黄缘真龙虱体表结构与其水中减阻功能的关系

采用体视显微镜、扫描电镜技术观察并描述了黄缘真龙虱体壁表面各部位的形态结构特征,发现了3种典型的凹陷和普遍存在的凸起,了解了其三维结构,分析了凹陷与龙虱水生生活的关系.观察和比较了不同部位体表的刚毛形态构造,发现了3种典型的刚毛,即主要分布在足节上的刺状刚毛、雄性前足吸盘刚毛和仅分布于前胸背板和鞘翅刻点处的束状刚毛,分析了其适应水生生活的特点.同时,发现了龙虱体表存在的其他如波纹、鳞片等典型非光滑形态结构,测定了体壁水接触角,探讨了这些结构与水中运动减阻功能的关系.     

东方龙虱鞘翅微结构及力学性能研究

生物材料优化的几何拓扑和轻质高强的特点对航空航天结构和材料设计具有重要启示.用扫描电子显微镜、原子力显微镜和粗糙度仪观测东方龙虱鞘翅的表面形貌和截面微结构，结果表明其表面非常光滑，Ra0.725μm,与磨削加工表面相当；鞘翅上有规律的分布着微米级的凹陷；横截面可见交错的空腔和孔道结构，材料绕空腔或孔道成层状分布.用纳米压痕仪测试东方龙虱鞘翅的硬度和弹性模量分别为0.473GPa和8.16GPa，显著高于花金龟、巨锯秋甲、双叉犀金龟的值；鞘翅的机械性能有明显的分布特征，该结果为开展轻质结构的拓扑优化和复合材料设计提供了很好的启示.     

中国刺隐翅虫属一新种：（鞘翅目：隐翅虫科,异形隐翅？…

记述中国四川刺隐翅虫属一新种：离茎制隐翅虫Ａｐｌｏｄｅｒｕｓ ｄｉｓｐａｒａｔｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖｅ．本种在外形上与中国种四川刺隐翅虫Ａ．ｓｚｅｃｈｕａｎｅｎｓｉｓ Ｂｅｒｎｈａｕｅｒ相似,但头和前胸具微纹,刻点中等粗密,与之不机。本种也与欧洲种Ａ．ｃａｅｌａｔｕｓ Ｇｒａｖｅｎｈｏｒｓｔ相似,但鞘翅后外角烟褐色,前胸宽不及长的２倍,鞘翅长超过前胸的１／４。     

中国刺隐翅虫属一新种(鞘翅目:隐翅虫科,异形隐翅虫亚科)

记述中国四川刺隐翅虫属一新种：离茎刺隐翅虫 Ａｐｌｏｄｅｒｕｓ ｄｉｓｐａｒａｔｕｓｓｐ ．ｎｏｖｅ ． 本种在外形上与中国种四川刺隐翅虫 Ａｓｚｅｃｈｕａｎｅｎｓｉｓ Ｂｅｒｎｈａｕｅｒ 相似,但头和前胸具微纹,刻点中等粗密,与之不同．本种也与欧洲种 Ａ．ｃａｅｌａｔｕｓ Ｇｒａｖｅｎｈｏｒｓｔ 相似,但鞘翅后外角烟褐色,前胸宽不及长的２ 倍,鞘翅长超过前胸的１／４ ．     

4种昆虫鞘翅表面超微结构的比较

利用扫描电镜观察研究了4种昆虫鞘翅的超微结构；结果显示其特征各有差异：叶甲科的杨叶甲（Chrgsomela populi Linnaeus）和柳二十斑叶甲（Chuysomela vigintipuncitsta Scopoli）鞘翅体表不被毛，具凹陷，有一细毛自凹陷中伸出；瓢虫科的菱斑食植瓢虫（Epilachna insignis Gorham）和银莲花食植瓢虫（Epilachna convexa Dieke）鞘翅体表被毛，凹陷中不着生细毛。鞘翅表面的不同特征显示了鞘翅形态的多样性。     

猪源大肠埃希氏菌表面超微结构的研究

用透射电镜对磷钨酸负染后的大肠埃希氏菌表面结构进行了研究。结果显示 :①此株猪源致病性大肠埃希氏菌的菌体大小为 0 7± 0 0 8μm× 1 5 4± 0 33μm ,鞭毛的直径为31 0nm ,菌毛的直径约 2 0nm、长度约 0 1 8μm ;②菌体一端及周围有多个乳头状突起。乳头状突起与鞭毛的着生位置基本一致 ,数量也基本吻合 ,命名为鞭毛囊 ;③菌体表面凹凸不平 ,放大至 1 0万倍时 ,其形状为脑回状     

厚颌鲂精子的显微及超微结构观察

用光镜和透射电镜观察了厚颌鲂精子的显微和超微结构,结果显示:光镜下厚颌鲂精子全长(35.57±1.94)μm,头长(2.16±0.19)μm,尾长(32.42±2.33)μm;透射电镜下精子可分为头部、中片和尾部3个部分.头部近圆形,无顶体,主要结构为细胞核;细胞核内有核泡,核泡内可见电子致密物质;头部后端有1个深约细胞核长度1/3的植入窝.中片由袖套和中心粒复合体组成;袖套两侧接近对称,内含线粒体和囊泡;中心粒复合体由近端中心粒、中心粒间体和基体组成,三者呈"■"形排列.尾部鞭毛细长,具"9+2"微管结构,有囊泡和侧鳍.     

日本沼虾Macrobrachium nipponense（de Haan）卵子附着机制研究I．卵膜及卵子附着的扫描电镜观察

用扫描电镜技术观察了日本沼虾（Ｍａｃｒｏｂｒａｃｈｉｕｍｎｉｐｐｏｎｅｎｓｅ）成熟卵、人工授精卵及自然受精产出附着于腹肢上的卵。成熟卵只有初级卵膜，表面较光滑，上密布微孔，密度约１～２个／μｍ２；人工授精卵表面首先突起大小不同的颗粒，随后颗粒破裂并消失，同自然受精卵一样，卵表略光滑，呈波浪状起伏，微孔密度与未受精前大致相同；自然产出的受精卵，表面覆盖一层由雌体腹肢分泌的次级卵膜。次级卵膜具有保护、选择性渗透及隔离邻近受精卵的作用。腹肢不断摆动，受精卵在腹肢间滚动并形成卵与卵之间以及卵与刚毛之间两种“卵柄”，一种称为卵索（ｆｕｎｉｃｕｌｕｓ），不与刚毛相连。ｆｕｎｉｃｕｌｕｓ扁带状，与卵接触处较宽，约１４０～１５０μｍ，中间宽约３０～４０μｍ；另一种称为卵柄（ｅｇｇｓｔａｌｋ），由１～２根载卵刚毛（ｏｏｓｅ－ｔａｅ）插入次级卵膜形成，与卵接触处次级卵膜突起呈锥状，基部宽约１４０～１５０μｍ。非载卵刚毛起辅助抱卵作用。     

双芯复合正方形格点光子晶体光纤的负色散特性

介绍了一种双芯复合正方形格点负色散光子晶体光纤,其包层是在纯硅背景上分布着两种大小不同的按正方形格点排列的空气孔,芯区是由掺杂的高折射率材料构成.为了实现负色散,移去了包层中第三层空气孔.采用频域有限差分法对其负色散特性进行的分析表明,通过调整空气孔间距和两种空气孔的尺寸,可以得到不同程度的宽带负色散.当内芯半径取0.95μm,空气孔间距取2.05μm,大小空气孔直径分别取1.9μm、1.2μm时,可在1.55μm处实现宽带负色散,其半峰全宽超过了200nm.这种光纤可以用于波分复用光纤通信系统中的宽带色散补偿.     

基于乙醇填充新型光子晶体光纤的温度特性研究

文章设计了一种新型非对称圆孔光子晶体光纤,其截面是三角晶格排列的圆孔组成的两个六边形结构。在其中一个六边形圆孔中填充乙醇液体,利用乙醇液体的温敏特性,来控制两个纤芯间的耦合特性。结果表明:该型光纤的结构参数孔间距对耦合长度的作用大于孔直径的作用;在Λ1=2.00μm,Λ2=1.50μm,D=1.60μm,d=1.20μm时,耦合长度仅为13.92μm,同时温度灵敏度达到了2.25 nm/℃。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-