基于形状记忆合金(SMA)阻尼器的结构被动控制

介绍了建筑结构振动控制中被动控制的设计思想和形状记忆合金（Shape Memory Alloy,简称SMA）的超弹性特性及应用情况,将一种新型形状记忆合金（SMA）阻尼器应用到框架结构中。针对所提出的形状记忆合金（SMA）阻尼器,分析其超弹性本构模型,建立了热力学方程,利用ANSYS软件进行框架结构的被动控制模拟分析。将所得的普通框架结构与形状记忆合金（SMA）阻尼器框架结构的顶层位移进行比较,发现形状记忆合金（SMA）阻尼器可以很好地改变框架结构的抗震性能,大大减小了结构的地震反应,为框架结构振动控制设计提供了一种新的方法。     

新型SMA-粘滞阻尼器的试验研究

 研究了常温下NiTi形状记忆合金（SMA）丝的超弹性性能以及在不同加载频率下的滞回性能,获得了其力学参数;基于NiTi SMA丝和成品粘滞阻尼器设计研制了一种新型SMA-粘滞阻尼器,并通过试验研究了SMA-粘滞阻尼器加载频率与耗能能力、等效阻尼比、等效刚度间的关系。研究结果表明,所研制的SMA-粘滞阻尼器具有优良的耗能能力,适合于长周期结构的振动控制。     

土木工程结构抗震的SMA被动阻尼设计方法及其应用

介绍形状记忆合金（SMA）材料在土木工程结构被动阻尼减震中的研究与应用现状,包括SMA材料的力学行为,SMA阻尼器、阻尼结构的设计和计算及其性能分析方法,工程应用评价,并就进一步加快SMA在结构抗震设计的实用化提出一些看法。     

SMA阻尼器-斜拉索系统减振控制试验

为了抑制斜拉桥拉索在风、雨等外界环境激励下的振动反应,设计了一种形状记忆合金（SMA）阻尼器并安装在斜拉索上。给出了该阻尼器的结构和分析模型,以及SMA阻尼器-斜拉索系统的振动方程。以润扬大桥斜拉桥的1：60缩尺模型为试验平台．进行了SMA阻尼器-斜拉索-桥面系统的减振试验,研究了SMA阻尼器对模型索在自由振动和桥面振动激励下减振效果的影响。试验结果表明：在斜拉索的面内安装SMA阻尼器,使斜拉索面内自由振动的衰减时间减少了50％,降低桥面振动所诱发的斜拉索面内耦合振动的峰值达39％以上,具有明显抑制斜拉索振动反应的作用。     

基于SMA阻尼器的大跨桥梁地震位移控制分析

通过超弹性形状记忆合金(shape memory alloy,简称SMA)拉伸试验研究,建立了SMA四折线本构模型.利用SMA超弹滞回耗能特性,提出一种拉压型SMA阻尼器,并给出其最大输出控制力的计算公式.针对某七跨连续刚构桥,分析了桥梁伸缩缝在无限位器、安装钢棒限位器和安装超弹性SMA阻尼器3种情况下的地震位移.结果表明:安装SMA阻尼器后,伸缩缝处相对位移降低80.3%,中跨跨中水平位移和竖向位移分别降低78.8%和65.9%.因此,SMA阻尼器可以有效控制桥梁结构地震位移,对桥段相对位移的控制效果优于钢棒限位器.     

基于SMA阻尼器的长拉索系统振动控制研究

 基于形状记忆合金（SMA）的超弹性性能开展了以下研究：①设计研制了一种拉压型SMA 阻尼器,并通过试验得到了SMA 阻尼器的特征参数,进一步研究了SMA 阻尼器初应变、加载位移行程与阻尼器等效刚度、等效阻尼比以及耗能能力间的关系;②根据Hamilton原理,推导了SMA阻尼器 长拉索系统的非线性振动微分方程,并通过试验验证了理论推导的正确性;③研究了自由振动下SMA阻尼器对长拉索位移以及加速度响应的影响。研究结果表明,SMA 阻尼器对长拉索具有明显的减振效果,可以有效减少拉索的振动位移以及加速度幅值,大幅度提高了长拉索振动衰减速度。     

基于新型SMA-粘滞阻尼器的斜拉桥振动控制研究

基于N iTi形状记忆合金(SMA)丝和成品粘滞阻尼器设计研制了一种新型SMA-粘滞阻尼器,并将其应用于一大跨度斜拉桥的振动控制;建立了SMA粘滞阻尼器—大跨度斜拉桥的动力有限元计算模型,计算结果表明:和普通粘滞阻尼器相比,文章所设计的SMA-粘滞阻尼器的耗能减振效果更为明显,能有效地降低大跨度斜拉桥桥塔和主梁在简谐振动和地震作用下的位移幅值.     

基于形状记忆合金超弹性阻尼器的结构振动控制和地震时程分析

首先讨论了一种NiTi形状记忆合金(SMA)丝超弹性耗能原理，然后分析了SMA丝耗能能力与预应变之间的关系．本文还设计了一种用于框架结构振动控制的SMA超弹性阻尼器，并将该种阻尼器安装在2层框架结构模型上，进行了框架结构振动控制实验，实验结果表明该种阻尼器的耗能效果明显，可以显著提高框架结构的振动衰减速率．同时，在地震波强迫振动条件下，对该框架结构进行了动力响应有限元法模拟，计算结果显示安装了SMA阻尼器后，框架的振动响应幅度大幅降低，振动衰减速度大幅提高．     

基于形状记忆合金阻尼器的结构风振控制分析

为了控制风作用下建筑物的振动,将一种新型形状记忆合金(shape memory alloy,简称SMA)阻尼器安装在20层的电视塔结构模型上,建立了在该阻尼器作用下的框架结构动力学平衡方程及其求解方法,并运用Matlab对其进行了田浦台风风谱作用下的框架结构风振控制实验的数值模拟,先后得到了风速风载时程曲线图、控制前后的振动位移曲线图和速度时程曲线图.结果表明,在该种阻尼器的作用下,框架结构的抗风位移响应效果明显,结构的风致振动衰减速率有显著提高.     

基于新型形状记忆合金阻尼器的减振研究

基于现有形状记忆合金阻尼器的优点提出了一种新型形状记忆合金阻尼器,描述了它的工作原理并给出了具体构造,适当确定框架结构安装此种阻尼器的数量,用时程分析的方法比较了安装和未安装此种阻尼器的减振效果,说明了形状记忆合金在结构振动控制方面的有效性与适用性．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that