Corticotropin-releasing factor is a potent inhibitor of sexual receptivity in the female rat

Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), the recently characterized and synthesized 41-amino acid polypeptide isolated from ovine hypothalami, has been shown to be a potent stimulator of adenohypophyseal beta-endorphin and corticotropin (ACTH) secretion both in vitro and in vivo. In common with other regulatory peptides, CRF has also been demonstrated to possess extra-hypophysiotropic roles. Indeed, intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) administered CRF elicits several endocrine and behavioural responses compatible with the concept that this peptide could be a key signal in coordinating the organism's endocrine and behavioural responses to stressful and other adaptive stimuli. We now provide the first evidence for neurally placed CRF in the control of a specific hormone-dependent behavioural response and unequivocally demonstrate an extremely potent suppressive effect of CRF on sexual behaviour in the female rat when microinfused into the arcuate-ventromedial area of the hypothalamus (ARC-VMH) and the mesencephalic central grey (MCG).     

Reward value of attractiveness and gaze

Faces are visual objects in our environment that provide strong social cues, with the eyes assuming particular importance. Here we show that the perceived attractiveness of an unfamiliar face increases brain activity in the ventral striatum of the viewer when meeting the person's eye, and decreases activity when eye gaze is directed away. Depending on the direction of gaze, attractiveness can thus activate dopaminergic regions that are strongly linked to reward prediction, indicating that central reward systems may be engaged during the initiation of social interactions.     

甘蔗蓟马发生特点及色板诱杀的初步研究

通过田间调查与室内观察相结合的方法,测定不同色板对甘蔗蓟马的诱集效果,并对甘蔗蓟马进行种类、发生特点、田间种群数量变动情况的调查.结果表明:甘蔗蓟马发生期在4月下旬,5月份种群数量开始逐渐增长,6月下旬达到高峰期,7月份以后开始逐渐减少;采集获得标本1124头,经鉴定甘蔗蓟马有两种,分别是蔗蓟马和华简管蓟马,蔗蓟马是优势种,占所采集甘蔗蓟马总量的99.64%;而在色板诱集方面,蓝色粘虫板诱集甘蔗蓟马的效果显著高于其他几种颜色.     

笔迹对个体吸引力影响的实证研究

本文用评定法研究笔迹对个体吸引力的影响.结果表明:笔迹吸引力水平影响个体吸引力的评定;笔迹性别倾向与个体性别一致时个体吸引力更高;笔迹对个体吸引力有先入为主的影响;在外表知觉完成后,笔迹同样能影响对个体吸引力的评定.     

笔迹对个体吸引力影响的实证研究

本文用评定法研究笔迹对个体吸引力的影响。结果表明:笔迹吸引力水平影响个体吸引力的评定;笔迹性别倾向与个体性别一致时个体吸引力更高;笔迹对个体吸引力有先入为主的影响;在外表知觉完成后,笔迹同样能影响对个体吸引力的评定。     

Negative genetic correlation between male sexual attractiveness and survival

Indirect selection of female mating preferences may result from a genetic association between male attractiveness and offspring fitness. The offspring of attractive males may have enhanced growth, fecundity, viability or attractiveness. However, the extent to which attractive males bear genes that reduce other fitness components has remained unexplored. Here I show that sexual attractiveness in male guppies (Poecilia reticulata) is heritable and genetically correlated with ornamentation. Like ornamentation, attractiveness may be substantially Y-linked. The benefit of mating with attractive males, and thus having attractive sons, is opposed by strong negative genetic correlation between attractiveness and both offspring survival and the number of sons maturing. Such correlations suggest either antagonistic pleiotropy between attractiveness and survival or linkage disequilibrium between attractive and deleterious alleles. The presence of many colour pattern genes on or near the non-recombining section of the Y chromosome may facilitate the accumulation of deleterious mutations by genetic hitchhiking. These findings show that genes enhancing sexual attractiveness may be associated with pleiotropic costs or heavy mutational loads.     

Egg investment is influenced by male attractiveness in the mallard

Why females prefer to copulate with particular males is a contentious issue. Attention is currently focused on whether females choose males on the basis of their genetic quality, in order to produce more viable offspring. Support for this hypothesis in birds has come from studies showing that preferred males tend to father offspring of better condition or with increased survivorship. Before attributing greater offspring viability to a male's heritable genetic quality, however, it is important to discount effects arising from confounding sources, including maternal effects. This has generally been addressed by comparing offspring viability from two different breeding attempts by the same female: one when offspring are sired by a preferred male, and one when offspring are sired by a less preferred male. However, here we show that individual female mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) lay larger eggs after copulating with preferred males and smaller eggs after copulating with less preferred males. As a result, females produced offspring of better body condition when paired with preferred males. After controlling for these differences in maternal investment, we found no effect of paternity on offspring condition. This shows that differences between half-sibs cannot always be attributed to paternal or maternal genetic effects.     

节点吸引度相关联的无标度竞争网络

针对WWW网络每时每刻每个网页对人们的吸引程度不同及吸引度相互关联特征,提出了吸引度依赖于时间的Poisson NPA(增长择优网络)竞争网络模型.它不仅是初始吸引度为常数的Dorgovtsev等人的无向网络模型的推广,而且刻画出了增长网络的竞争机制.通过对这个模型进行分析,获得了度分布的解析表达式,并给出了渐近线性吸引系数A与新节点边数m的关系.理论分析与数值模拟表明,这类网络的幂律指数在区间(2,m 1)内,幂律指数为3的条件是渐近线性吸引系数A为0,且|A|/m越小,度分布的理论值与模拟结果的误差越小.     

三种拟信息素对梨小食心虫及桃蛀螟成虫的田间引诱活性研究

为探索拟信息素在梨小食心虫及桃蛀螟两种蛀果害虫性诱剂防治中的应用,初步考察了E8-12:OH、E8-12:Ac及E8-12:Ald三种合成化合物对梨小食心虫和桃蛀螟成虫的田间引诱活性。结果表明,合成化合物单剂诱芯对两种目标成虫均无明显引诱活性,诱芯质量比为m(E8-12:OH)∶m(E8-12:Ac)=1∶4及m(E8-12:Ac)∶m(E8-12:Ald)=1∶1,且每诱芯混剂含量为0.5 mg的二元混剂诱芯对梨小食心虫有一定的引诱活性。     

“挥刀”的女人——浅析90后女性小说中的以极端方式反抗男权的女性形象

1983年台湾女作家李昂发表中篇小说《杀夫》,以女性视角重新审视女性的杀夫行为,对“杀夫”现象做出了一个全新的解释——被迫杀夫。20世纪90年代以后,女性小说中不断出现与《杀夫》女主人公林市类似的以极端方式反抗男权的女性形象,构成不可忽视的“‘挥刀’的女人”的群像,对这些女性形象可从三个方面进行分析。     

中师女生800m跑的教学探讨

在上虞师范学校97届中师大专女生800m跑教学的特定范围内,通过书面调查,成绩统计分析,在多年体育教学实践的基础上,提出了“三强调”的启发性教学,积累了“十种耐力距教学方法”,对教者发令,学者强应的教法可能有所帮助,从而改变了耐力跑枯燥乏味,学生不感兴的状况,全面促进了学生身体素质的提高。     

论强奸罪之女性直接实行犯——以女性间强制性交为视角

同性恋的发展趋势使得同性间性侵害的可能性大大增加，刑法对女性构成强奸罪直接实行犯问题长期噤声，导致遭受同性性侵害的妇女的权益得不到应有的保护。将女性纳入强奸罪直接实行犯的主体范围，对于适应社会现实的要求及对妇女性自主权利的完全保护意义重大。     

Synthesis and assessment of attractiveness and mating disruption efficacy of sex pheromone microcapsules for the diamondback moth,Plutella xylostella （L.）

Microcapsules of sex pheromone of the diamondback moth （DBM）, Plutella xylostella （Lepidoptera： Plutellidae） were synthesized through complex coacervation using gelatin and gum arabic as wall-forming materials. The encapsulated pheromone released from these microcapsules into the air was monitored over six weeks in the field. Results of a field trial show that the attractiveness of microcapsules was superior to that of rubber septa loaded with the same amount of pheromone. The mating disruption efficiency of the pheromone treatment was estimated through comparing numbers of moths captured in pheromone-baited traps placed in pheromone treatment fields and pesticide treatment fields. The estimated mating disruption efficiency of the pheromone treatments ranged from 76.94% to 98.67% during the season. This study shows that pheromone microcapsules might provide a new method for P. xylostella control.