钢筋混凝土螺旋楼梯按空间工作的结构计算图表化研究

本文在《园柱面螺旋线杆件(螺旋楼梯)空间刚度、内力及变形的计算》及《曲梁的空间刚度及内力计算》二文的基础上,对螺旋楼梯结构按空间计算的经济截面设计,进行了研究和探讨,目的是使这种空间结构,在设计上既能满足观瞻要求、刚度和变形要求,又能做到经济上合理,设计上方便、简捷与实用。附有螺旋楼梯梯段利用图表设计的实例。     

椭圆形支护结构的简化计算

椭圆形支护结构是较为简单的拱形支护结构的一种,具有计算简单、经济合理优点,但关于其内力的设计计算方法研究的还很不够。本文以弹性板壳理论为基础,分析了椭圆形"壳体"支护结构的内力特点和设计控制内力的计算方法,对此类支护结构的工程应用具有一定的参考价值。     

两端简支螺旋式楼梯内力系数表

本文编制了水平旋转角为300°、270°、240°和210°的两端简支钢筋混凝土螺旋式楼梯内力系数表,并举了设计例题,以便简化计算和避免错误。     

框架结构在水平荷载作用下进行内力计算的一种近似方法

介绍了多层及高层框架结构在水平荷载作用下进行内力计算的一种简单方法 ,并通过一个计算实例与电算结果进行比较 ,对该法的使用提出了一些建议 ,可供设计人员参考     

供热式汽轮机旋转隔板级变工况计算方法的研究

通过研究抽汽供热式汽轮机中的喷嘴配汽式旋转隔板和节流配汽式旋转隔板的设计结构和运行特点,应用弗留格尔公式和计算喷嘴流量的公式,针对喷嘴配汽式旋转隔板级的变工况计算,提出了一种近似的计算方法。该方法较变工况的详细计算所需的资料少且简单。以南京汽轮机厂生产的12MW汽轮机为例进行计算,计算结果能满足工程要求,并可广泛地应用于调节抽汽式汽轮机,给缺少原始资料的老电厂采用计算机进行优化运行与管理提供了条件。     

考虑楼梯影响的钢筋混凝土框架结构地震反应分析

为研究楼梯对结构地震反应的影响,利用大型结构软件ETABS设计了1个不含楼梯的钢筋混凝土框架模型和2个包含楼梯的钢筋混凝土框架模型,分别采用振型分解反应谱法和底部剪力法对3个模型进行了弹性地震反应对比计算分析.结果表明,楼梯明显改变了结构的抗侧刚度分布、振动模态及梯间框架柱内力分配比例等,其影响因楼梯中间平台与梯间框架柱是否相连而异.模型3是一种可行的方式,建议设计时采用振型分解反应谱法对包含楼梯结构进行抗震分析计算.     

怎样用旋转粘度仪准确测定非牛顿液体的流变性能

本文闸述了当前在设计和使用旋转粘度仪中所存在的一些问题。目前的旋转粘度仪,是按牛顿液体的内摩擦定律设计的,这对牛屯液体流变参数的测量和计算是较为准确的,但对非牛屯液体流变参数的测量和计算,则会产生不可忽视的误差。本文依据非牛屯液体的流变规律,从理论上阐明了用这种仪器测定和计算非牛电液体时,对那些流变参数是较为准确的;对那些流变参数会有较大的误差以及这些误差的范围、影响因素和解决途径,从而进一步阐明了通过使用仪器校正系数B,通过计算非牛屯液体的速度梯度,以达到准确测定非牛屯液体流变性能的方法。为了在引入B值后,仍能较方便的计算塑性液体的动切应力,文章还介绍了改进设计旋转粘度仪的有关方法。     

中心楼梯参与整体框架结构计算的地震反应分析

现行的设计和PKPM程序均未考虑到楼梯参与整体框架结构的计算,但5．12汶川地震和4．14玉树地震表明楼梯间的破坏均很严重。利用有限性分析软件SAP2000建立了楼梯布置在几何中心的模型和无楼梯对比模型的框架结构。计算结果表明,考虑楼梯后：楼层位移减小,Y方向（顺着楼梯斜板方向）的刚度大于X（垂直楼梯斜板方向）方向刚度;楼梯间的框架柱的轴力增大了2．6倍,剪力X／Y方向增大了1．6／3倍,弯矩XIY方向增大了1．1／1．6倍;楼梯问梯柱轴力、剪力、弯矩是对比模型相应最大内力的0．71,0．73,0．3倍,说明按构造设计的梯柱也是抵抗地震的薄弱环节,尤其是轴力和剪力。针对楼梯间框架柱和梯柱的加强设计给出了建议。     

钢筋混凝土螺旋形楼梯支承条件与内力关系

研究支座条件对钢筋混凝土螺旋形楼梯内力的影响，分析螺旋形楼梯工程设计中存在的问题，在大量螺旋形楼梯算例分析和内力分布规律研究的基础上，给出一些因素对不同支座条件下各内力比值的影响曲线，为工程设计中考虑支座影响和调整计算内力提供参考。     

基于曲线拟合的平面弧形梁内力简化计算

为解决在计算弧形梁内力时存在的单元数量与计算精度之间的矛盾,通过数值拟合的方法,建立了均布荷载作用下平面弧形梁内力与等跨直梁内力之间的数学模型,通过该模型能够较容易地由直梁内力求出弧形梁的内力。计算简单,运算效率高,计算误差满足工程计算要求,计算结果偏于安全,具有一定实际应用价值。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the