-Al2O3作为燃烧催化剂La0.8Sr0.2CoO3载体的研究

以γ-Al2 O3 为第一载体 ,Mg O为修饰物 ,在修饰过程中加入络合剂聚乙烯醇 ( PVA)制备复合载体 ,以稀土复合氧化物 La0 .8Sr0 .2 Co O3 为活性组分 ,采用浸渍蒸干法得到负载型催化剂 ,用 XRD、BET法、二甲苯完全氧化等手段 ,测定了复合载体及催化剂的相关性能 .结果表明 :加入 PVA可有效减小复合载体的晶粒至纳米量级 ,提高其比表面积 ,降低修饰物 Mg O的用量 ,其相应催化剂的活性也得到改善 .     

二次烧成对CaO-B2O3-SiO2系微晶玻璃结构和性能的影响

研究一次和二次烧成对CaO-B2O3-SiO2(CBS)微晶玻璃的烧结性能与介电性能的影响。用X线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)等分析探讨二次烧成对CBS微晶玻璃的微观结构与介电性能的关系。结果表明:与一次烧成相比,二次烧成能够促进玻璃体中的小晶粒生长,试样的收缩率和体积密度有所增加,有利于介电常数提高和介质损耗的降低,且体系中没有出现新的晶相;875℃烧结的试样,X/Y轴收缩率均为14.33%,体积密度达到2.46 g/cm3,10MHz介电常数和损耗相应为6.21和3.5×10-3,热膨胀系数为11.86×10-6/℃,抗折强度为157.36MPa。     

La2O3/Y沸石上La2O3与Y型沸石载体的相互作用

用X射线衍射法(XRD)和骨架红外光谱法(IR)研究了La2O3／Y沸石上La2O3与Y型沸石的相互作用．结果表明：La2O3在Y型沸石上自发分散，且分散阈值较高；La2O3的引入对载体的结构具有破坏作用，且随负载量的增大骨架破坏得越厉害；La2O3负载过程中有部分La进入骨架内部．     

铅硼硅酸盐玻璃中Al2O3含量对复相玻璃陶瓷性能的影响

以低软化点的铅硼硅酸盐玻璃和Al2O3粉末为原料,制备Al2O3/玻璃低温共烧复合玻璃陶瓷材料。考察烧结温度和添加不同质量分数的Al2O3对复合玻璃陶瓷烧结机制和微波介电性能的影响,并探讨了作用机制。结果表明:Al2O3掺入PbO-B2O3-SiO2玻璃中改善了与Al2O3陶瓷的界面润湿,对烧结有一定的促进作用。在添加质量分数为4%Al2O3的复相玻璃陶瓷、烧成温度为850℃时性能最好,其密度为3.1 g/cm3,介电常数为8.46,介电损耗为0.001 1。     

La添加对S_2O_8~(2-)/ZrO_2-Al_2O_3固体超强酸催化剂性能的影响

柠檬酸三丁酯(TBC)是绿色环保无毒的增塑剂,其传统合成工艺采用浓硫酸作催化剂,设备腐蚀、三废问题严重,开发高效、绿色的替代催化剂是当前研究的重点。本文采用共沉淀-浸渍法向S2O82-/ZrO2-Al2O3催化剂中引入适量的La元素,制备出具有较高催化活性和稳定性的固体超强酸催化剂;以柠檬酸三丁酯的合成为探针反应评价催化剂的活性,并通过红外光谱、X射线衍射、NH3程序升温脱附,吡啶红外光谱等表征方法考察了La的添加对催化剂结构和性能的影响,结果表明:La的加入能够阻止催化剂中过硫酸根的分解,增强S和O之间的相互作用;少量的La不仅能增加催化剂的比表面积、酸强度和酸量,且能提高催化剂的活性和稳定性,当La的加载量为1%时,制得的催化剂活性最高,柠檬酸的转化率达到93.69%。这表明La的引入可提高固体超强酸催化剂的活性和稳定性,所制备的催化剂可用于传统催化剂浓硫酸的替代品,并有效降低设备的损耗,提高产品TBC的品质,优化TBC合成工艺,具有良好的经济价值。     

燃烧合成技术制备α-Al_2O_3纳米粉

研究了燃烧合成技术制备纳米粉Al2O3·铝的硝酸盐和有机物为前驱体,一次反应即合成αAl2O3产物·实验考查了合成条件,最佳反应温度为650～750℃·采用XRD和红外光谱分析了纳米粉的结构,电子透射电镜研究了Al2O3粉的粒度与形貌,研究结果表明,Al2O3粉体为α型,粒度在60～80nm之间,球状·     

ZrO2对Cr2O3-Al2O3陶瓷增韧的影响

为了研究ZrO2对Cr2O3-Al2O3复合陶瓷的增韧性能,利用WES-100型电液伺服万能试验机研究了ZrO2在Cr2O3-Al2O3陶瓷中的烧结行为以及热处理制度对材料力学性能的影响;并用XRD和SEM分析了陶瓷的韧性与晶体结构及显微组织之间的关系。结果表明,随着ZrO2质量分数的增加,Cr2O3-Al2O3陶瓷的烧结温度降低,烧成的陶瓷的致密度提高。ZrO2晶内的（Cr0．6Al0.4）2O3晶粒能产生巨大的热压应力,阻止裂纹扩散,产生明显的增韧效果。     

Pr3+掺杂Li2O-CdO-Al2O3-SiO2玻璃的光谱特性研究

合成了Pr^3 掺杂Li2O-CdO-Al2O3-SiO2(以下简称LCAS)玻璃,对其吸收光谱和荧光光谱进行了测试和分析．在254nm UV激发下,观察到强的483nm蓝线和609nm红发射现象,对其形成机理进行了分析．根据吸收光谱和Judd-Ofelt理论,计算了该玻璃中Pr^3 离子在不同能级间的实验与理论振子强度、辐射跃迁几率、积分发射截面、荧光分支比和寿命等光谱强度参数,较大的积分发射截面显示LCAS：Pr^3 玻璃可能成为一种新的激光功能材料。     

Pd/ZrO2-Al2O3催化剂的甲烷催化燃烧性能

用共沉淀法制备不同摩尔配比的ZrO2和Al2O3混合载体，负载贵金属Pd后，对该催化剂系列进行甲烷燃烧反应的活性表征．利用XRD.BET，BJH孔分布，CO脉冲吸附Pd分散度测定法等技术考察了ZrO2和Al2O3不同配比对混合载体的结构和催化剂性能的影响．结果表明．ZrO2和Al2O3的摩尔比为1：5．8的负载Pd催化剂活性最好，载体中单斜晶相氧化锆和较大孔径分布的催化剂都有助于催化剂活性的改善．