基于灰色-马尔科夫模型的电力系统CO2排放

运用灰色-马尔科夫方法对电力负荷进行中长期预测,并结合电厂发电煤耗值的预测对电力系统2011-2030年的碳排放进行了测算.计算结果表明:电力系统2015,2020,2025和2030年的碳排放分别是95.583 1×108,106.724 7×108,112.359 0×108,112.914 7×108 t,在此基础上进行了分析并对电力系统未来减少CO2排放的路径从国家政策层面、电力生产环节和电网规划及调度等方面提出了建议.     

长春低碳生态城市发展测评研究

基于PSR模型对1999-2008年长春低碳生态城市发展情况和影响效应进行了研究.结果表明:1999-2008年长春市人均碳排放量由平稳转向快速上升,2003和2007年,最高值分别达0.708 t/人和1.307 t/人;而碳排放足迹从1999年的0.076 hm2/人上升到2008年的0.202 hm2/人,两者密...     

广州市产业结构及其能源消费与碳排放的动态特征

根据广州市统计年鉴中的能源消费数据,分析了改革开放以来广州市产业结构的变化特征,以及2000~2010年间3次产业及其主要工业行业的能源消费结构,再对碳排放量与强度进行了估算与对比分析.结果表明,2010年广州市已经迈入过渡后工业化阶段;第二产业的能源消费量和强度、碳排放量和强度都高于其它2个产业,尤其是轻工业行业的造纸及纸制品业,重工业的电力、热力生产和供应业等;第三产业和第一产业的碳排放强度也有待改善.因此提出了广州市应迫切对第二产业的内部行业进行全面深入的革新和优化,特别是轻重工业中能耗强度和碳排放强度较大的行业,同时应加快第三产业和第一产业的结构优化和技术升级,并提出促进广州向低碳城市发展的建议.     

基于能源消费的重庆市土地利用碳排放效应分析

基于能源消费视角,通过构建土地利用碳排放核算模型,从土地利用碳排放核算、碳足迹和碳排放强度3个方面,对重庆市1997-2010年的土地利用碳排放效应进行时空变化分析.结果表明:(1)重庆市土地利用碳排放总量呈增加趋势,由1997年的3 796.12×104t增加到2010年的9 435.21×104t;独立工矿用地的地均碳排放强度最大;单位GDP碳排放强度呈现下降趋势,节能减排实施效果明显;碳足迹呈增加趋势,生产性土地面积不足以补偿土地碳足迹;(2)土地利用碳排放和碳足迹的多少顺序在空间上呈现出:"一圈","渝东北","渝东南"的空间分布状态.     

中国交通运输业的碳排放情景预测模型

交通运输业碳减排是中国碳减排中的核心重点之一。选取交通运输业消耗的12类能源,采用相应排放系数,测算1996~2010年中国交通运输业CO2排放,交通运输业CO2排放由1996年的195.41×106 t增加到2010年的505.73×106 t,基本与交通运输业的能源消耗量同步。采用情景预测分析法,设计基准情景、节能情景、低碳情景等3个情景,分别预测未来中国的碳排放量。分析结果显示,2011~2020年中国交通运输碳排放将呈快速上升趋势,而2025年左右将放缓。利用LYQ弹性脱钩分析进行交通运输业碳排放的脱钩分析。研究结果表明:产业减排在碳减排中的贡献度最大,而进入2006年之后,产业发展决定了交通运输业碳排放,2008年以后,产业节能的贡献程度最大,在抵消其他因素的影响之后使产业碳排放与GDP(国内生产总值)之间仍表现为弱脱钩,表明产业节能在中国交通运输业的碳减排中尤为重要。     

城市环境条件对家庭直接能耗碳排放的影响

以2005-2009年中国262个地级以上城市为样本,采用面板数据模型,分析城市自然、人文环境条件对我国城市家庭直接能耗碳排放的影响.结果表明:经济因素对我国城市家庭直接能耗碳排放的影响强度和广度最大,气候条件影响城市家庭取暖、降温用能碳排放量,建成区面积对城市家庭交通碳排放产生正向拉动作用,能耗结构在一定程度上对碳排放起到调节作用,低碳技术调节作用尚未显现.研究认为,通过调整能源供应结构、控制建成区面积、推广使用低碳技术产品降低城市家庭直接能耗碳排放量.     

湖北省中长期电力规划工作低碳效益计算分析

根据电力生产能源转化过程建立碳排放数学模型,依据湖北省2010—2030年电力生产规划,结合已有数据对湖北省未来20年电力需求、火电机组发电量、碳排放总量及碳排放强度进行了分析计算,研究规划期内湖北省能源结构变化对碳排放轨迹的影响,并对湖北省电力生产低碳化进程提出建设性意见。     

基于DEA模型的安徽省农业碳排放效率测算及分析

目的 分析2010-2019年安徽省及其分区的农业碳排放效率。方法 通过整理安徽省统计年鉴数据并折算农业碳排放量,利用IPCC的碳排放计算方法、数据包络分析中的CCR模型和Malmquist模型测算及分析2010-2019年农业碳排放总量和效率。结果 (1)安徽省农业碳排放总量从2014年起逐年递减,农业碳排放量分区由大到小依次为皖北、皖中、皖南;(2)安徽省农业碳排放效率未达到有效水平但呈上升趋势,地区间差异较大且皆不理想,其中皖南地区效率最高,皖北地区效率最低;(3)安徽省全要素生产率几乎全部达到有效水平,说明安徽省在发展低碳农业方面持续努力效果显著。结论 安徽省对发展低碳农业积极性很高,但基础水平较低,需要加强引导和管理。     

低碳导向的校园能源碳核算方法研究及应用

研究综合了政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)、世界资源研究所(WRI)和青年应对气候变化行动网络(CYCAN)等机构的研究成果,建立了适用于国内的校园能源碳核算方法,以上海市某大学为例进行了能源碳排放分析.结果显示2004—2012年该校的碳排放量呈增长趋势,年均增长率为5.75%;2012年CO2排放达41 112t,其中电力和汽油碳排放分别占68.7%和25.0%.国内外低碳校园对比结果显示,整体可行的低碳校园建设计划的制定和落实,很可能是发达国家高校低碳建设成果显著的主要原因;重新审视低碳校园内涵,认为校园低碳应是相对自身的低碳,是一种持续改进、高能效运行的状态;在能源碳核算分析的基础之上,提出了低碳校园管理策略.     

福州市低碳经济综合评价体系构建

遵循科学性和可操作性基本原则,选取经济发展、低碳技术以及低碳环境三大子系统及影响低碳经济的12项评价指标,运用模糊层次分析法和基尼系数对指标进行赋权,构建福州市低碳经济综合评价体系,并对福州市2008—2010年低碳经济发展水平进行分析,研究福州市低碳经济发展水平的整体进度.评价结果符合福州市发展现状,可为福州市低碳经济的发展提供理论依据和研究方向.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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