Catalase activity in skeletal muscle of varying fibre types

Summary Slow oxidative skeletal muscles of rats and hamsters exhibit significantly greater catalase activity than fast oxidative muscles. Furthermore, regions of a single muscle may vary significantly.     

Catalase activity among leptospires

Summary Catalase activity was measured by a quantitative method as an additional screening for discriminating between saprophytic and pathogenic leptospires. Results indicate that water-leptospires have little or no catalase activity.     

Enhancement of electrically stimulated guinea-pig gallbladder contraction by subthreshold concentrations of gastrointestinal hormones in vitro

Summary Concentrations of the octapeptide of cholecystokinin and pentagastrin, which alone do not contract the gallbladder, enhance the gallbladder contraction in response to electrical stimulation in vitro.Supported by grants from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Alfred Teufel-Foundation.     

Catalase and peroxidase activity in sugarcane infected with sugarcane mosaic virus

Zusammenfassung Vom Zuckerrohr-Mosaik-Virus befallene Zuckerrohrblätter weisen eine höhere Peroxidase- und eine niedrigere Katalaseaktivität auf gegenüber den Enzymaktivitäten gesunder Blätter.     

Effect of L-carnitine and stimulated lipolysis on muscle substrates in the exercising rat

To test the effect of L-carnitine on glycogen sparing when fat oxidation is increased, 100 mg/kg/d were given to rats orally for 3 days, resulting in 1.8-fold higher muscle carnitine levels. Even when FFA were raised by heparin-stimulated lipolysis, the rate of glycogen degradation was not reduced during exercise.     

Effect of L-carnitine and stimulated lipolysis on muscle substrates in the exercising rat

Summary To test the effect of L-carnitine on glycogen sparing when fat oxidation is increased, 100 mg/kg/d were given to rats orally for 3 days, resulting in 1.8-fold higher muscle carnitine levels. Even when FFA were raised by heparin-stimulated lipolysis, the rate of glycogen degradation was not reduced during exercise.     

Lipase activity in insect flight muscle

Zusammenfassung Die Lipaseaktivität von wässerigen Extrakten der Libelle (Pentala flavescens), der Heuschrecke (Schistocerca gregaria) und der Hummel (Xylocopa sp.) wurde manometrisch festgestellt, unter Verwendung von Tributyrin als Substrat. Die höchste Lipaseaktivität wurde in der Libelle gefunden, die niedrigste in der Hummel. Der hohe Gehalt der Flugmuskulatur der Insekten an Lipase wird in Zusammenhang gebracht mit der Benutzung von Fett als Brennstoff bei dauernder Muskeltätigkeit. Die Lipaseaktivität in der Flugmuskulatur der Libelle und der Heuschrecke wird histochemisch nachgewiesen mit dem Verfahren nachGomori, unter Verwendung von «Tween 80» als Substrat.     

Catalase synthesis and destruction in starvation

Zusammenfassung In der Leber hungernder Ratten verliefen Auf- und Abbaugeschwindigkeit der Katalase während der ersten 5 Tage im wesentlichen wie bei den Kontrolltieren. Durch die Verkleinerung der Leber wurde bei den Hungertieren total weniger Katalase in derselben Zeitspanne synthetisiert. Nach 5 Tagen fiel die Geschwindigkeit der Katalase-Synthese pro g Leber allmählich bis zum Tod der Tiere ab.

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Presented in part at the Fifth International Congress on Nutrition, Washington (D.C.) September 1960.     

Catalase in free-living and parasitic platyhelminths

Summary Catalase was found in all of the free-living species of platyhelminths studied, but could not be detected in any of the parasitic species (trematodes or cestodes). This work was supported by NATO research grant 1681.     

Glutaminase activity in rat skeletal muscle mitochondria

Summary Isolated rat skeletal muscle mitochondria took up about 40-ng-atoms O per min per mg protein, with glutamine as the only respiratory substrate. The mitochondria incubated in the presence of glutamine and KCN formed both ammonia and glutamate in equivalent amounts. The experiments reported here provide suggestive evidence that rat skeletal muscle mitochondria contain glutaminase (L-glutamine amidohydrolase EC 3.5.1.2.) activity.This work was supported by the Polish Academy of Sciences within the project II. 1, 2, 6.     

Glutaminase activity in rat skeletal muscle mitochondria

Isolated rat skeletal muscle mitochondria took up about 40-ng-atoms O per mg protein, with glutamine as the only respiratory substrate. The mitochondria incubated in the presence of glutamine and KCN formed both ammonia and glutamate in equivalent amounts. The experiments reported here provide suggestive evidence that rat skeletal muscle mitochondria contain glutaminase (L-glutamine amidohydrolase EC 3.5.1.2.) activity.     

Differences in phagocytic activity of methacrylate copolymer particles in normal and stimulated macrophages

Summary Methacrylate copolymer particles were found to be optimal for a study of phagocytosis in normal and stimulated macrophages, and, after their simple coating with antiserum, for a specific cell labelling with minimal spontaneous adhesion to the cell surface.     

Pentobarbital-induced phase shifts of circadian rhythms of locomotor activity are not mediated through stimulated activity in mice

The possibility that phase shifts of circadian rhythms of locomotor activity induced by pentobarbital injections are mediated through hyperactivity after recovery from the sedative condition was tested in DBA/2 mice. The mice were restrained for 3 h in a tube immediately after injections of pentobarbital at either CT 9 or CT 0. The results indicated that immobilization did not block the phase shifts, suggesting that pentobarbital-induced phase shifts are not due to increasing the level of activity.     

Pentobarbital-induced phase shifts of circadian rhythms of locomotor activity are not mediated through stimulated activity in mice

Summary The possibility that phase shifts of circadian rhythms of locomotor activity induced by pentobarbital injections are mediated through hyperactivity after recovery from the sedative condition was tested in DBA/2 mice. The mice were restrained for 3 h in a tube immediately after injections of pentobarbital at either CT 9 or CT 0. The results indicated that immobilization did not block the phase shifts, suggesting that pentobarbital-induced phase shifts are not due to increasing the level of activity.     

Cholinesterase activity in skeletal muscle after botulinum toxin

Zusammenfassung Bei Zufuhr von Botulinum-A-Toxin in den Muskel Tibialis anterior der Ratte war die Cholinesteraseaktivität nach zwei Wochen herabgesetzt, jedoch weniger ausgesprochen als nach zweiwöchiger Denervierung des Muskels.     

Catalase activity in the regenerating tail tip of xenopus larvae and the effect of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole

Zusammenfassung In der regenerierenden Schwanzspitze der Xenopuslarve bleibt die Katalase-Aktivität (bezogen auf Totalstickstoff) bis zum Ende der Regenerationsperiode auf etwa 50% des normalen Niveaus, während sie im anschliessenden Schwanzstumpf unverändert ist. 3-Amino-1,2,4-triazol erniedrigt die Katalase-Aktivität in den Regeneraten, den Stümpfen und dem Kontrollgewebe nicht-amputierter Larven auf etwa 20–40% des normalen Niveaus. Es bewirkt eine kurzfristige Regenerationshemmung in den ersten Tagen nach Amputation, die im weiteren Verlauf wieder vollständig ausgeglichen wird.

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This work was supported by a grant of theEidgenössische Kommission zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung aus Arbeitsbeschaffungsmitteln des Bundes. I would like to express my gratitude to Prof.F. E. Lehmann for his constant interest and his valuable advice. I am also indebted to Mrs.J. Weber and to MissM. Pieren for technical assistance.     

Catalase inhibition by potassium chlorate in red cells

Zusammenfassung Die Geschwindigkeit der Katalaseaktivitätsverminderung bei mit Kaliumchlorat vergifteten Erythrozyten wird vom pH beeinflusst. Die vorgeschlagene Methode ist zur Gewinnung von Erythrozyten niedriger Katalaseaktivität geeignet.     

Alkaline phosphatase activity in normal and denervated skeletal muscle

Summary Changes in the specific activity of alkaline phosphatase in the normal and denervated skeletal muscle have been studied both histochemically as well as biochemically for a maximum period of 8 weeks of its postnatal development. In the normal muscle, a heterogenous population of fibres with respect to the enzyme distribution is observed. Relatively higher levels of enzyme in the denervated muscle and also the proliferation of extrafibrillar connective tissue in the diseased muscle show its specific association with the lytic processes.