味精生产废水中提取菌体蛋白初探

味精生产废水中存在的菌体蛋白是市场畅销的饲料蛋白之一。本文阐述了在ＰＨ＝１．２－２，温度为５０℃，用高分子絮凝剂，从味精生产过程中所产生的高浓度有机废水里提取菌体蛋白的絮凝机理。     

味精废水中粘红酵母和螺旋藻混合培养生产油脂

研究了在味精废水中混合培养粘红酵母和钝顶螺旋藻，并生产油脂。将COD（化学需氧量）为32000mg/L的味精废水稀释5倍，pH值调节到5.5，接种10%粘红酵母，培养3d后接种10%螺旋藻。培养5d后，COD降解率为70.3%，油脂产量为216mg/L，分别是粘红酵母单独培养的1.75倍和5.42倍，螺旋藻单独培养的2.36倍和7.64倍。混合培养也利于废水中NH₄⁺-N、还原糖以及谷氨酸的去除。     

大鼠禁水应激下丘脑室旁核c-fos与肾水通道蛋白2表达的变化

时大鼠禁水1 d、2 d和3 d后取血,测定其血清中多种无机离子和尿素氮浓度的变化.应用免疫组织化学方法观察禁水过程中c-fos在下丘脑室旁(PVN)中的表达及水通道蛋白2(AQP2)在肾脏中的表达.结果表明,禁水处理1 d,2 d和3 d后各组大鼠血清中Na+,Cl-,Mg2+,P3+均呈不同程度升高,血清中Ca2+...     

口服三种形式眼镜蛇毒的急性毒性及对肝癌移植瘤的抑瘤作用

目的 :了解口服 3种形式眼镜蛇毒的急性毒性及对肝癌的在体抑瘤作用。方法 :按Bliss法设计急性毒性实验 ,蛇毒兔血清、原毒和经酸热处理后蛇毒分别一次性给小鼠灌胃 ,观察其急性毒性。移植小鼠腹水型肝癌于小鼠右腋皮下 ,应用以上 3种形式蛇毒连续灌胃 9d ,每天给药量以最大耐受量 (LD1)的 1/3,计算其抑瘤率。结果 :小鼠口服上述 3种形式蛇毒的LD50 及 95 %可信限分别为 5 4 10mg·kg- 1(46 5 0～ 6 2 90mg·kg- 1)、5 2 94mg·kg- 1(42 0 7～ 6 6 6 3mg·kg- 1)和 97 4 5mg·kg- 1(83 6 2～ 113 5 6mg·kg- 1)。 3种形式蛇毒 2次抑瘤实验的抑瘤率 :蛇毒兔血清冻干粉为35 5 %、32 9% ,原毒为 2 2 9%、2 0 3% ,经酸热处理后蛇毒为 2 5 3%、2 1 3%。结论 :眼镜蛇毒原毒的抗肿瘤作用在蛋白变性或消化吸收后仍然得以保留 ,蛇毒兔血清冻干粉的毒性较其他两种低但抑瘤作用强     

Anti-nociceptive role of neuropeptide Y in the nucleus accumbens in rats with inflammation, an effect modulated by mu- and kappa-opioid receptors

Recent study in our laboratory showed that neuropeptide Y (NPY) plays an antinociceptive role in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) in intact rats. The present study was performed to further investigate the effect of NPY in nociceptive modulation in the NAc of rats with inflammation, and the possible interaction between NPY and the opioid systems. Experimental inflammation was induced by subcutaneous injection of carrageenan into the left hindpaw of rats. Intra-NAc administration of NPY induced a dose-dependent increase of hindpaw withdrawal latencies (HWLs) to thermal and mechanical stimulations in rats with inflammation. The anti-nociceptive effect of NPY was significantly blocked by subsequent intra-NAc injection of the Y1 receptor antagonist NPY28-36, suggesting an involvement of Y1 receptor in the NPY-induced anti-nociception. Furthermore, intra-NAc administration of the opioid antagonist naloxone significantly antagonized the increased HWLs induced by preceding intra-NAc injection of NPY, suggesting an involvement of the endogenous opioid system in the NPY-induced anti-nociception in the NAc during inflammation. Moreover, the NPY-induced anti-nociception was attenuated by following intra-NAc injection of the μ-opioid antagonist β-funaltrexamine (β-FNA), and κ-opioid antagonist nor-binaltorphimine (nor-BNI), but not by δ-opioid antagonist naltrindole, indicating that μ- and κ-opioid receptors, not δ-opioid receptor, are involved in the NPY-induced anti-nociception in the NAc in rats with inflammation.     

不同穴位处方麦粒灸对失眠大鼠下丘脑单胺类神经递质的影响

目的:观察不同穴位处方麦粒灸对失眠大鼠下丘脑5-羟色胺(5-HT)、5-羟吲哚乙酸(5-HIAA)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、多巴胺(DA)质量分数的变化,探讨麦粒灸治疗失眠症的作用机理.方法:将SD大鼠36只随机分为6组即对照组、模型组、安定组、麦粒灸1组(取百会、神道、心俞穴),麦粒灸2组(取三阴交、神门穴),麦粒灸3组(取申脉、照海穴),模型组以腹腔注射对氯苯丙氨酸(PCPA)建立大鼠失眠模型,安定组给予腹腔注射安定,麦粒灸各组分别按穴位给予麦粒灸治疗,每组连续治疗6 d后检测大鼠下丘脑5-HT、5-HIAA、NE、DA的变化.结果:模型组5-HT和5-HIAA质量分数明显低于对照组(P＜0.01);麦粒灸各组5-HT、5-HIAA明显升高,NE、DA明显降低,与模型组和安定组比较差异有显著性(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);麦粒灸各组之间比较,麦粒灸2组优于麦粒灸1组(P＜0.05),麦粒灸3组与麦粒灸1组、麦粒灸2组比较均无显著性差异(P＞0.05).结论:麦粒灸可能是通过提高失眠大鼠下丘脑5-HT、5-HIAA质量分数,降低NE、DA质量分数而改善睡眠;麦粒灸2组作用优于麦粒灸1组,说明取三阴交、神门穴治疗失眠症疗效更好.     

Preventive effects of Xin-Kang oral liquid on viral myocarditis in mice

To investigate the preventive effects of Xin-Kang oral liquid on myocarditis induced by Coxsakie virus B ( CVB) > the medicine was given to mice two days prior to the challenge of mice with the CVB to induce myocarditis. The oral liquid was continuously given to mice for 20 days and quantitative histological changes at various stages of the myocarditis were observed. The pathological changes on the cardiac surface were significantly reduced in Xin-Kang treated mice compared to those in control group (P<0. 01). and the occurrence of severe myocardium damage ( massive cardiac tissue death and degradation) was less in the Xin-Kang group than the groups either challenged with CVB or treated with interferon. The group treated with 0. 015g per gram body weight per day showed significant improvement over the viral group (P<0.01). The results proved that Xin-Kang could protect the cardiac muscle from viral infection and accelerate recovery of damaged cardiac tissue.     

电针足三里穴对胃运动的影响及其与中缝大核的关系

实验采用中缝大核(NRM)内微量注射、胃内压记录、针刺调节胃运动变化等方法,研究NRM相关神经递质、受体及细胞因子与电针影响大鼠胃运动之间的关系.结果显示,电针显著抑制胃收缩幅度,对胃收缩频率无影响.NRM内分别注入5-HT和IL-6均能加强针刺对胃收缩幅度的抑制效应.NRM内注入纳洛酮可反转针刺效应.NRM内注射L-NAME能加强针刺抑制胃收缩幅度的效应,而NRM内注射L-Arg则可减弱或反转针刺效应.结果表明,电针足三里穴可明显抑制胃收缩幅度,针刺效应可能是通过NRM中阿片肽实现的,并通过NO调节针刺效应.NRM中的5-HT及IL-6可影响针刺对胃收缩幅度的调节作用,神经、内分泌、免疫调节系统共同参与了针刺作用.     

魔芋低聚糖降低糖尿病小鼠血糖和胆固醇效应的研究

主要研究魔芋低聚糖对实验性糖尿病小鼠血糖浓度的影响 .先用 5 %四氧嘧啶水溶液腹腔注射(ip)诱发小鼠糖尿病 ,再用不同剂量的魔芋低聚糖水溶液灌胃 (ig) ,先后测定小鼠血糖值及某些血液成分的含量 .实验 2周后结果显示 ,灌服了低、高剂量魔芋低聚糖液的糖尿病小鼠血糖值分别为 1 0 .4 1± 2 .2 3mmol L、9.81± 1 .67mmol L,与未用药的糖尿病组 (1 7.1 7± 3 .89mmol L)比较明显降低 (P <0 .0 1 ) ,同时血液中某些成分的含量改善 .提示魔芋低聚糖有明显的降血糖及改善血液成分的作用 ,为利用其开发降糖保健食品及药品提供了实验依据     

杏仁核注射5-HT对慢性应激抑郁大鼠胃运动的影响

运用慢性不可预见性温和应激建立抑郁模型,通过体重变化率、糖水偏好、敞箱等实验方法观察大鼠行为表现及胃运动,探讨慢性应激性抑郁大鼠胃活动的变化及杏仁核注射5-HT对慢性不可预见性应激引起的胃活动变化的影响.结果显示,慢性不可预见性应激引起大鼠体重呈负增长,糖水偏好率、敞箱实验评分显著降低;应激大鼠平均胃内压及胃收缩幅度也显著降低;杏仁核注射5-HT能明显改变应激性抑郁导致的胃活动减弱,5-HT1A受体阻断剂能明显影响5-HT的作用;切断双侧膈下迷走神经,杏仁核注射5-HT增强胃运动的效应被消除.以上结果说明,慢性不可预见性应激性抑郁可导致胃运动减弱,杏仁核注射5-HT可加强抑郁状态下胃运动,而5-HT的这种效应部分是由1A型受体介导,经迷走神经传出.