极限^lim n→∞（1＋1／n）^n=e的一种证明

利用柯西不等式ｎ√ａ１ａ２…ａｎ≤１／ｎ（ａ１＋ａ２＋…ａｎ） （ａｉ〉０，１≤ｉ≤ｎ）， ＾ｌｉｎ ｎ→（１＋１／ｎ）ｎ＝ｅ的存在性证明。     

关于Moore的一个猜想

就整数ａ、ｂ的一般取值全面讨论了Ｆｉｂｏｎａｃｃｉ多项式序列Ｆ０（ｘ）＝ａ，Ｆ１（ｘ）＝ｘ＋ｂ，Ｆｎ（ｘ）＝ｘＦｎ－１（ｘ）＋Ｆｎ－２（ｘ）（ｎ≥２）的最大实根的渐近性质，否定了Ｇ．Ａ．Ｍｏｏｒｅ关于一般Ｆｉｂｏｎａｃｃｉ多项式序列的最大实根的渐近性质仅依赖于迭代关系Ｆｎ（ｘ）＝ｘＦｎ－１（ｘ）＋Ｆｎ－２（ｘ）而与初始条件Ｆ０（ｘ）、Ｆ１（ｘ）无关的猜想．     

计算状态数的两个新公式：与周期表有关的公式

我们得到这两个计算状态的公式：ＳｎＥ＝ｍ（ｍ＋１）（ｍ＋２）／６－１＋（１－１）＾ｎＥ／４ｍ＾２－２，（２）ｄ＝ａｎＥ－ａｎＥ－１＝「１＋（－１）＾ｎＥ」（ｎＥ＋１），当ｎＥ＝２ｎ－１，ｄ＝０，当ｎＥ＝２ｎ时，ｄ＝２（ｎＥ＋１）。     

一类Fibonacci数的求和

一类Ｆｉｂｏｎａｃｃｉ数的求和程龙海（数学系）摘要给出　的求和公式。关键词Ｆｉｂｏｎａｃｃｉ数，Ｌｕｃａｓ数，比内公式Ｆｉｂｏｎａｃｃｉ数列有着许多重要的、有趣的性质，其应用也越来越广泛，引起了数学家们的普遍关注。最近，文［１］对此做了比较深入的研究，作者用较长的篇幅部分地解决了的求和问题。本文将通过其他途径，给出的一个求和公式，为此，先给出下面的定义和引理。定义１Ｆ１＝１，Ｆ２＝１，Ｆ（ｎ＋１）＝Ｆｎ＋Ｆ（ｎ－１）（ｎ≥２），称数列｛Ｆｎ｝为Ｆｉｂｏｎａｃｃｉ数列。定义２Ｌ１＝１，Ｌ２＝３，Ｌ…     

三角多项式恒等于零的充要性及其周期

三角多项式ｆ（ｘ）＝ａ０＋ｎ∑／ｋ＝１（ａｋｃｏｓｋｘｂｋｓｉｎｋｘ）恒等于零的充要条件是：ａ０＝ａ１＝ａ２＝．．．＝ａｎ＝ｂ１＝ｂ２＝．．．＝ｂｎ＝０,由此推出求一般三角多项式周期的方法。     

分担两个值的亚纯函数

该文主要证明如下的定理１ 　设ｆ 和ｇ 为非常数亚纯函数,ａ１ , …,ａｎ 为互异复数,若（ｉ） ｆ 和ｇ ＣＭ 分担ａ１ ,ａ１ ,（ｉｉ） δ（ ∞,ｆ）＝ δ（ ∞,ｇ） ＝１ ,（ｉｉｉ） ａ３ ,…,ａｎ 为ｆ 的亏值,满足ｎｊ＝３δ（ａｊ ,ｆ） ＞ ｎ － ２ｎ ,则（ａ） 当ｎ ＝ ３ 时,有ｆ ≡ｇ 或（ｆ － ａ３）（ｇ ＋ ａ３ － ａ１ － ａ２） ≡（ａ３ － ａ１）（ａ２ － ａ３）且有δ（ ａ３ , ｆ） ＝ １, δ（ａ１ ＋ ａ２ － ａ３ , ｇ） ＝ １,（ｂ） 当ｎ ＞ ３ 时,有ｆ ≡ｇ 。     

e的上,下界估计及其区间长度

该文证明了：（１）ｂ＞０,ｘ≥ｂ,１＋１ｘｘ１＋１２＋１ｂｘ＜ｅ＜１＋１ｘｘ１＋１２ｘ;（２）ａ＞０,１＋１ｎｎ１＋１ａｎ＜ｅ＜（１＋１ｎ）ｎ１＋１２ｎ（ｎ＝１,２,３,…）ａ＞２ｅ－２．上述两个结果推广和改进了Ｋｌａｍｂａｕｅｒ的相应结果．     

一道数学竞赛题的推广

记Ｂ是由１，２，…，ｎ的循环排列组成的集合，Ａ＿３（ｎ）＝ｍａｘｍｉｎ（ａ＿（ｉ＋１）＋ａ＿（ｉ＋２）＋ａ＿（ｉ＋３）），其中ｉ＝０，１，２，…．ｎ－１，ａ＿（ｎ＋１）＝ａ＿１，ａ＿（ｎ＋２）＝ａ＿２；ａｉ取１．２，…，ｎ中的任意值，ｉ＝１，２，…，ｎ．本文讨论了Ａ＿３（ｎ）的上界：除ｎ＝３，５．６外，当３｜ｎ－１时，Ａ３（ｎ）≤　；当３｜ｎ时，Ａ３（ｎ）≤　；当３｜ｎ＋１时．Ａ＿３（ｎ）≤．     

环的若干交换性定理

设Ｚ（Ｒ）为环Ｒ的中心。本文证明了满足下列条件之一的环Ｒ是交换环：（Ａ１）Ｒ是半素环，且对任意ａ１，ａ２，…，ａｎ∈Ｒ，存在整系数多项式ｆ（ｘ１，ｘ２，…，ｘｎ）及ｎ元置换σ，使得ａ１ａ２…ａｎ－ａσ（１）ａσ（２）…ａσ（ｎ）ａ１ｆ（ａ１，ａ２，…，ａｎ）∈Ｚ（Ｒ）；（Ｂ１）对任意ａ１，ａ２∈Ｒ，存在整系数多项式ｆ（ｘ１，ｘ２）及２元置换σ，使得ａ１ａ２＝ａσ（１）ａσ（２）ａ１ｆ（ａ１，ａ２）。     

Fibonacci数列Cassini公式的推广

对Ｆｉｂｏｎａｃｃｉ数列的一个重要性质：Ｆｎ＋１Ｆｎ－１Ｆ＾２ｎ＝（－１）＾ｎ（Ｃａｓｓｉｎｉ）公式进行了推广。由此推广给出Ｆｉｂｏｎａｃｃｉ数列的另一个重要性质：Ｆｍ＋ｎ＝Ｆｎ－１Ｆｍ＋ＦｎＦｍ＋１的新证明，并得到任意两个Ｆｉｂｏｎａｃｃｉ数的平方和（差的）关系式。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the