富勒烯团簇BxN36-x的电子结构研究

采用从头算量子化学方法在MP2／3—2lG水平对BxN36-x富勒烯团簇进行理论研究。从理论上预测了具有与碳原子簇C36相似结构的一系列BxN36-x富勒烯团簇的存在，并对其几何构型进行优化，研究电子结构，探讨其稳定性。结果表明B16N21比C36具有更好的反应活性。     

奇数类富勒烯团簇结构的遗传算法和密度泛函理论研究

用遗传算法(GA)和密度泛函理论(DFT)相结合的方法，对实验中所观察到的奇数高碳团簇(C51～C59)及相关的含Rh富勒烯团簇的结构进行了计算，首先利用遗传算法对奇数高碳团簇C51～C59的结构进行搜索，找出其最低能量结构，然后在此基础上利用B3LYP／3—21G方法对相应的奇数高碳团簇结构进行再优化，利用遗传算法得到了比已报道的能量更低的奇数高碳团簇C51～C59的基态结构，计算所得的奇数高碳团簇具有准笼状类富勒烯结构，其最低能量异构体都含有一个两配位的碳原子，在金属富勒烯C14Rh的结构中，Rh原子取代C55上两配位的碳原子而形成取代型类富勒烯结构。对奇数高碳团簇及含Rh富勒烯团簇的结合能和结构参数进行了计算，还讨论了奇数高碳团簇异构体的结构随能量的变化。     

团簇结构的计算机辅助研究方法

介绍了利用计算机技术和快速成型技术研究原子团簇结构的方法,用计算机三维软件设计了富勒烯结构的立体模型,通过快速成型机方便地制造出团簇的实体模型.该方法延伸了人们的空间思维能力,用计算机三维造型软件能实现各种复杂实体的建构,可以方便地对团簇结构进行描述.     

内嵌金属富勒烯Sc_(3-x)Y_xN@C_(80)-I_h计算研究

基于密度泛函理论,研究了C80-Ih碳笼的混合三金属氮化物内嵌富勒烯Sc3-xYxN@C80(x=0-3)最稳定的结构规律。计算发现,它们均具有大的结合能和宽的HOMO-LUMO能隙;它们的绝热电子亲和势、电离势具有较大的绝热电子亲合能,且容易被还原;通过前线轨道,基本可以定性判定它们的化合价一致,内嵌团簇均向笼转移了6个电子。红外和拉曼光谱分析发现,Sc3-x YxN@C80(x=0-3)差别体现在内嵌团簇的振动部分,笼的振动基本一致,这主要是因为内嵌团簇向笼转移了相同数目的电子,所以笼的电子结构一致,振动峰就相同;而内嵌团簇由于半径不同,所受应力不同,所对应的振动峰会有位置偏移。随着内嵌金属原子的渐变,揭示了Sc3-xYxN@C80(x=0-3)整体构型及性质变化规律,为进一步实验研究提供理论依据。     

硼富勒烯及其相关结构研究进展

本文对硼富勒烯等硼纳米结构及其相关材料的研究进展进行了简要评述. 首先对硼和碳元素及其成键性质的区别与联系进行了讨论, 并简要介绍了碳富勒烯、纳米管和石墨烯的发现及其结构与性质. 接下来系统回顾了过去几十年来人们对硼团簇、硼纳米管和硼纳米线等纳米结构在理论和实验研究方面取得的进展.特别是最近几年来, 针对硼富勒烯、硼纳米管、硼单层平面、硼富勒烯固体等结构的研究取得了一些重要进展, 本文在结合我们自己研究工作的基础上, 对上述研究进展做了系统地介绍. 最后对硼富勒烯及其相关材料的研究前景进行了展望.     

基于遗传算法的全局优化及在团簇结构搜索中的应用

遗传算法是研究复杂体系特性时经常采用的一种高效的全局优化方法.以开发出的程序为基础,介绍了遗传算法的基本特征、操作步骤、技术细节及在团簇结构优化中的运用.通过在富勒烯和铋团簇两类代表性团簇结构优化问题中的具体应用,所得结果与已有的理论和实验数据符合较好,印证了所提出的操作方案的有效性、高效性和通用性.     

Lun(n=2～36)团簇基态结构的遗传算法研究

利用遗传算法结合经验势研究了Lun(n=2～36)团簇的基态结构.分析了Lun(n=2～36)团簇的基态结构随尺寸的变化规律.计算结果表明,团簇的每个原子的平均结合能和总结合能随团簇尺寸的增大而增大.以总结合能的二阶差分为判据,Lun(n=2～36)团簇的幻数是4,7,13,19,23,26,29,32,34.     

小Al-Ni合金团簇的结构

本文连用了基于紧束鳟模型的Gupta多体势,采用遗传算法研究了团簇的原子数目为13和19以及21的Al-Ni混合团簇的基态构形.将Al团簇中的一个或多个Al原子替其成Ni原子,Aln团簇的基态构形转化为象Ni团簇一样规则的,具有高对称性的结构.当替换的Ni原子数目增加时,混合团簇会形成一些复杂结构.     

全金属团簇XCu_3~(2-)(X=Au,Ag,Cu)芳香性的理论研究

运用密度泛函理论(B3LYP)、从头算方法(HF,MP2)对3种新的二阶负离子全金属团簇XCu32-(X=Au,Ag,Cu)的稳定结构、振动频率与电子总能量(考虑了零点能ZPE)作了理论计算.在此基础上,对最稳定结的平面C2v结构的两种磁性质:各向异性磁化率(χanis)和核独产位移(NICS)进行了研究.计算结果表明,XCu32-团簇具有很强的芳香性.对它们的分子轨道分析表明,平面C2v结构的XCu32-团簇具有多重芳香性,σ、π和δ分子轨道对XCu32-团簇的芳香性都起着重要的作用.     

氮、碳原子在X@Al_(12)(X=Al~-,C,Si,P~+)团簇吸附性质的研究

使用基于第一性原理的密度泛函理论(DFT)对X@Al12(X=Al",C,Si,P+)等幻数团簇吸附氮原子和碳原子性质进行研究.分析氮原子和碳原子在X@Al12表面的吸附位置,还分析了Al-N和Al-C键长,最高占据分子轨道与最低未占据分子轨道的能隙,吸附的结合能和电荷转移等性质.结果表明氮原子和碳原子都倾向于空位吸附.尽管X@Al12(X=Al-,C,Si,P+)性质都很稳定,但很大的结合能表明氮原子和碳原子都能稳定地束缚在这些团簇表面.但是由于中性的Al13团簇不具有满壳层的电子结构,它对N和C的吸附性质明显不同于具有满壳层电子结构的X@Al12(X=Al-,C,Si,P+)团簇,表明掺杂可以有效地调节团簇的性质,从而获得所期望的性质.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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