平面三角剖分图的L(2,1)标号

图G的L（2，1）标号是从一个顶点集V（G）到非负整数集的函数f(x)，使得若d(x,y)＝１，则|f(x)-f(y)|≥２；若d(x,y)=2，则|f(x)-f(y)|≥1。图G的L（2，1）标号数λ（G）是使得G有max{f(v):v∈V（G）}=k的L（2，1）标号中的最小数k。本文证明了对最大度数为△的一般平面三角剖分图G，有λ（G）≤△^2-△；当G的直径大于2时，有λ（G）≤△^2-△。     

外平面图的L(d,1)-标号

研究外平面图G的L（d，1）-标号问题，证明了外平面图的L（d，1）-标号数满足：Ad≤△＋2（2d—1）。对于L（d，1）-标号问题有一著名猜想：对最大度为△的任意图有A（G）≤△^2，本论文证明了此猜想对外平面图是正确的。     

高度平面图的列表L（p，g）-标号

如果平面图G的最大度△（G）=｜V（G）｜-k,k=1,2,…,则称G为一个hk-图,k=1,2的hk-图称为高度平面图．研究了高度平面图G的列表L（p,q）-标号问题,给出了高度平面图G的列表L（p,q）-标号数λl（G;p,q）的上界,并对hi-图证明了λl（G;p,q）≤（2q-1）△＋6（p—q）;对h2-图有λl（G;p,q）≤（2q-1）△＋8p-6q-1．     

广义Petersen图的L(d,1)-标号

图G的顶点集到非负整数集的一个映射f满足：对任意的x,y∈V（G）,当dG（x,y）=1时,有｜f（x）-f（y）｜≥d;当dG（x,y）=2时,有｜f（x）-f（y）｜≥1。图的一个k—L（d,1）-标号是指图的一个标号L（d,1）使得min{f（v）｜v∈V（G）}=k,标号数简记为λd（G）。研究了广义的Petersen图的标号L（d,1）,给出一个特殊的标号方法,得到了广义的Petersen图的标号数λd（G）≤4d。     

图与其补图特征值之和的界

设G是n阶简单图,其补图记为G^c,λi（G）为G的第i大特征值。文中给出了图与其补图几个常见的特征值之和的界（i=1,2,…,n）：-√2（n-1）（i-1）/（n-i＋1）≤λi（G）＋λi（G^c）≤√2（n-i）（n-1）/i （Ⅰ） 及 （n-1）≤λi（G）＋λ1（G^c）≤-1＋√1＋2n（n-1） （Ⅱ） （Ⅱ）式中,下界可达当且仅当G为正则图。     

二部图的[r，s，t]-着色

给出了二部图G的[r，s，t]-色数的界及它达到下界时的条件，讨论了星作为特殊二部图的[r，s，t]-色数，得到的结果为若G是二部图，任意v1，v2∈V△，v1v2 （∈/）E（G），任意u∈V△， u1∈NG（u），使得dG（u1）=1，且s≥2t，r≤t，则χr,s,t（G）=（△-1）s＋1；若G是二部图，且r≥（△-1）s＋2t，则χr,s,t（G）（G）=r＋1；若G是二部图，且（△-1）s＋t〈r≤（△-1）s＋2t，则χr,s,t（G）≤（△-1）s＋2t＋1；若G是二部图，则r△＋1≤χr,r,r（G）≤r（△＋1）＋1。     

高度平面图的L(p,q)—标号

研究高度平面图G的L(p,q)-标号问题，证明了高度平面图h1-图的L(p,q)-标号数满足:λ(G;p,q)(2q-1)Δ+6(p-q)；h2-图的L(p,q)-标号数满足:λ(G;p,q)(2q-1)Δ+8p-6q-1. 对于L(2,1)标号问题Griggs和Yeh有一著名猜想：对最大度为Δ的任意图有λ(G)Δ2. 此猜想对高度平面图是正确的.     

双圈图的L（3,2,1）-标号

无向图G的L（3,2,1）-标号是指从顶点集V（G）到非负整数集Z＊的一个映射,满足：对i=1,2,3,只要d（x,y）=i,则｜f（x）-f（y）｜≥4-i。若一个L（3,2,1）-标号中的所有像元素都不超过整数k,则称之为图G的k-L（3,2,1）-标号。图G的L（3,2,1）-标号数,记作3λ（G）,是使得图G存在L（3,2,1）-标号的最小整数k。文中给出了双圈图和完全图的L（3,2,1）-标号数。     

关于图的全染色和列表全染色方面的一些结果

证明了如下结果：一个简单连通图G的全色数和列表全色数都为△＋1，如果它存在一个支撑子树T使得△（G）≥6和△（G\E（T））≤2，或者△（G）≥4和△（G\E（T））≤1。     

关于几类图的L(3,2,1)-标号问题

图G的L(2，1)-标号是一个从顶点集V(G)到非负整数集的函数f(x)，使得若d(x，y)=1，则|f(x)-f(y)|≥2；若d(x，y)=2，则|f(x)-f(y)|≥1．图G的三(2，1)-标号数λ(G)是使得G有max{f(v)：v∈V(G)}=k的L(2，1)-标号中的最小数k．该文将L(2，1)-标号问题推广到更一般的情形即L(3，2，1)-标号问题，并得出了Kneser图、高度不正则图、Halin图的λ3(G)的上界．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that