供电网无功优化的“非增量”二次规划模型

基于解耦方法,将各支路无功潮流设置为规划变量,构造了能计入多种约束的供电网无功优化的“非增量”二次规划模型。该模型适用于35～110kV供电网。经对四川省某县35kV供电网的分析计算,表明该模型是有效的。     

应用遗传算法实现配电网的无功规划优化

以配网系统全年电能损耗和无功补偿设备投资之和最小为目标，建立了考虑系统不同运行方式下无功规划的数学模型。采用结合灵敏度分析的改进遗传算法求解数学模型，提出容性和感性无功的补偿规划原则。实例验结果表明，应用该模型和算法可以有效地对配电系统进行无功优化，优化后系统的网损明显降低，节点电压明显提高。     

电力系统无功补偿最优规划综合模型

本文提出了一个实用的无功补偿最优规划综合模型。该模型的目标函数计及了无功补偿费用和网络损耗费用,对电力系统在正常和故障时的调压要求、无功补偿点的优化选择以及不同年份要求不同补偿容量等均作了考虑。模型主要包括无功补偿优化和事故情况下调压措施优化两个非线性子模型,采用简约梯度法求解。应用本模型对电力系统作了计算,获得了满意的结果。     

利用增量二次规划和启发式方法的电力系统动态无功优化

针对电力系统动态无功优化数学模型存在优化过程长、收敛稳定性差的问题,导出了以控制变量增量为求解变量的电力系统动态无功优化的二次规划模型,并以具有有限次迭代收敛的Lemke算法求解,这样的动态无功优化控制计算量小,非常适合于对计算速度和算法稳定性要求高的动态无功优化控制问题.针对控制变量控制次数约束,采用启发式归并方法对其进行约束限制,有效避免了将控制变量动作次数约束纳入优化过程的复杂性.实际算例表明,文中方法不仅运算速度快,且收敛稳定性好.     

基于全寿命周期成本的配电网多阶段无功规划

以无功补偿方案全寿命周期净收益现值为目标函数,建立了多阶段配电网无功规划数学模型.不仅考虑了多阶段配电网无功规划方案的初始投资、运行维护成本、报废成本,反映了无功补偿方案全寿命周期的降损节能收益能力,还考虑了配电网在不同阶段的无功负荷需求,使无功补偿设备可以分阶段进行安装建设,优化了工程投资.提出了一种混沌多粒子群算法并对上述模型进行求解,该算法克服了基本粒子群算法早熟问题.最后,通过配电网无功规划实例验证了上述模型和方法的正确性及有效性.     

计及无功资源价值的无功实时定价

提出将无功资源价值引入到基于边际成本和潮流追踪的无功定价算法中,利用平均值法将无功资源价值的判断指标转化为无功价值因子,并将无功资源价值因子计入到无功支路转运费用中,通过仿真计算结果和不考虑无功资源价值的情况进行比较,总的负荷分摊的无功生产成本并没有改变,而远离无功源的负荷分担的无功生产成本有所增加,可以就地补偿无功的负荷分担的无功生产成本有所减少,从而促进了无功在电力市场环境下达到就地补偿。     

互联电力系统最优无功控制的分层协调法

将工业大系统稳态控制的关取预测法和实时无功优化的增量型线性规划法相结合,提出了一种新的互联电力系统最优无功控制的分层协调法,并编制了计算机程序。本方法保持了增量型线性规划法的优点,并有效地解决了大型互联电力系统所谓的“维数灾难”问题。本方法也适用于大型互联电力系统的无功校正安全分析。     

高压配电网无功补偿配置原则的优化

按负荷和电网无功电压特性对高压配电网进行分类,针对不同类型采取差异化的无功补偿配置方案.以含小水电高压配电网为对象,提出综合考虑容/感性无功补偿配置的无功优化规划模型,以满足含小水电高压配电网不同的无功电压调控需求;运用"无功配置率"指标指导不同类型变电站无功补偿配置量的选择,并对该类配电网的容/感性无功配置原则进行了优化和细化.实例分析表明,按此原则来指导含小水电高压配电网的无功配置,可提高该类配电网电压调控和无功平衡能力,有助于降低网损,避免容性无功补偿过量配置导致的投资浪费.利用该方法,得出4种不同类型的高压配电网的无功配置率推荐范围,可作为高压配电网无功补偿配置的细化原则.     

计及电压稳定的电力系统无功规划优化

提出了一种考虑电压稳定的多目标无功规划优化的模型，并用模糊方法和遗传算法对其进行了求解。在无功优化的多目标中，包括了电压稳定性的静态指标一系统的静态稳定裕度λmin，约束条件中考虑了发电机的无功备用约束。无功优化前，首先用特征结构分析法确定当前运行方式下的系统薄弱节点作为候选补偿点，然后用无功优化模型决定候选补偿点应加装的无功补偿容量。     

云南电网无功优化配置方案

在合理电网规划和电源规划的同时,进行无功规划是维持电网电压稳定和保证电能质量的不可缺少工作。根据"十二.五"云南电网规划,使用BPA软件对云南电网"十二.五"进行分层分区无功平衡分析。利用灵敏度分析找出无功补偿敏感点,从动态仿真角度研究了无功补偿类型。从优化角度论证了无功配置能够满足电网无功优化运行。提出的无功优化配置,对云南电网"十二.五"无功规划具有良好的指导意义。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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