IF钢生产过程中的织构演变

对IF钢生产过程中热轧、冷轧及退火试样的织构演变进行研究.分别借助EBSD和XRD测定和计算了热轧、退火及冷轧试样的取向分布函数及相关织构组分的体积分数.结果发现,热轧板在变形过程中发生了动态再结晶,晶粒为细小的等轴晶,为后续组织发展提供了基础;热轧后试样中的织构很弱,不会影响冷轧织构组分及含量.冷轧过程是织构形成的主要过程,试样中含有4种主要的织构组分:{001}〈110〉、{111｝〈110〉、{111}〈112〉和{112}〈110〉.退火过程中发生再结晶,4种冷轧织构组分在退火过程中均分别转变为{111｝面织构.     

异步轧制对IF钢冷轧及再结晶织构的影响

研究了异步轧制对IF钢的冷轧及再结晶织构的影响,并且将模拟的剪切应变随辊速比的变化规律应用到以Taylor模型为基础的织构模拟中,分析了剪切应变εxz值对形变织构的影响.结果表明:随着异步轧制速比的增加,冷轧的α纤维织构组分逐渐减少,γ纤维织构组分稍有增加.异步轧制时,附加的切应变是造成这种变化的主要原因;{111}〈uvw〉再结晶晶核的形成与{001}〈110〉织构组分无关.异步轧再结晶{111}〈112〉织构组分体积分数明显多于同步轧,这是由于在冷变形状态下,{111}〈112〉织构组分就明显高于同步轧制条件.     

异步轧制下无取向硅钢的冷轧织构

研究了同步和异步轧制下无取向硅钢的冷轧织构及其沿层厚的分布特征.不同轧制方式下冷轧织构均主要由以{001}〈110〉为强点的α织构和强度相对较弱的γ织构组成,但异步轧制显著影响冷轧织构强度及其沿层厚的分布.异步轧制对表层和中间层织构强度的影响较1/4层大;异步轧制总体上减少α和γ织构,但增加{111}〈112〉组分.这表明冷轧过程引入异步轧制可为无取向硅钢的织构控制与优化开辟新的途径.     

深冲板St15再结晶退火过程织构演变

运用电子背散射花样技术(EBSP)对本钢深冲板St15再结晶退火过程中的织构演变规律进行了研究.当加热速率为30℃/h时,深冲板St15再结晶开始温度在560℃左右,再结晶完成时间约为2h,最强织构组分为{100}〈110〉.随着温度的升高,深冲板St15的γ纤维织构,尤其是{111}〈112〉织构有所增强.当保温温度为700℃,随保温时间延长,深冲板St15的{111}〈110〉织构明显增强,4h后{111}〈112〉织构开始逐渐增强,到13h时,获得理想的退火织构.     

异步轧制无取向硅钢的再结晶织构演变

在无取向硅钢冷轧过程中采用同步轧制和速比为1.06,1.125,1.19的异步轧制,以考察异步轧制对冷轧和再结晶织构的影响.研究发现,异步轧制减弱冷轧织构中{001}～{112}〈110〉组分,增强{111}〈112〉并减弱{111}〈110〉组分.{111}〈112〉和{111}～{225}〈110〉形变晶粒内剪切带处分别形成η(〈001〉∥RD)及偏离其15°的η′(Ψ=75°,θ=0～45°,φ=0°)再结晶晶粒,η′因晶核尺寸优势发展成为主要织构组分.异步轧制下形变织构的变化有利于改善再结晶织构特征及性能,其影响随速比增大而增强.     

基于元胞自动机方法的CSP流程冷轧低碳钢

采用元胞自动机方法对 CSP流程冷轧低碳钢再结晶过程进行模拟研究.结果表明,冷轧变形量为71.4%的CSP流程冷轧低碳钢的再结晶开始温度为540 ℃左右,再结晶结束温度为600～620 ℃;计算机模拟得到再结晶完成温度为604 ℃,再结晶完成时间为96 min;再结晶完成时,其晶粒平均直径为7.0 μm,而晶粒尺寸分布主要集中在2～14 μm,此类尺寸晶粒约占晶粒总数的90%,且具备了Weibull分布函数的特征.同时冷轧低碳钢再结晶完成时,{111}〈110〉和{111}〈112〉织构组分的含量最高,总计为63.12%,{110}〈110〉和{112}〈110〉织构组分的含量则分别为9.67%和7.6%,而{001}〈110〉织构组分的含量最低.     

再结晶退火温度对无取向硅钢织构和磁性能的影响

对冷轧及退火后无取向硅钢织构及磁性能的变化进行研究.借助电子背散射衍射(EBSD)技术测量退火试样的极图,计算取向分布函数(ODF)和织构组分的体积分数,并利用TYU-2000M磁性能测量仪测量试样的磁性能.结果表明,810、840、880 ℃下退火3 min后,试样的再结晶均充分完成,且晶粒随着退火温度的升高而长大;退火后,试样中首先显现{111}〈112〉织构组分,且随退火温度的升高呈增强趋势;退火温度继续升高时,{111}〈110〉织构组分增强,一次再结晶后材料中出现{111}面织构,导致试样的磁感应强度B50降低,同时由于晶粒的长大使得试样的铁损P15减小.     

半工艺无取向硅钢加临界变形的织构演变

测定了半工艺无取向电工钢热轧(终轧温度在Ar1以下)到成品各工序的织构,以取向分布函数(ODF)的形式对加临界变形的半工艺无取向硅钢的织构演变作了分析.发现其热轧板表层织构基本是典型的铁素体再结晶{111}组分,心部和1/4厚度处以铁素体剪切织构和轧制变形织构为主.冷轧变形后,心部和表层织构组分比较接近,{111}、{112}和{100}面织构都增加,但{111}组分增加最明显.软化退火后,{001}<110>与{112}<110>组分迅速降低,织构组分以γ纤维织构为主.通过增加临界变形,在最终去应力退火后,{111}不利面织构大量减少,高斯组分增加明显.Taylor因子可以表征不同取向晶粒对变形能的储存能力,从轧制变形时Taylor因子的分布可以解释该实验结果.     

Ta-7.5％W在退火过程中的组织和织构演变

通过金相组织观察、透射电子显微镜(TEM)及显微硬度测试,研究冷轧变形量为95％的Ta-7.5％W合金箔材在1 050,1 200和1 360℃退火时的组织和性能变化,并采用取向密度函数(ODF)分析在此过程中其织构演变规律.对其实验结果进行研究发现:冷轧态Ta-7.5％W合金硬度为HV 300,经1 360℃退火后硬度迅速减小,说明此时合金已发生回复再结晶.轧制后的Ta-7.5％W合金箔材具有各向异性,在轧面∥{111}取向上形成位错胞亚结构,在轧面∥{100}取向上形成了形变带,冷轧态的主要织构为{001}〈110〉,{112} 〈110〉和{110}〈110〉织构;在1 200℃退火时,在轧面∥{111}取向上,再结晶通过亚晶界迁移、亚晶长大形核,而在轧面∥{100}取向上,主要是通过亚晶转动、聚合形核;{001}〈110〉织构增强,{112}〈110〉织构减弱;在1 360℃退火时,{001}〈110〉织构急剧减弱,{111}〈112〉织构增强.     

退火时间对高强细晶IF钢再结晶织构的影响

以含铌高强细晶IF钢为研究对象,在不同保温时间下进行了连续退火实验.通过采用OM显微分析及EBSD测试技术对实验钢进行显微组织和微观织构观察分析,得到含铌高强细晶IF钢在退火过程中织构的演变规律.实验结果揭示：高强细晶IF钢在连续退火过程中形成较强的〈111〉//ND再结晶织构.当退火温度为850℃,保温时间为120 s时,钢板具有最强的〈111〉//ND织构;随着保温时间的增加,〈111 〉//ND织构逐渐增强,〈 110〉//RD先减弱后增强.再结晶织构在{111}面与{112}面之间转化并发生漫散现象.     

Phase formation,texture evolutions,and mechanical behaviors of Al0.5CoCr0.8FeNi2.5V0.2 high-entropy alloys upon cold rolling

The cold rolling (CR) reduction dependence of microstructure evolutions and mechanical properties for Al_0.5CoCr_0.8FeNi_2.5V_0.2 high-entropy alloy (HEA) were investigated. The HEA remains FCC structures consisting of nanoscale ordered L1₂ phase, confirming the phase formation prediction. With increasing CR reduction, the textures transform from random ones to FCC rolling ones accompanied by dense slip bands and deformation twins. Under a 50% CR reduction, the deformation textures started to become evident and were governed by typical {111}<112>F, {110}<100>Goss and {112}<111>Cu texture components. When the CR reduction approached 90%, the deformation textures mainly contained the {110}<111>A, {114}<110>X, and {112}<111>Cu texture components. As a result, both Vickers hardness and ultimate strength increased, but the ductility decreased roughly. The enhanced strength should be attributed to the anisotropy and work hardening behavior from textures. The plastic deformation for the samples under low CR reductions was dominated by deformation twins and slip bands. However, under high CR reductions, the textures severely impeded the further propagation of pre-existing slip bands, leading to the rapid decrease of ductility. Therefore, the CR reduction should be carefully designed before optimal heat treatments to enhance the strength and ductility synergy.     

冷轧钢板变形织构的理论模拟

采用取向分布函数法研究了钢板中的轧制织构。其中以｛１１０｝＜１１１＞滑移系滑移为基本变形机制，利用Ｓａｃｈｓ，Ｔａｙｌｏｒ，ＲＣ和ＰＣ等模型对轧制织构进了理论模拟。这些理论模型可以再现体心立方金属冷轧过程中晶粒取向在｛１１２｝＜１１０＞，｛１１１｝＜１１０＞，｛１１１｝＜１１２＞及｛００１｝＜１１０＞附近的聚集过程。分析表明｛１１０｝＜１１１＞滑移系的滑移是体心立方金属十分重要的变形机制，适当参考     

热轧工艺对409L铁素体不锈钢深冲性的影响

对含有单一柱状晶的409L铁素体不锈钢连铸坯,采用不同终轧温度的热轧工艺,由常规热轧转变为温轧,再经过相同后续工艺;较低终轧温度的成品获得了较高rm值和较低△r值.终轧温度的降低使组织演变发生变化:热轧和冷轧组织中晶界和晶内剪切带增多,变形组织被细化、硬化,尤其是中心层附近的粗大带状晶粒;两者的增多又增加了退火过程中的...     

最大熵技术和它在织构分析中的应用

使用最大熵技术,探索了形变量ε对纯铁冷轧织构的影响。结果表明,在形变过程中,形成两组主要织构组分:{100}<011>和{111}丝织构,其中{100}<011>随形变量增加而增加。相反,当形变量大于 54％时,{111}丝织构却倾向于不变。     

3%Si无取向硅钢异步轧制织构的演变

对无取向硅钢常化态板材经过异步轧制,轧制速比为1.06,经过一次冷轧到0.5 mm厚,压下率为77.3%,并在保护气氛下进行再结晶退火,考察了异步冷轧织构和再结晶织构形成及演变.常化态板材的初始织构组分以{110}和{113}织构为主,异步冷轧织构主要是由α织构和γ织构组成,快慢辊侧的织构类型没有变化,但慢辊侧α织构和γ织构的取向密度明显高于快辊侧;再结晶退火后α织构取向密度明显减弱,而γ织构的变化主要是{111}〈110〉织构组分的取向密度减弱,{111}〈112〉织构组分的取向密度加强.     

Mechanism of surface texture evolution in pure copper strips subjected to double rolling

Developing ultra-thin copper foils with different surface roughness and microstructure has important significance for improving the service performance and reducing the production cost of high-end circuit boards. In this paper,pure copper strips with initial cube texture were subjected to a double rolling process(deformation amount ranges from 50% to 95%),and the surface textures evolution law and mechanism of doublerolled strips were studied by an X-ray diffraction technique. The results show that when a deformation amount increased from 50% to 70%,the grains of two surfaces rotate away from the cube orientation,and the formed textures of two surfaces mainly consisted of C,S and B orientation components. The orientation density values for these three components on bright surface only had slight difference; the orientation density values for C and S components were much larger than that for B components on a matt surface. When the deformation amount increased to 90%,the increase extents of orientation density values for C and S components were obviously larger than that for B components on a bright surface; the increase extents of orientation density values for these three components were almost the same on the matt surface. It has been found that when deformation amount reaches 95%,the grains orientation of bright surface were relatively concentrated,and the orientation density value for C texture obviously increased to 11.68 and that for B texture was only 3.15; the grains orientation of matt surface were relatively dispersed,and the orientation density value for C texture increased to 9.26 and that for B texture obviously increased to 6.35,and the density values of these two textures had less difference. For the condition of strong compressive and shear stress on the bright surface,grains were mainly rotating to C texture orientation; compared with the bright surface,"semi-free" deformation condition on the matt surface is beneficial to promote much more grains to rotate to the B texture orientation.     

Microstructure and texture evolution of a near β titanium alloy Ti-7333 during continuous cooling hot deformation

The microstructure and texture evolution during continuous cooling hot deformation(CCHD) in a near β titanium alloy, named Ti-7Mo-3Nb-3Cr-3Al(Ti-7333), were investigated by using the electron backscattered diffraction(EBSD). The results indicate that the precipitation of secondary α phase was restricted by CCHD, and the morphology of primary α phase nearly had no change with the deformation and temperature drop. In contrast, βphase underwent more deformation and the grains tended to refine. This may be due to the dynamic recrystallization(DRX) of β phase, including continuous dynamic recrystallization(CDRX) and discontinuous dynamic recrystallization(DDRX). In addition, the textures of {110} 110 , {225} 520 and{115} 123 transformed to {100} 110 and {001} 100 during CCHD. Among these, the η-fiber component of {001} 100 was the dominant deformation texture in the deformed Ti-7333 alloy. Finally,continuous cooling has an important effect on the work hardening and softening during CCHD, contributing to the different flow behaviors at different cooling rates.     

Influence of slip system combination models on crystal plasticity finite element simulation of NiTi shape memory alloy undergoing uniaxial compression

The influence of various slip system combination models on crystal plasticity finite element simulation of Ni Ti shape memory alloy subjected to uniaxial compression deformation is investigated according to three combinations of slip systems, including combination of {010}100and {110}111slip modes, combination of {110}100and {110}111slip modes and combination of {110}100, {010}100and {110}111slip modes, which consist of 18, 18 and 24 slip systems, respectively. By means of simulating mechanical response,strain distribution, stress distribution and Schmid factor, it can be found that in terms of simulation accuracy,combination of {110}100and {110}111slip modes is in good agreement with combination of {110}100,{010}100and {110}111slip modes. The contribution of {110}100slip mode to plastic strain is primary in plastic deformation of Ni Ti shape memory alloy, whereas {010}100slip mode, which makes small contribution to plastic deformation, can be regarded as the unfavorable slip mode. In the case of large plastic strain, the {010}100slip mode contributes to the formation of(001) [010] texture component, while {110}100and {110}111slip modes facilitate the formation of γ-fibre(111) texture.