Fe，Gd共掺杂改性TiO2的可见光光催化活性

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了铁和钆共掺杂纳米TiO2粉体材料,研究了共掺杂粉末在可见光下的光催化性能.紫外可见吸收光谱分析显示:共掺杂粉末在可见光区有较强吸收,共掺杂离子以协同作用拓展TiO2光谱响应.光催化降解实验表明,共掺杂TiO2粉体有很高的可见光光催化活性,以550 ℃热处理的同时掺杂质量分数为0.05%Fe和0.05%Gd的TiO2粉体光催化效果最好,在可见光下对甲基橙的降解率为79.6%.     

3d过渡金属离子注入锐钛矿TiO2第一性原理研究

用金属离子注入方法在锐钛矿TiO2薄膜中掺杂3d过渡金属（V,Cr和Fe）离子,采用全势线性缀加平面波（FP-LAPW）方法计算3d过渡金属离子掺杂后锐钛矿TiO2的电子结构,通过紫外-可见吸收光谱测试方法检测3d过渡金属离子注入对TiO2薄膜吸收光谱的影响.实验结果和理论计算表明,离子注入后,锐钛矿TiO2薄膜带隙宽度变小,V,Cr和Fe离子的3d态在紫外-可见吸收光谱的红移中起关键作用.     

3d过渡金属离子注入锐钛矿TiO_2第一性原理研究

用金属离子注入方法在锐钛矿TiO2薄膜中掺杂3d过渡金属(V,Cr和Fe)离子,采用全势线性缀加平面波(FP-LAPW)方法计算3d过渡金属离子掺杂后锐钛矿TiO2的电子结构,通过紫外-可见吸收光谱测试方法检测3d过渡金属离子注入对TiO2薄膜吸收光谱的影响.实验结果和理论计算表明,离子注入后,锐钛矿TiO2薄膜带隙宽度变小,V,Cr和Fe离子的3d态在紫外-可见吸收光谱的红移中起关键作用.     

有机物/TiO2电荷转移复合物的形成及其在可见光下的催化活性

以TiO2（Degussa P25）为光催化剂,可见光为激发光源,分别对甲醇/TiO2、甲醛/TiO2、甲酸/TiO2体系中光催化还原Cr6+的情况进行了研究. 结果表明,有机醇和羧酸能与TiO2形成电荷转移复合物. 这种复合物能够吸收400 nm以上的可见光,并通过LMCT（ligand-to-metal charge transfer）机制引发光催化还原反应. 不同的有机物/TiO2体系中,Cr6+的光催化还原反应表现出极大的差异,这种差别与有机物的结构密切相关. 当体系中不存在有机物时,可见光下TiO2几乎不能将Cr6+还原;当加入甲酸,经光照80 min后,Cr6+的还原率即可达100%;而在甲醛/TiO2和甲醇/TiO2体系中,光照6 h后,Cr6+的还原率分别可达93.63%和22.69%. 体系的pH对Cr6+的光催化还原反应有显著影响. 有机物/TiO2体系中,光催化还原Cr6+的反应符合一级动力学规律.     

Cr2O3-TiO2负载金属光催化剂及其光分解水产氢性能研究

以钛酸四丁酯和重铬酸铵为原料,采用溶胶凝胶法制备Cr2O3 TiO2 复合型光催化剂,并利用浸渍法在Cr2O3 TiO2 表面分别负载Fe、Mn、Mo 过渡金属,制备了Fe Cr2O3 TiO2、Mn Cr2O3 TiO2、Mo Cr2O3 TiO2 三元复合型光催化剂.通过X射线衍射(XRD)、比表面分析(BET)和紫外可见吸收光谱(Uv Vis)对催化剂进行了表征.XRD结果表明:TiO2 为金红石结构;Cr2O3 为绿铬矿结构.催化剂在紫外光和可见光条件下均具有光催化分解水产氢活性,紫外光条件下三元复合型光催化剂可以明显提高光催化产氢活性,其中Mo Cr2O3 TiO2 活性最高,而在可见光条件下,三元复合型光催化剂产氢活性略低于Cr2O3 TiO2.     

V+离子注入制备可见光灵敏TiO2光催化薄膜

利用金属蒸汽真空弧(MEVVA)源离子注入机在溶胶凝胶法制备的TiO2薄膜上注入V .薄膜表面的形态和结构分别用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X光衍射仪(XRD)进行了研究.通过紫外可见光漫反射谱仪(UV-Vis)测量了注入和退火后薄膜吸收光谱的扩展.在波长λ>400nm辐照下,甲基橙(MO)水溶液中的光催化实验证明,这种薄膜具备可见光波段的催化能力.这种催化效果在V 注量为1×1016 cm-2时最好.     

掺铅TiO2薄膜的制备及光催化性能

以钛酸四丁酯为前驱体,采用溶胶-凝胶法在玻璃板表面制得均匀的TiO2,并利用浸渍法镀pb2 得到掺铅的TiO2,用紫外漫反射、荧光光谱分析等手段对其进行了表征.研究结果表明,掺杂铅离子使TiO2的荧光峰明显增强,吸收带边发生红移,在紫外光区和可见光区的吸收明显增强.以紫外灯为光源,通过对甲基橙的光催化降解研究,发现掺铅TiO2薄膜的光催化活性明显大于掺Ag,Bi及纯TiO2薄膜,这是提高TiO2光催化活性的有效方法.     

氮对光催化性能的影响:TiO_2纳米球和纳米线对比研究

使用阳极氧化和氨气退火N化的方法制备了N掺杂的TiO2纳米球薄膜和纳米线薄膜.经过N掺杂TiO2纳米线薄膜与未掺杂纳米线可见光区的光吸收强度相差不大,能带宽度从未掺杂样品的3.2eV缩小为3.1eV.TiO2纳米球薄膜在可见光区的光吸收显著增强,能带宽度由未掺杂样品的3.2eV缩小为2.8eV,同时纳米球生长被抑制,其直径约为50nm,明显小于未掺杂TiO2样品的100mn.在可见光照射TiO2氮掺杂纳米线薄膜和纳米球薄膜降解4h后,溶液中亚甲基蓝的浓度分别降至45%和44%,N掺杂样品获得了优异的可见光光催化活性.研究表明N掺杂导致的O空穴浓度增加和能带宽度有效减小是其可见光区光催化活性增强的主要原因.     

稀土掺杂TiO2薄膜的制备及光催化特性

用Sol-gel法制备出一系列镧系离子掺杂的TiO2薄膜,经X射线衍射(XRD)、紫外可见(UV-Vis)吸收光谱表征该TiO2薄膜,并研究了其光催化活性. XRD研究结果表明:镧系离子掺杂TiO2薄膜的XRD与未掺杂薄膜的XRD基本一致. 在控制实验条件下,主要为锐钛矿型晶型. UV-Vis吸收光谱表明:当λ＞360 nm时其吸光值低于0.4,并测得薄膜的厚度.光催化降解罗丹明B的实验表明,掺杂稀土离子的TiO2薄膜的光降解效率高于未掺杂的TiO2薄膜. 当n(La)=0.5%,n(Eu)=0.7% ,n(Er)=0.8% (n为摩尔比)时的降解效率达到最大. 而不同镧系离子在最佳掺杂量时的光降解效果为:La3+＞Eu3+＞Er3+.     

Ag~+注入对TiO_2薄膜光催化、抗菌和亲水性能的影响

为提高TiO2材料的光催化能力,采用匀胶法在载玻片上制备TiO2薄膜,通过离子注入技术在TiO2薄膜表面掺杂Ag+,离子注入时加速电压为40kV,注入剂量分别为5×1015、1×1016、3×1016、6×1016和1×1017ions/cm2.以甲基橙为降解物,研究了Ag+注入对TiO2薄膜紫外光作用下光催化效率的影响,并通过大肠杆菌在紫外光照射下的存活率考察了Ag/TiO2薄膜的抗菌效率.此外,利用接触角测量仪测量Ag/TiO2薄膜分别在避光和紫外光照射下水接触角的变化情况,研究了Ag+注入对TiO2薄膜亲水性的影响.实验结果表明:注入剂量为1×1016ions/cm2时,TiO2薄膜光催化效率最高,与未注入薄膜比较提高了约1.26倍.此外,适量的Ag+注入有利于TiO2薄膜抗菌效率的提高,并改善了薄膜的亲水性能,紫外光作用下,薄膜具有最佳抗菌性和亲水性时,Ag+的注入剂量为3×1016ions/cm2.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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