钢-半固态铜-石墨压力复合的优化

为了开发钢铜石墨高温自润滑复合板材的复合技术,对钢板与QT i3.5-3.5石墨半固态浆料的压力复合进行了研究。采用人工神经网络建立了钢板预热温度、模具预热温度、QT i3.5-3.5石墨半固态浆料固相率等复合参数与钢-QT i3.5-3.5石墨复合板界面剪切强度之间的关系,并且利用遗传算法进行了优化,得到了合理的复合工艺。结果表明:在钢板预热温度为618℃、模具预热温度为526℃、QT i3.5-3.5石墨半固态浆料固相率为46.2%的条件下进行压力复合,复合板最大界面剪切强度为128.3M Pa。     

铁铝原子在金属间化合物形成中的扩散

采用铁铝扩散偶,研究铁铝原子在化合反应中的扩散和金属间化合物的形成机理,扩散偶在铁铝低共熔反应温度上下进行热处理,结果表明,扩散偶在低于共熔反应温度处理时,在扩散偶铁－铝界面铁的一侧,通过铝原子的扩散,形成了富铝相金属间化合物ＦｅＡｌ２;而在高于共熔反应温度处理时,则在铁－铝界面上,通过铁、铝原子的互扩散形成了金属间化合物Ｆｅ３Ａｌ５,并随时间向两旁生长,两种化合物均为多孔体。研究发现铁、铝原子的     

钢-铝石墨半固态铸轧复合的数值模拟

铸轧区的温度分布直接影响着铸轧过程的稳定性和复合板材的质量.针对实验室复合板半固态铸轧试验的特点建立了数学模型,采用有限元法对钢-铝石墨半固态铸轧复合过程的热流耦合问题进行了数值模拟计算,分析了不同浇注温度和铸轧速度下熔池内温度场变化的情况.模拟结果表明,当浇注温度为620℃,铸轧速度在0.6～0.8 m/min的范围内可保证铸轧稳定进行,此结论与试验数据相吻合.该模型可以有效预测凝固前沿位置,为半固态铸轧复合工艺的进一步研究和钢-铝石墨复合板的数字化生产提供了依据.     

加热对AZ31B/7075爆炸复合板界面的影响

对镁铝爆炸复合材料AZ31B/7075进行了300~400℃的加热处理。用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱仪及力学性能试验机对复合界面结合区进行了组织观察、成分线扫描、剪切强度测试,分析了复合界面结合区加热时的变化。结果表明:随加热温度升高和保温时间延长,复合界面结合区组织形成再结晶且晶粒长大,爆炸组织特征完全消失,转变为具有一定厚度的由镁、铝互扩散形成的扩散层;扩散层组成按镁基固溶体-铝基固溶体、镁基固溶体-A l3Mg2-铝基固溶体、镁基固溶体-A l3Mg2-A l12Mg17-铝基固溶体的次序演化,其厚度增加主要是金属间化合物层的厚度增加所致;界面剪切强度因加热后扩散层中金属间化合物形成而降低,界面剪切断口也因扩散层中脆性金属间化合物的存在而表现为脆性断裂特征。     

硅对钢/铝轧制复合界面化合物抑制效应的研究

对钢铝复合材料高温时的界面化合物进行了系统研究并找到一定的方法抑制界面化合物的生成。要获得高品质的复合带材,就必须在高温时能抑制界面化合物的生成,提高钢铝结合强度和加工性能。通过对复合前的铝材料熔入不同含量的Si元素,经过与低碳钢的冷轧工艺复合,研究硅对于复合界面化合物的抑制作用。对不同Si含量的铝板复合后的样品进行分组比较,使用金相显微镜和扫描电镜进行了组织分析,发现钢/铝复合材料界面产生的化合物属于Fe-Al化合物,以Fe2Al5居多。通过热力学计算分析界面的自由能,发现Fe-Si化合物比Fe-Al化合物在退火过程中更容易生成,并且以大量实验结果表明微量元素Si的加入能显著抑制钢/铝界面Fe-Al化合物的生成,抑制效果随着硅含量的增加而越发明显。     

半固态Al-28Pb铸锭中Pb的分布

为有效解决铸造 Al- 2 8Pb润滑材料存在的 Pb分布不均问题 ,开发了半固态 Al- 2 8Pb加工技术 ,通过对不同固相率半固态浆料的常规铸锭中 Pb的分布进行研究 ,得到了半固态浆料固相率与铸锭中 Pb分布之间的关系。研究结果表明 ,随着浆料固相率的增大 ,铸锭中不同部位 Pb颗粒尺寸的差别逐渐减小 ,当固相率大于 4 5 %时 ,Pb颗粒尺寸的差别基本得以消除 ,尺寸相当的 Pb颗粒可均匀地分布在整个铸锭中。     

不锈钢/ZA43复合材料界面结构的研究

对常压浸渗法制备的不锈钢纤维增强的ZA43复合材料的界面结构进行了研究,结果表明,纤维与基体之间存在明显的界面层,此界面层由界面反应层和扩散偏聚层等多层构成,界面的形成过程主要是铁_铝金属间化合物的形成过程.同时,由于铝元素向纤维表面的偏聚和对纤维的腐蚀,导致了其它合金元素在界面处成分的不平衡分布.     

不锈钢／ZA43复合材料界面结构的研究

对常压浸渗法制备的不锈钢纤维增强的ZA43复合材料的界面结构进行了研究，结果表明，纤维与基体之间存在明显的界面层，此界面层由界面反应层和扩散偏聚层等多层构成，界面的形成过程主要是铁-铝金属间化合物的形成过程．同时，由于铝元素向纤维表面的偏聚和对纤维的腐蚀，导致了其它合金元素在界面处成分的不平衡分布．     

钢-铝固液相浸镀复合板的轧制处理

研究了轧制处理后－铝固液相浸镀复合板的界面剪切力学性能，确定了压下率与界面剪切强度之间的关系，结果表明，压下率为２．７３％时，可消除由１．２ｍｍ厚０８Ａｌ钢板和１．０ｍｍ厚工业纯铝构成的２．２ｍｍ厚钢－铝固液相浸镀复合板的界面附加应力，从而获得阳大界面剪切强度为８３．５ＭＰａ。     

铝钢异种金属钎焊膏的研制及其性能

为实现铝钢异种金属的焊接,研制一种新型锌基钎焊膏,并对该钎焊膏在6063铝板与Q235钢板上的铺展性能、钎焊接头力学性能以及显微组织进行研究.结果表明:随着Al元素质量分数的增加,钎焊膏在铝板与钢板上的铺展面积都不断增大,而且焊接接头中形成的金属间化合物层厚度也不断增大,但超过15%之后,由于金属间化合物层过厚,因此焊接接头力学性能降低.当Al元素质量分数为15%时,焊接接头力学性能最好,剪切强度可以达到96.8 MPa,接头断口处成分主要为Zn、Al、铝铁金属间化合物和锌铁化合物.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-