共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
AMP deaminase, 5'-nucleotidase and adenosine deaminase have been estimated in skeletal muscle and myocardial tissue in normal rats and in rats subjected to experimental myocardial infarction or hypothermia. A difference in the enzyme distribution was found between the right and left ventricles in the normal rat. A decrease in the activity of 5'-nucleotidase and an increase in the activity of adenosine deaminase were observed in infarcted myocardial tissue. The activity of all 3 enzymes was found to be depressed in the myocardium in rats subjected to hypothermia. These results are discussed in relation to adenosine production and its beneficial effects. 相似文献
2.
V. M. Petrović M. Spasić Z. Saičić B. Milić R. Radojičić 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1982,38(11):1355-1356
Summary The activity of cytoplasmic superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the liver was about twice as high in adult rats as it was in neonates. In the brain and in the interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT), SOD activity was not changed during postnatal development, although it was slightly higher in the brain than in the IBAT (p>0.1). Thyroid hormones produced an increase in SOD activity in the brain of newborn rats, as well as in those animals 30 and 60 days old. The same quantity of hormones did not produce any significant changes in the liver or in the IBAT. 相似文献
3.
Summary The presence of oxalyl-CoA synthetase was observed in common edible pulses. Excepting in chick pea, the changes in oxalyl-CoA synthetase activity of winter pulses proceeded in stages. The enzyme remained more active in late strains than in early strains of winter pulses. Unlike the activity of the enzyme in winter pulses, that in summer pulses behaved differently. 相似文献
4.
K. Yamada A. Goto M. Ishii M. Yoshioka T. Sugimoto 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1995,51(3):227-229
We measured plasma levels of adenosine in Dahl salt-sensitive rats (DS) and Dahl salt-resistant rats (DR) to examine the potential role of adenosine in cardiovascular regulation in this type of hypertension. Plasma adenosine concentrations were significantly higher in DS than in DR. The NaCl content in the diet did not affect plasma adenosine concentration in either DS or DR. Significant positive correlation was found between adenosine concentrations and systolic blood pressure when the data for DS and DR were analyzed together. These results suggest that adenosine may play an important role in the pathophysiology of hypertension in DS. 相似文献
5.
It has been shown that increasing protein concentrations can decrease oxygen diffusion in 3 in vitro systems. We postulate that it is possible, and in some circumstances probable, that diffusion might be a rate limiting step in both in vitro and in vivo biological systems. 相似文献
6.
Recent genetic and technological advances have determined a role for chromatin structure in neurodevelopment. In particular, compounding evidence has established roles for CTCF and cohesin, two elements that are central in the establishment of chromatin structure, in proper neurodevelopment and in regulation of behavior. Genetic aberrations in CTCF, and in subunits of the cohesin complex, have been associated with neurodevelopmental disorders in human genetic studies, and subsequent animal studies have established definitive, although sometime opposing roles, for these factors in neurodevelopment and behavior. Considering the centrality of these factors in cellular processes in general, the mechanisms through which dysregulation of CTCF and cohesin leads specifically to neurological phenotypes is intriguing, although poorly understood. The connection between CTCF, cohesin, chromatin structure, and behavior is likely to be one of the next frontiers in our understanding of the development of behavior in general, and neurodevelopmental disorders in particular. 相似文献
7.
H. Miyamoto N. Manabe Y. Akiyama T. Watanabe M. Sugimoto E. Sato 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1994,50(9):808-811
The morphometric parameters of spermatogenic cells in a mouse strain prone to accelerated senescence (SAM-P), a novel murine model of spontaneously promoted aging, were compared with those of a SAM resistant strain (SAM-R) after birth until 40 weeks (mean life span of SAM-P). A mixture of gonocytes and spermatogonia were present in the testis in 1-week-old mice, and no gonocytes were observed in 2-week-old mice. At 6 weeks of age, the absolute number of spermatogonia in SAM-P was 27% greater than that in SAM-R, whereas the cell number in 40-week-old SAM-P was 17% less than in SAM-R. Primary spermatocytes were first observed in 3-week-old animals, and the cell numbers in SAM-P at 3, 5 and 6 weeks were 78%, 31% and 25%, respectively, greater than in SAM-R, whereas the cell number in SAM-P at 40 weeks was 30% less than SAM-R. Round spermatids were first observed in all SAM-P at 4 weeks old, but 20% of SAM-r had no spermatids and the rest had only a few. At 5 and 6 weeks old, the absolute numbers of round spermatids in SAM-P was about 34% and 41%, respectively, greater than in SAM-R, whereas the cell number in 40-week-old SAM-P was about 34% less than SAM-R. These results indicate that testicular maturation begins at an earlier age in SAM-P than SAM-R. Furthermore, at the age of 40 weeks signs of testicular deterioration are evident in SAM-P mice only 相似文献
8.
The timing of sleep and sleep EEG parameters in 10 healthy male subjects were investigated in four seasons under controlled conditions. The phase of nocturnal sleep was delayed about one and a half hours in winter as compared to that in summer. The duration of stage 4 sleep decreased and REM sleep increased significantly in winter compared with summer. The seasonality in the timing of sleep can be explained by photoperiodic time cues, but the changes in sleep EEG parameters are difficult to explain in terms of photoperiod. 相似文献
9.
Summary Experimental pancreatitis in rats was accompanied by hypocalcemia. Thyroidectomy did not abolish the fall in serum calcium observed in intact animals during pancreatitis. Data presented in our study suggest that the thyroid gland and calcitonin are not important factors in causing the hypocalcemia observed in rats. 相似文献
10.
Y. Nagata 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1992,48(8):753-755
The physiological role of D-amino acid oxidase (EC 1. 4. 3. 3) in mouse brain is described. The presence of D-enantiomers of neutral common amino acids was surveyed in the brain. D-serine was shown to be present at high concentration only in regions where the enzyme activity was low. In normal mice whose D-amino acid oxidase activity was much higher in the cerebellum than in the cerebrum, free D-serine content was apparently lower in the cerebellum than in the cerebrum. In mice of a mutant strain lacking D-amino acid-oxidase activity, the free D-serine level was remarkably high both in the cerebrum and cerebellum. The results suggest that the enzyme is involved in the elimination of free D-serine in the cerebellum. 相似文献
11.
H Yoshikura 《Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des sciences. Série D, Sciences naturelles》1975,281(14):1063-1065
The plaque formation of murine leukemia virus (MuLV) in non permissive mouse cells (N-tropic MuLV in B-type cells, or B-tropic MuLV in N-type cells) was increased by murine sarcoma virus whose plaque-forming activity was extremely low (MuSV XC-). The infection of N-tropic MuLV in B-type cells was increased by MuSV XC- propagated only in N-type cells but not in B-type cells, and the infection of B-tropic MuLV in N-type cells by MuSV XC- propagated only in B-type cells but not in N-type cells. 相似文献
12.
J. W. Dailey H. D. Battarbee L. McNatt 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1982,38(8):953-955
Summary Bilateral adrenalectomy in the rat results in an increase in heart monoamine oxidase activity in animals drinking water and in animals drinking 0.9% saline. Daily administration of deoxycorticosterone acetate prevented the increased monoamine oxidase activity in the animals drinking saline but not in those drinking water.Acknowledgment. This work was supported in part by a grant from the American Heart Association — Louisiana, Inc. 相似文献
13.
Marta Bolos Carlos Spuch Lara Ordoñez-Gutierrez Francisco Wandosell Isidro Ferrer Eva Carro 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》2013,70(15):2787-2797
β-amyloid (Aβ) can promote neurogenesis, both in vitro and in vivo, by inducing neural progenitor cells to differentiate into neurons. The choroid plexus in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is burdened with amyloid deposits and hosts neuronal progenitor cells. However, neurogenesis in this brain tissue is not firmly established. To investigate this issue further, we examined the effect of Aβ on the neuronal differentiation of choroid plexus epithelial cells in several experimental models of AD. Here we show that Aβ regulates neurogenesis in vitro in cultured choroid plexus epithelial cells as well as in vivo in the choroid plexus of APP/Ps1 mice. Treatment with oligomeric Aβ increased proliferation and differentiation of neuronal progenitor cells in cultured choroid plexus epithelial cells, but decreased survival of newly born neurons. These Aβ-induced neurogenic effects were also observed in choroid plexus of APP/PS1 mice, and detected also in autopsy tissue from AD patients. Analysis of signaling pathways revealed that pre-treating the choroid plexus epithelial cells with specific inhibitors of TyrK or MAPK diminished Aβ-induced neuronal proliferation. Taken together, our results support a role of Aβ in proliferation and differentiation in the choroid plexus epithelial cells in Alzheimer’s disease. 相似文献
14.
The highest specific activity of thiamin pyrophosphokinase was found in the cerebellum, and lower activity in cerebral cortex and midbrain. The regional difference in the enzyme activity was similar to that in thiamin content and the influx rate in rat brain, suggesting that the enzyme is involved in the thiamin transport. 相似文献
15.
Neurons are highly specialised cells with a large bioenergetic demand, and so require a healthy mitochondrial network to function effectively. This network is compromised in many neurological disorders, in which damaged mitochondria accumulate. Dysfunctional mitochondria can be removed via an organelle-specific autophagic pathway, a process known as mitophagy. The canonical mitophagy pathway is dependent on the actions of PINK1 (PTEN-induced putative kinase 1) and Parkin and has been well studied in immortalised cells and cultured neurons. However, evidence for a role of this mitophagy pathway in the brain is still limited, and studies suggest that there may be important differences in how neurons respond to mitochondrial damage in vitro and in vivo. Here, we first describe the evidence for a functional PINK1/Parkin mitophagy pathway in neurons, and review how this pathway is affected in disease models. We then critically evaluate the literature by comparing findings from in vitro models and more recent in vivo studies in flies and mice. The emerging picture implicates that alternative mitophagy pathways operate in neurons in vivo. New mouse models that employ fluorescent biosensors to monitor mitophagy in vivo will be instrumental to understand the relative role of the different clearance pathways in the brain under physiological and pathological conditions. 相似文献
16.
Laurence Canaple Aline Gréchez-Cassiau Franck Delaunay Ouria Dkhissi-Benyahya Jacques Samarut 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》2018,75(21):3991-4005
Most living organisms show circadian rhythms in physiology and behavior. These oscillations are generated by endogenous circadian clocks, present in virtually all cells where they control key biological processes. To study peripheral clocks in vivo, we developed an original model, the Rev-Luc mouse to follow noninvasively and longitudinally Rev-Luc oscillations in peripheral clocks using in vivo bioluminescence imaging. We found in vitro and in vivo a robust diurnal rhythm of Rev-Luc, mainly in liver, intestine, kidney and adipose tissues. We further confirmed in vivo that Rev-Luc peripheral tissues are food-entrainable oscillators, not affected by age or sex. These data strongly support the relevance of the Rev-Luc model for circadian studies, especially to investigate in vivo the establishment and the entrainment of the rhythm throughout ontogenesis. We then showed that Rev-Luc expression develops dynamically and gradually, both in amplitude and in phase, during fetal and postnatal development. We also demonstrate for the first time that the immature peripheral circadian system of offspring in utero is mainly entrained by maternal cues from feeding regimen. The prenatal entrainment will also differentially determine the Rev-Luc expression in pups before weaning underlining the importance of the maternal chrononutrition on the circadian system entrainment of the offspring. 相似文献
17.
K. Arishima M. Kiuchi M. Yamamoto Y. Eguchi K. Mochizuki 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1984,40(10):1155-1157
Summary The collective volume of Leydig cells in prenatally pinealectomized newborn rats declined as sharply as in intact newborn rats. Also, the collective volume in pups born in the dark declined in a fashion similar to that in pups born in the light. The results indicate that neither the pineal gland nor the light is responsible for the neonatal shrinkage of Leydig cells.This study was supported in part by a Grant-in Aid for Scientific Research (No. 548067) from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan. 相似文献
18.
Summary Morphologic analysis of nine hypothalamic areas revealed significant decreases in the number of neurons per unit area in the ventral medial and arcuate nuclei. These data suggest that altered neuron numbers in the VMW and perhaps the ARC may participate in the well documented reductions in endocrine and neuroendocrine function observed in aging rats. 相似文献
19.
T. Matsuda Y. Yabushita T. Doi H. Iwata 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1985,41(7):924-925
Summary The highest specific activity of thiamin pyrophosphokinase was found in the cerebellum, and lower activity in cerebral cortex and midbrain. The regional difference in the enzyme activity was similar to that in thiamin content and the influx rate in rat brain, suggesting that the enzyme is involved in the thiamin transport. 相似文献
20.
Summary Dim light, in combination with high water temperature, resulted in a significant increase in the retinyl ester hydrolase activity in the goldfish retina. This rise in enzyme activity may relate to a selective increase in the availability of retinal chromophores thereby favoring the formation of rhodopsin under these light and temperature conditions. 相似文献